溴酸钾二甲酚橙体系-顺序注射-催化光度法测定痕量钒

在酸性介质条件下,钒(Ⅳ)能显著催化溴酸钾对二甲酚橙的氧化褪色反应。据此建立了测定痕量钒(Ⅳ)的顺序注射催化光度法。方法的线性范围为0.5⁵0ng/mL、检出限为0.4ng/mL。对10ng/mL的钒(Ⅳ)连续11次测定的相对标准偏差为1.1%。用于环境水样中痕量钒(Ⅳ)的测定,加标回收率为91%50ng/mL、检出限为0.4ng/mL。对10ng/mL的钒(Ⅳ)连续11次测定的相对标准偏差为1.1%。用于环境水样中痕量钒(Ⅳ)的测定,加标回收率为91%¹08%。     

甲基绿-钒(Ⅴ)-溴酸钾催化体系测定超痕量钒的研究

在H3PO4介质中,抗坏血酸存在下,超痕量钒能灵敏地催化KBrO3氧化甲基绿褪色。研究了该催化褪色反应的最佳条件及动力学参数,建立了一种测定超痕量钒的新方法。该法的线性范围为0~1.00 ng/mL,检出限为5.20×10-12g/mL。方法可用于芹菜和小麦中钒的测定。     

催化动力学光度法测定水中痕量钒

基于在H3PO4介质中, 抗坏血酸作活化剂, 100 ℃沸水浴加热的条件下, 痕量钒V(Ⅴ)催化溴酸钾氧化三溴偶氮氯膦(TB-chorophosphonazo)的褪色反应, 建立了新的测定超痕量钒的催化光度法. 该方法对钒测定范围是0～1.0 ng/mL, 检出限为0.133 ng/mL. 实验考察了影响催化反应速率的各种因素, 确定了最佳的实验条件. 实验测定了反应的动力学参数: 表观活化能Ea'=93.80 kJ/mol, 表观速率常数为k'=1.307×10-3 s-1, 建立了催化反应动力学方程. 方法灵敏度高, 选择性好, 直接用于环境水体中痕量钒的测定.     

钒-KBrO3-偶氮胭脂红B催化光度法测定痕量钒(Ⅴ)

在硫酸介质中,痕量钒能灵敏地催化溴酸钾氧化偶氮胭脂红B而褪色.研究了该催化褪色反应的最佳条件及动力学参数,建立了一种测定痕量钒(Ⅴ)的新方法.该法的线性范围为0～1.0 μg/10 mL,检出限为1.40×10-9 g/mL.用于水和小麦试样中钒(Ⅴ)的测定,结果满意.     

甲基绿-高碘酸钾系统催化动力学光度法测定痕量铱(Ⅳ)

基于以H3PO4为反应介质,用HAc-NaAc(1+8)(pH5.7)作缓冲溶液,在沸水浴中加热条件下,痕量铱(Ⅳ)能灵敏地催化高碘酸钾氧化甲基绿的褪色反应,建立了一种测定痕量铱(Ⅳ)的新催化光度法。研究了反应的最佳条件。催化反应吸光度A与非催化反应吸光度A0的差值ΔA与铱(Ⅳ)的质量浓度ρ在0～2.0μg/25mL范围内呈良好的线性关系。检出限为2.97×10-10g/mL。对1μg/25mL铱(Ⅳ)测定的相对标准偏差为1.7%(n=11)。测定了动力学参数。该催化反应对铱(Ⅳ)为一级反应,总反应为准一级反应。反应的表观速率常数为4.613×10-4/s,表观活化能为40.56kJ/mol。该方法用于分子筛样品和活性炭中痕量铱(Ⅳ)的测定,回收率97.9%～104.4%。     

丽春红2R-溴酸钾催化光度法测定痕量钒

在硫酸介质和有抗坏血酸作活化剂的条件下,痕量钒(Ⅴ)能显著催化溴酸钾氧化丽春红2R(PR)的褪色反应。研究了该催化反应的最佳反应条件和动力学参数,建立了测定中草药及食品中痕量钒的催化动力学方法。线性范围为2.0~80ng/25mL,检出限为8.7×10-8g.L-1。     

偶氮胭脂红B-溴酸钾动力学光度法测定痕量钒

在有抗坏血酸作活化剂的条件下,微量钒(Ⅴ)能显著催化溴酸钾对偶氮胭脂红B(AZB)的氧化褪色反应。在研究了该催化反应的适宜条件和动力学参数的基础上,建立了测定痕量V(Ⅴ)的新催化光度法。该方法测定V(Ⅴ)的线性范围为1.0～3.2ng mL、检出限为1.1×10-2ng mL。对2ng mLV(Ⅴ)独立测定10次的相对标准偏差为0.20%。考察了40多种共存离子的影响,大多数共存离子不干扰测定。本法用于黄连、茶叶、大米和面粉中微量钒的测定,相对标准偏差为2.7%～3.9%,加标回收率为97.1%～105.4%。     

催化动力学分析法测定超痕量钒的研究

在稀磷酸介质及活化剂抗坏血酸存在下,痕量钒(Ⅴ)强烈催化溴酸钾氧化碱性品红褪色,据此建立了一个新的测定超痕量钒的催化动力学光度法.方法测定钒(Ⅴ)的线性范围为:0.0～400.0 pg/mL,检出限为27 pg/mL.实验考察了影响催化反应速率的各种因素,确定了实验的最佳条件.测定了催化反应的动力学参数:表观活化能E0'=170.1 kJ/mol,表观速率常数k'=2.8×10-3s-1,建立了动力学速率方程:-dCMR/dt=K'.CMR.CKBrO3.CVc.CV(Ⅴ).试验了25种共存离子的影响,发现大多数常见离子不干扰,方法直接用于环境水体中超痕量钒的测定,相对标准偏差为1.65%～2.03%.     

钒(Ⅴ)催化溴酸钾氧化铍试剂Ⅲ的反应及其应用

基于在硫酸介质中钒(Ⅴ)催化溴酸钾氧化铍试剂Ⅲ的反应建立了测定痕量钒(Ⅴ)的新方法,研究了试剂浓度条件,讨论了反应机理,方法线性范围是0～0 50ng mL,检出限为7 0×10-12g mL,方法已用于矿泉水及蔬菜中钒的测定。     

核固红-溴酸钾催化动力学光度法测定痕量钒

在pH2.5～2.9的硫酸溶液中,微量钒(Ⅴ)能显著催化溴酸钾氧化核固红(1氨基2,4二羟基蒽醌3磺酸钠)(C.I.No.60760)褪色。研究了反应的动力学行为,建立了测定痕量钒的催化动力学分析方法。该方法的检出限为1.9×10-6g·L-1,线性范围为0.03～1.5μg/25mL,用于测定中草药及食品中痕量钒,结果满意。     

V(Ⅴ)-I~--十六烷基三甲基溴化铵体系共振散射光谱及分析应用

研究了在盐酸介质中,V(Ⅴ)-I--十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)离子缔合物的共振散射光谱。实验发现,当有V(Ⅴ)存在时,V(Ⅴ)与过量的I-反应生成I3-,I3-与CTMAB形成离子缔合物微粒(CTMAB+.I3-)n,使I--CTMAB溶液的共振光散射强度显著增加。在波长563nm处,共振散射光强度最大且光散射强度与钒浓度在2～60ng/mL范围内呈正比,据此建立了测定环境样品中痕量钒的共振散射光谱分析新方法,方法检出限为0.66ng/mL。用拟定的方法测定环境样品中微量钒,相对标准偏差小于7.5%,回收率在97.8%～102.4%。     

Kinetic spectrophotometric determination of trace amounts of selenium and vanadium

A sensitive kinetic spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of Se(IV) over the range of 45 to 4000 ng in 10 mL of solution. The method is based on the catalytic effect of Se(IV) on the reduction reaction of bromate by hydrazinium dichloride, with subsequent reaction of Ponceau S with products of the above reaction (chlorine and bromine), causing color changing of Ponceau S. Method development includes optimization of time interval for measurement of slope, pH, reagents concentration, and temperature. The optimized conditions yielded a theoretical detection limit of 33 ng/¶10 mL of solution of Se(IV). The interfering effects were studied and removed. The method was applied to the determination of selenium in spiked water, Kjeldahl tablet, selenium tablet, and shampoo. Vanadium(V) has an inhibition effect on the catalyzed reaction of bromate and hydrazine by selenium. Using this effect, V(V) can be determined in the range of 70 to 2500 ng in 10 mL of solution. The optimization procedure includes pH and selenium concentration. An extraction method was used for interference removal. The method was applied to the determination of vanadium in petroleum.     

Determination of trace titanium with titanium(IV)-(DBC-arsenazo)-potassium bromate system by catalytic-kinetic spectrophotometry

In a 0.080 M sulphuric acid medium, trace titanium(IV) catalyzes the discoloring reaction of DBC-arsenazo oxidized by potassium bromate and the discoloring degree is proportional to the concentration of titanium(IV) in the solution. A new catalytic-kinetic spectrophotometric method for the determination of trace titanium(IV) was developed based on this principle. At a wavelength of 516 nm, the linear range of determination of titanium(IV) is 0–2.2 μg/25 mL. The detection limit for the determination of titanium is 2.04 ng/mL. The present method has been satisfactorily applied to the determination of titanium in fish samples. The text was submitted by the authors in English.     

Kinetic spectrophotometric determination of trace amounts of selenium and vanadium

A sensitive kinetic spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of Se(IV) over the range of 45 to 4000 ng in 10 mL of solution. The method is based on the catalytic effect of Se(IV) on the reduction reaction of bromate by hydrazinium dichloride, with subsequent reaction of Ponceau S with products of the above reaction (chlorine and bromine), causing color changing of Ponceau S. Method development includes optimization of time interval for measurement of slope, pH, reagents concentration, and temperature. The optimized conditions yielded a theoretical detection limit of 33 ng/?10 mL of solution of Se(IV). The interfering effects were studied and removed. The method was applied to the determination of selenium in spiked water, Kjeldahl tablet, selenium tablet, and shampoo. Vanadium(V) has an inhibition effect on the catalyzed reaction of bromate and hydrazine by selenium. Using this effect, V(V) can be determined in the range of 70 to 2500 ng in 10 mL of solution. The optimization procedure includes pH and selenium concentration. An extraction method was used for interference removal. The method was applied to the determination of vanadium in petroleum. Received: 20 October 1998 / Revised: 17 April 1999 / Accepted: 3 June 1999     

Catalytic spectrophotometric determination of molybdenum (VI) with the hydrazine-metanil yellow system

A new catalytic Spectrophotometric method for the determination of trace amounts of molybdenum (VI) has been proposed. The method is based on the catalytic effect of Mo(VI) on the reduction of metanil yellow by hydrazine dihydrochloride. Under experiment condition, the linear range of determination is 20–160 ng/mL for molybdenum and the detection limit is 11.2ng/mL. The method has been used to determine trace molybdenum in bean samples with the recovery of 96.0–99.0%, with relative standard deviations of 1.50–2.53%.     

Chemiluminescence Determination of Molybdenum by on-Line Reduction with a Flow Injection System

ThereactionsofLuwithhydrogenperoxidecatalysedbymetalionsandalsoreactionofLuwithorganicreductantssuchasglucoseandascorbicacidhavebeenreported"=.OurrecentstudiesshowedthatsomeinorganicreductantssuchasMo(Ill),V(11),U(ill),W(ill),Cr(II),Ti(ill)andFe(11)etc.canreactwithLuinstrongalkalinemediumtogenerateCL.Inthispaper,theCLreactionbetweenLuandMo(ill)producedbyaJonesreductor3hasbeenstudiedindetailforthefirsttime,andtheCLreactionhasbeensuccessfullyappliedtodeterminemolybdenumwithexcellentsensi…     

荧光黄的示波极谱特性研究及其在催化反应-示波极谱分析中的应用

在pH4.9HOAc-NaOAc缓冲溶液中, 荧光黄于-0.50V(vs.SCE)产生一灵敏的单扫描示波极谱波。在100℃弱碱性介质中, 铱(IV)对KIO~4氧化荧光黄这一反应具有强烈催化作用。本文研究了荧光黄的示波极谱行为及利用该催化反应测定痕量铱的各种影响因素,拟定了铱的催化反应-示波极谱分析新方法, 它们的检出限和测定范围分别为0.04ng/mL和0.08-8.0ng/mL。     

Speciation of vanadium (IV) and vanadium (V) with Eriochrome Cyanine R in natural waters by solid phase spectrophotometry

The separation and preconcentration of vanadium (IV) and vanadium (V) using Sephadex DEAE A-25 with Eriochrome Cyanine R has been studied, based on the preconcentration of vanadium (IV) in the first step and V(V) after reduction with ascorbic acid in the second step. Factors affecting the optimum fixation of the complex were investigated. The absorbance of the solid phase is measured directly at 563 nm for V(IV), at 585 nm for V(V) and at 750 nm for both. The proposed method provides a simple and specific procedure for the separation of vanadium in natural waters. The calibration graph is linear up to 150 ng/mL, with RSD of 4.7% for V(IV) and 4.0% for V(V). The detection limits are 1.6 and 1.4 ng/mL for V(IV) and V(V), respectively.     

钒(Ⅴ)催化氧化甲基紫的反应动力学及其应用

在 H2 SO4 介质中 ,以抗坏血酸为活化剂 ,痕量的钒 ( )可强烈地催化溴酸钾氧化甲基紫的反应 ,研究了反应的最佳条件及动力学参数 ,探讨了反应机理 ,建立了测定超痕量钒的高灵敏方法 ,方法的线性范围 0 .0～ 2 50 pg/m L ,检出限为 6.5×1 0 - 13g/m L。方法用于井水、蔬菜及血清中痕量钒的测定 ,获得令人满意的结果