Numerical analysis of the oscillations of human vocal cords

Nonlinear differential equations of the fifth order, which govern the oscillations of the human vocal cords, are analyzed. A combined numerical technique is used to observe the regular and irregular solutions of these equations. A scenario from periodic, via quasiperiodic to chaotic attractor is demonstrated. A perturbation of the strange chaotic attractor to principal, combination and primary resonances is also discussed and illustrated.     

利用对称性寻找浑沌运动

本文研究了一类参数激励和外激励联合作用下的非线性振子,发现其浑沌运动的分布在控制参数平面上具有对称性。     

A novel strange attractor with a stretched loop

This short paper introduces a new 3D strange attractor topologically different from any other known chaotic attractors. The intentionally constructed model of three autonomous first-order differential equations derives from the coupling-induced complexity of the well-established 2D Lotka?CVolterra oscillator. Its chaotification process via an anti-equilibrium feedback allows the exploration of a new domain of dynamical behavior including chaotic patterns. To focus a rapid presentation, a fixed set of parameters is selected linked to the widest range of dynamics. Indeed, the new system leads to a chaotic attractor exhibiting a double scroll bridged by a loop. It mutates to a single scroll with a very stretched loop by the variation of one parameter. Indexes of stability of the equilibrium points corresponding to the two typical strange attractors are also investigated. To encompass the global behavior of the new low-dimensional dissipative dynamical model, diagrams of bifurcation displaying chaotic bubbles and windows of periodic oscillations are computed. Besides, the dominant exponent of the Lyapunov spectrum is positive reporting the chaotic nature of the system. Eventually, the novel chaotic model is suitable for digital signal encryption in the field of communication with a rich set of keys.     

Time delay Duffing’s systems: chaos and chatter control

The effect of a delay feedback control (DFC), realized by displacement in the Duffing oscillator, for parameters which generate strange chaotic Ueda attractor is investigated in this paper. First, the classical Duffing system without time delay is analysed to find stable and especially unstable periodic orbits which can be stabilized by means of displacement delay feedback. The periodic orbits are found with help of the continuation method using the AUTO97 software. Next, the DFC is introduced with a time delay and a feedback gain parameters. The proper time delay and feedback gain are found in order to destroy the chaotic attractor and to stabilize the periodic orbit. Finally, chatter generated by time delay component is suppressed with help of an external excitation.     

Chaotic dynamics in a neural network under electromagnetic radiation

In this paper, a small Hopfield neural network with three neurons is studied, in which one of the three neurons is considered to be exposed to electromagnetic radiation. The effect of electromagnetic radiation is modeled and considered as magnetic flux across membrane of the neuron, which contributes to the formation of membrane potential, and a feedback with a memristive type is used to describe coupling between magnetic flux and membrane potential. With the electromagnetic radiation being considered, the previous steady neural network can present abundant chaotic dynamics. It is found that hidden attractors can be observed in the neural network under different conditions. Moreover, periodic motion and chaotic motion appear intermittently with variations in some system parameters. Particularly, coexistence of periodic attractor, quasiperiodic attractor, and chaotic strange attractor, coexistence of bifurcation modes and transient chaos can be observed. In addition, an electric circuit of the neural network is implemented in Pspice, and the experimental results agree well with the numerical ones.     

Deterministic and stochastic analyses of chaotic and overturning responses of a slender rocking object

The relationship between chaos and overturning in the rocking response of a rigid object under periodic excitation is examined from both deterministic and stochastic points of view. A stochastie extension of the deterministic Melnikov function (employed to provide a lower bound for the possible chaotic domain in parameter space) is derived by taking into account the presence of random noise. The associated Fokker-Planck equation is derived to obtain the joint probability density functions in state space. It is shown that global behavior of the rocking motion can be effectively studied via the evolution of the joint probability density function. A mean Poincaré mapping technique is developed to average out noise effects on the chaotic response to reconstruct the embedded strange attractor on the Poincaré section. The close relationship between chaos and overturning is demonstrated by examining the structure of the invariant manifolds. It is found that the presence of noise enlarges the boundary of possible chaotic domains in parameter space and bridges the domains of attraction of coexisting responses. Numerical results consistent with the Foguel alternative theorem, which discerns asymptotic stabilities of responses, indicate that the overturning attracting domain is of the greatest strength. The presence of an embedded strange attractor (reconstructed using the mean Poincaré mapping technique) indicates the existence of transient chaotic rocking response.     

Bifurcations and chaos in a discrete predator–prey model with Crowley–Martin functional response

In this paper, a discrete-time predator–prey model with Crowley–Martin functional response is investigated based on the center manifold theorem and bifurcation theory. It is shown that the system undergoes flip bifurcation and Neimark–Sacker bifurcation. An explicit approximate expression of the invariant curve, caused by Neimark–Sacker bifurcation, is given. The fractal dimension of a strange attractor and Feigenbaum’s constant of the model are calculated. Moreover, numerical simulations using AUTO and MATLAB are presented to support theoretical results, such as a cascade of period doubling with period-2, 4, 6, 8, 16, 32 orbits, period-10, 20, 19, 38 orbits, invariant curves, codimension-2 bifurcation and chaotic attractor. Chaos in the sense of Marotto is also proved by both analytical and numerical methods. Analyses are displayed to illustrate the effect of magnitude of interference among predators on dynamic behaviors of this model. Further the chaotic orbit is controlled to be a fixed point by using feedback control method.     

Chaotic Saddles in Wada Basin Boundaries and Their Bifurcations by the Generalized Cell-Mapping Digraph (GCMD) Method

By means of the generalized cell-mapping digraph (GCMD) method, we studybifurcations governing the escape of periodically forced oscillatorsfrom a potential well, in which a chaotic saddle plays an extremelyimportant role. In this paper, we find the chaotic saddle anddemonstrate that it is embedded in a strange fractalbasin boundary which has the Wada property that any point that is on theboundary of that basin is also simultaneously on the boundary of atleast two other basins. The chaotic saddle in the Wada basin boundary,by colliding with a chaotic attractor, leads to a chaotic boundarycrisis with indeterminate outcome. A local saddle-node fold bifurcation,if the saddle of the saddle-node fold is located in tangency with thechaotic saddle in the Wada basin boundary, also results in a strangeglobal phenomenon, namely that the local saddle-node fold bifurcation hasglobally indeterminate outcome. We also investigate the origin andevolution of the chaotic saddle in the Wada basin boundary, particularlyconcentrating on its discontinuous bifurcations (metamorphoses). Wedemonstrate that the chaotic saddle in the Wada basin boundary iscreated by a collision between two chaotic saddles in differentfractal basin boundaries. After a final escape bifurcation, there onlyexists the attractor at infinity and a chaotic saddle with a beautifulpattern is left behind in the phase space.     

Gaussian mixture model and receding horizon control for multiple UAV search in complex environment

Intriguing as the discovery of new chaotic maps is, some new maps also bring new nonlinear phenomena of iterative map behavior. In this paper, we present a simple two-dimensional chaotic map which has three totally separated regions. The twin regions, creating strange and interesting attractors, are close to each other and vertically reflected however not identical in shape, while the distant region, generating a Hénon-like attractor, starts with period-doubling until complete chaos. Given the unusual behavior of the map introduced in this paper, we initially presented linear stability and bifurcation analysis per regions, with Lyapunov exponents and largest exponent computation. Besides the standardized calculations, what we focus here is to find out how a simple map can exhibit different chaotic behaviors in different regions.     

Chaotic vibrations of a beam with non-linear boundary conditions

Forced vibrations of an elastic beam with non-linear boundary conditions are shown to exhibit chaotic behavior of the strange attractor type for a sinusoidal input force. The beam is clamped at one end, and the other end is pinned for the tip displacement less than some fixed value and is free for displacements greater than this value. The stiffness of the beam has the properties of a bi-linear spring. The results may be typical of a class of mechanical oscillators with play or amplitude constraining stops. Subharmonic oscillations are found to be characteristic of these types of motions. For certain values of forcing frequency and amplitude the periodic motion becomes unstable and nonperiodic bounded vibrations result. These chaotic motions have a narrow band spectrum of frequency components near the subharmonic frequencies. Digital simulation of a single mode mathematical model of the beam using a Runge-Kutta algorithm is shown to give results qualitatively similar to experimental observations.     

A Chaotic Circuit with Ferroelectric Nonlinearity

In this paper, the possibility of observing strange attractors in an electronic circuit including a nonlinear ferroelectric component has been investigated. The ferroelectric constitutes the medium interposed between the two plates of a capacitor. A circuit including the nonlinearity of the ferroelectric has been designed, while the parameters have been found by performing numerical integration with respect to different values of them. The circuit has been realized on a discrete components board. Experimental results, showing that for a suitable range of parameters a chaotic attractor emerges, are reported.     

An approach on fixed pansystems theorems: Panchaos and strange panattractor

The investigations about chaos, attractor and strange attractor are main subjects in nonlinear analysis. Under the framework of pansystems methodology, reference [1] discussed these problems and introduced the concepts of panchaos, panattractor and strange panattractor. These concepts omitted the condition of continuity, compactness, etc. and put stress on the properties of binary relations on a set. A certain obtained result indicates that panchaos, panattractor and strange panattractor correspond respectively to fixed subsets of certain pansystems operators. This paper continues the investigation of [1,2], discusses the existence of these pansystems fixed subsets, their construction and interrelations.The authors appreciate Associate Research Fellow Qin Guo-guang for his discussion on related problems.     

COMPLEX RELAXATION OSCILLATION TRIGGERED BY BOUNDARY CRISIS IN THE DISCRETE DUFFING MAP

多时间尺度问题具有广泛的工程与科学研究背景，慢变参数则是多时间尺度问题的典型标志之一.然而现有文献所报道的慢变参数问题，其展现出的振荡形式及内部分岔结构，大多较为单一，此外少有文献涉及到混沌激变的现象.本文以含慢变周期激励的达芬映射为例，探讨了一类具有复杂分岔结构的张弛振荡.快子系统的分岔表现为S形不动点曲线，其上、下稳定支可经由倍周期分岔通向混沌.而在一定的参数条件下，存在着导致混沌吸引子突然消失的一对临界参数值.当分岔参数达到此临界值时，混沌吸引子可能与不稳定不动点相接触，也可能与之相距一定距离.对快子系统吸引域分布的模拟，表明存在着导致边界激变（boundary crisis）的临界值，在这些值附近，经由延迟倍周期分岔演化而来的混沌吸引子可与2ⁿ（n=0，1，2，…）周期轨道乃至混沌吸引子共存.当慢变量周期地穿过临界点后，双稳态的消失导致原本处于混沌轨道的轨线对称地向此前共存的吸引子转迁，从而使系统出现了不同吸引子之间的滞后行为，由此产生了由边界激变所诱发的多种对称式张弛振荡.本文的结果丰富了对离散系统的多时间尺度动力学机理的认识.     

奇怪吸引子分片机理的讨论

用已经提出的二维平面映射的奇怪吸引子结构讨论了这类平面映射的奇怪吸引子分片的机理，给出了有关判据。以Ｈｅｎｏｎ吸引子为例说明了这种机理的合理性．     

Magnetorheological damping and semi-active control of an autoparametric vibration absorber

A numerical study of an application of magnetorheological (MR) damper for semi-active control is presented in this paper. The damper is mounted in the suspension of a Duffing oscillator with an attached pendulum. The MR damper with properties modelled by a hysteretic loop, is applied in order to control of the system response. Two methods for the dynamics control in the closed-loop algorithm based on the amplitude and velocity of the pendulum and the impulse on–off activation of MR damper are proposed. These concepts allow the system maintaining on a desirable attractor or, if necessary, to change a position from one attractor to another. Additionally, the detailed bifurcation analysis of the influence of MR damping on the number of periodic solutions and their stability is shown by continuation method. The influence of MR damping on the chaotic behavior is studied, as well.     

Kawakami映射的超混沌行为研究

通过对一类平面二维映射系统非线性动力学行为的分析,发现该系统存在一个奇怪吸引子,该吸引子具有两个正Lyapunov指数和分数维。通过该系统不动点的分析揭示了该吸引子的吸引域边界结构,即不稳定第二类结点与不稳定偶数周期点在吸引域边界上的相间排列。     

Hyperchaos,chaos, and horseshoe in a 4D nonlinear system with an infinite number of equilibrium points

Based on three-dimensional (3D) Lü chaotic system, we introduce a four-dimensional (4D) nonlinear system with infinitely many equilibrium points. The Lyapunov-exponent spectrum is obtained for the 4D chaotic system. A hyperchaotic attractor and a chaotic attractor are emerged in this 4D nonlinear system. Furthermore, to verify the existence of hyperchaos, the chaotic dynamics of this 4D nonlinear system is also studied by means of topological horseshoe theory and numerical computation.     

Properties of Chaotic and Regular Boundary Crisis in Dissipative Driven Nonlinear Oscillators

The phenomenon of the chaotic boundary crisis and the related concept of the chaotic destroyer saddle has become recently a new problem in the studies of the destruction of chaotic attractors in nonlinear oscillators. As it is known, in the case of regular boundary crisis, the homoclinic bifurcation of the destroyer saddle defines the parameters of the annihilation of the chaotic attractor. In contrast, at the chaotic boundary crisis, the outset of the destroyer saddle which branches away from the chaotic attractor is tangled prior to the crisis. In our paper, the main point of interest is the problem of a relation, if any, between the homoclinic tangling of the destroyer saddle and the other properties of the system which may accompany the chaotic as well as the regular boundary crisis. In particular, the question if the phenomena of fractal basin boundary, indeterminate outcome, and a period of the destroyer saddle, are directly implied by the structure of the destroyer saddle invariant manifolds, is examined for some examples of the boundary crisis that occur in the mathematical models of the twin-well and the single-well potential nonlinear oscillators.     

A new chaotic attractor and its robust function projective synchronization

We introduce a simple chaotic system that contains one multiplier and one quadratic term. The system is similar to the generalized Lorenz system but is not topologically equivalent. The properties of the proposed chaotic system are examined by theoretical and numerical analysis. An analog chaotic circuit is implemented that realizes the chaotic system for the verification of its attractor. Furthermore, we propose a robust function projective synchronization using time delay estimation. A numerical simulation of synchronization between the proposed system and the Lorenz system demonstrates that the proposed approach provides fast and robust synchronization even in the presence of unknown parameter variations and disturbances.