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1.
羧甲基化壳聚糖- Fe3O4纳米粒子的制备及对Zn2+的吸附行为   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
以共沉淀法制备纳米Fe3O4, 通过在颗粒表面接枝羧甲基化壳聚糖(CMC), 制备一种新型磁性纳米吸附剂, 用透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射分析(XRD)等对其进行了表征, 并考察了吸附剂对Zn2+的吸附性能. 结果表明, 制备的磁性纳米吸附剂平均粒径18 nm, 粒子中CMC的含量约5%. 该吸附剂对Zn2+吸附速率很快, 在2 min内基本达到平衡, 能有效去除Zn2+. 等温吸附数据符合Langmuir模型, 饱和吸附容量为20.4 mg•g−1, 吸附常数为0.0314 L•mg−1. 热力学计算表明吸附为放热过程, 焓变为−5.68 kJ•mol−1.  相似文献   

2.
The monodisperse chitosan-conjugated Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles with a mean diameter of 13.5 nm were fabricated by the carboxymethylation of chitosan and its covalent binding onto Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles via carbodiimide activation. The carboxymethylated chitosan (CMCH)-conjugated Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles with about 4.92 wt.-% of CMCH had an isoelectric point of 5.95 and were shown to be quite efficient as anionic magnetic nano-adsorbent for the removal of acid dyes. Both the adsorption capacities of crocein orange G (AO12) and acid green 25 (AG25), as the model compounds, decreased with increasing pH, and the decreasing effect was more significant for AO12. On the contrary, the increase in the ionic strength decreased the adsorption capacity of AG25 but did not affect, obviously, the adsorption capacity of AO12. By the addition of NaCl and NaOH, both AO12 and AG25 could desorb and their different desorption behavior could be attributed to the combined effect of pH and ionic strength. From the adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics studies, it was found that both the adsorption processes of AO12 and AG25 obeyed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, Langmuir isotherm, and might be surface reaction-controlled. Furthermore, the time required to reach the equilibrium for each one was significantly shorter than those using the micro-sized adsorbents due to the large available surface area. Also, based on the weight of chitosan, the maximum adsorption capacities were 1 883 and 1 471 mg x g(-1) for AO12 and AG25, respectively, much higher than the reported data. Thus, the anionic magnetic nano-adsorbent could not only be magnetically manipulated but also possessed the advantages of fast adsorption rate and high adsorption capacity. This could be useful in the fields of separation and magnetic carriers. [formula in text].  相似文献   

3.
Multiwalled boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) functionalized with Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles (NPs) were used for arsenic removal from water solutions. Sonication followed by a heating process was developed to in situ functionalize Fe(3)O(4) NPs onto a tube surface. A batch of adsorption experiments conducted at neutral pH (6.9) and room temperature (25 °C) and using the developed nanocomposites revealed effective arsenic (V) removal. The Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich adsorption isotherms were measured for a range of As(V) initial concentrations from 1 to 40 mg/L under the same conditions. The equilibrium data well fitted all isotherms, indicating that the mechanism for As(V) adsorption was a combination of chemical complexation and physical electrostatic attraction with a slight preference for chemisorption. The magnetite NPs functionalized on BNNTs led to a simple and rapid separation of magnetic metal-loaded adsorbents from the treated water under an external magnetic field.  相似文献   

4.
以生物质废弃物螃蟹壳为原料,通过简单的化学处理制成磁性微球,再经二异丁胺(DIBA)修饰合成了生物质吸附剂FCS-DIBA[FCS:Fe3O4与壳聚糖(CS)复合微球]。 FCS-DIBA对Re(Ⅶ)具有很高的吸附选择性,最大吸附量可达185 mg/g,而且不受环境酸度的影响,在pH=2条件下可实现Re(Ⅶ)与Cu(Ⅱ)、Zn(Ⅱ)、Mn(Ⅶ)和Fe(Ⅲ)等常见共存金属离子的分离,该吸附等温线符合Langmuir方程。 此外,对FCS-DIBA吸附铼的机制和吸附稳定性能等进行了探讨。  相似文献   

5.
表面印迹纳米磁性壳聚糖的制备及对Cu(Ⅱ)的吸附研究   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
将壳聚糖与自制的纳米四氧化三铁反应,加入一定量的铜盐使其与壳聚糖络合,再用环氧氯丙烷交联,用酸洗脱铜离子,得到表面印迹的纳米磁性壳聚糖.考察了阴离子、交联剂浓度对铜印迹效果的影响.用振动磁力仪及透射电镜对样品的性质进行表征.研究了表面印迹的纳米磁性壳聚糖对Cu2 的吸附性能.研究结果显示,用硝酸铜印迹制备的表面印迹纳米磁性壳聚糖吸附剂平均粒径为25nm,饱和磁化强度为98.56emu/g,壳聚糖含量为18.7%.吸附剂吸附容量大,吸附速度快.在Cu2 初始浓度为3.91mmol/L,pH为5时,15min即达到吸附平衡,以壳聚糖计Cu2 的饱和吸附量为4.07mmol/g,比纯壳聚糖粉高2倍.在含Zn2 或Cd2 、Pb2 的二元体系溶液中,离子印迹吸附剂对Cu2 具有明显的选择吸附性,而未印迹的纯壳聚糖粉几乎没有选择性.吸附剂易回收,重复使用性好,重复使用4次后,吸附量约保留最初饱和吸附量的98%.  相似文献   

6.
在以共沉淀法制备的磁性纳米Fe3O4粒子(Magnetic nanoparticles, MNP)表面进行了化学修饰, 制备了一种新型富含羧基功能团的核壳磁性纳米吸附剂(Carboxylic functionalized Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, CMNP). 利用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、 X射线衍射仪(XRD)、 X射线能量色散谱(EDS)、 振动样品磁强计(VSM)、 傅里叶变换红外光谱(FIIR)和热重分析仪(TGA)对CMNP的形貌、 结构、 化学组成和磁性能进行了表征, 并考察了吸附剂对Cu2+的吸附性能, 研究了溶液pH值、 吸附时间和Cu2+初始浓度对吸附性能的影响. 结果表明, 羧基化核壳磁性纳米Fe3O4颗粒的平均粒径为15 nm, 具有良好的超顺磁性, 饱和磁化强度为41.84 A·m2/kg, 在10 min中内可达到吸附平衡, 在pH=7.0时吸附量最高, 吸附等温数据符合Langmuir模型, 饱和吸附量qm= 43.48 mg/g.  相似文献   

7.
乙二胺改性磁性壳聚糖纳米粒子对酸性染料的吸附特性   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用乙二胺改性磁性壳聚糖纳米粒子(EMCN)吸附酸性橙7 (AO7)和酸性橙10 (AO10). EMCN制备时先通过在由环已烷/正已醇、壳聚糖和铁盐组成的反相微乳体系中加NaOH溶液沉淀剂, 得到磁性壳聚糖纳米粒子, 再经乙二胺改性以增加氨基含量和提高吸附容量. 透射电镜表明, EMCN分散良好, 粒径15-40 nm. 吸附实验表明, AO7和AO10最佳吸附分别在pH 4.0和pH 3.0. EMCN具有粒径小和高表面活性, 因此吸附速率快. 吸附平衡符合Langmuir模型, AO7和AO10的最大吸附容量分别为3.47和2.25 mmol·g-1. 热力学分析表明吸附过程放热, 且能自发进行. EMCN可用NH4OH/NH4Cl (pH 10.0)溶液再生并可重复使用.  相似文献   

8.
The adsorption of Co2+ ions from nitrate solutions using iron oxide nanoparticles of magnetite (Fe3O4) and maghemite (gamma-Fe2O3) has been studied. The adsorption of Co2+ ions on the surface of the particles was investigated under different conditions of oxide content, contact time, solution pH, and initial Co2+ ion concentration. It has been found that the equilibrium can be attained in less than 5 min. The maximum loading capacity of Fe3O4 and gamma-Fe2O3 nanoparticles is 5.8 x 10(-5) and 3.7 x 10(-5) mol m(-2), respectively, which are much higher than the previously studied, iron oxides and conventional ion exchange resins. Co2+ ions were also recovered by dilute nitric acid from the loaded gamma-Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 with an efficiency of 86 and 30%, respectively. That has been explained by the different mechanisms by including both the surface and structural loadings of Co2+ ions. The surface adsorption of Co2+ on Fe3O4 and gamma-Fe2O3 nanoparticles has been found to have the same mechanism of ion exchange reaction between Co2+ in the solution and proton bonded on the particle surface. The conditional equilibrium constants of surface adsorption of Co2+ on Fe3O4 and gamma-Fe2O3 nanoparticles have been determined to be log K=-3.3+/-0.3 and -3.1+/-0.2, respectively. The structural loading of Co2+ ions into Fe3O4 lattice has been found to be the ion exchange reaction between Co2+ and Fe2+ while that into gamma-Fe2O3 lattice to fill its vacancy. The effect of temperature on the adsorption of Co2+ was also investigated, and the value of enthalpy change was determined to be 19 kJ mol(-1).  相似文献   

9.
The adsorption of Pb(II) and Cu(II) from aqueous solution on magnetic porous ferrospinel MnFe(2)O(4) prepared by a sol-gel process was investigated. Single batch experiment was employed to test pH effect, sorption kinetics, and isotherm. The interaction mechanism and the regeneration were also explored. The results showed that Pb(II) and Cu(II) removal was strongly pH-dependent with an optimum pH value of 6.0, and the equilibrium time was 3.0 h. The adsorption process could be described by a pseudo-second-order model, and the initial sorption rates were 526.3 and 2631.5 μmol g(-1)min(-1) for Pb(II) and Cu(II) ions, respectively. The equilibrium data were corresponded well with Langmuir isotherm, and the maximum adsorption capacities were 333.3 and 952.4 μmol g(-1) for Pb(II) and Cu(II) ions, respectively. The adsorbed Pb(II) and Cu(II) ions were in the form of the complex with oxygen in carboxyl and hydroxyl groups binding on the surface of magnetic porous MnFe(2)O(4). The sorbent could be reused for five times with high removal efficiency.  相似文献   

10.
A novel magnetic nanoadsorbent was prepared by the covalent binding of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) onto the surface of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, which was developed using a coprecipitating method. This nanoadsorbent was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD), etc. Moreover, the adsorption performance of the nanoadsorbent toward Zn2+ ions was investigated. The results showed that the mean diameter of the magnetic nanoadsorbent was 18 nm and the amount of CMC was about 5%. The nanoadsorbent showed high efficiency for the removal of Zn2+ ions. The adsorption rate was so rapid that the equilibrium was achieved within 2 min. The isotherm adsorption data obeyed the Langmuir model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 20.4 mg·g?1 and an adsorption equilibrium constant of 0.0314 L·mg?1. The thermodynamic calculations indicated that the adsorption process was exothermic and that the enthalpy change was ?5.68 kJ·mol?1.  相似文献   

11.
Hybrid materials formed by the combination of a sodium rich Montmorillonite (MMT), with magnetite nanoparticles (40nm, Fe(3)O(4) NPs) coated with Polyethylenimine polymer (PEI 800g/mol or PEI 25000g/mol) were prepared. The intercalation of the magnetite nanoparticles coated with PEI among MMT platelets was achieved by cationic exchange. The resulting materials presented a high degree of exfoliation of the MMT sheets and a good dispersion of Fe(3)O(4) NPs on both the surface and among the layers of MMT. The presence of amine groups in the PEI structure not only aids the exfoliation of the MMT layers, but also gives to the hybrid material the necessary functionality to interact with heavy metals. These hybrid materials were used as magnetic sorbent for the removal of hexavalent chromium from water. The effect that pH, Cr(VI) concentration, and adsorbent material composition have on the Cr(VI) removal efficiency was studied. A complete characterization of the materials was performed. The hybrid materials showed a slight dependence of the removal efficiency with the pH in a wide range (1-9). A maximum amount of adsorption capacity of 8.8mg/g was determined by the Langmuir isotherm. Results show that these hybrid materials can be considered as potential magnetic adsorbent for the Cr(VI) removal from water in a wide range of pH.  相似文献   

12.
In this contribution, we synthesized water-soluble Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles (NPs) with sufficiently high solubility (28 mg mL(-1)) and stability (at least one month) through a hydrothermal approach, and found that they exhibited excellent removal ability for heavy-metal ions from waste water. For the first time, the water-soluble Fe(3)O(4) NPs were used as adsorbents for heavy-metals removal from wastewater. It is noteworthy that the adsorption ability of the water-soluble Fe(3)O(4) NPs for Pb(2+) and Cr(6+) is stronger than water-insoluble Fe(3)O(4) NPs. Furthermore, the water-soluble Fe(3)O(4) NPs exhibited relatively high saturation magnetization (83.4 emu g(-1)), which allowed their highly-efficient magnetic separation from wastewater. The most important thing is that the water-soluble magnetite as an adsorbent can directly dissolve in water without the help of mechanical stirring or any extraneous forces, which may solve a key problem for the practical application of magnetic powders in the field of sewage purification. Moreover, the water-soluble Fe(3)O(4) NPs show a highly-efficient adsorption capacity for 10 ppm of Pb(2+) ions solution which can reach 90% within 2 minutes.  相似文献   

13.
The adsorption of Fe(Ⅲ)ions from aqueous solution by chitosan alpha-ketoglutaric acid(KCTS)and hydroxamated chitosan alpha-ketoglutaric acid(HKCTS)was studied in a batch adsorption system.Experiments were carried out as function of pH,temperature,agitation rate and concentration of Fe(Ⅲ)ions.The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models were applied to describe the equilibrium isotherms and isotherm constants were determined.The Langmuir model agrees very well with experimental data.The pseudo-first-order and second-order kinetic models were used to describe the kinetic data and the rate constants were evaluated.The dynamical data fit well with the second-order kinetic model.The pseudo second-order kinetic model was indicated with the activation energy of 19.61 and 7.98 KJ/mol for KCTS and HKCTS,respectively.It is suggested that the overall rate of Fe(Ⅲ)adsorption is likely to be controlled by the chemical process.Results also showed that novel chitosan derivatives(KCTS and HKCTS)were favorable adsorbents.  相似文献   

14.
In this work, the effectiveness of surface-modified jacobsite (MnFe2O4) nanoparticles was investigated for the removal and recovery of Cr(VI) from synthetic wastewater. Ten nanometer modified MnFe2O4 nanoparticles were produced to be a new adsorbent using a co-precipitation method followed by a surface redox reaction. The equilibrium time for Cr(VI) adsorption onto modified MnFe2O4 nanoparticles was as short as 5 min, and the adsorption data fit the Langmuir model well. The maximum uptake of 31.5 mg of Cr(VI)/g of modified MnFe2O4 was obtained at pH 2, which was comparable with other common adsorbents such as activated carbon and sawdust. The effects of ligands (EDTA, SO4(2-), NH4+) and ionic strength were studied in a pH range of 2-10. EDTA and SO4(2-) inhibited the adsorption of Cr(VI) over the entire pH range studied, whereas NH4+ enhanced the uptake of Cr(VI) at pH greater than 6.5. The mechanisms leading to Cr(VI) adsorption by modified MnFe2O4 nanoparticles were determined by X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to be a combination of electrostatic interaction and ion exchange. Regeneration studies indicated the potential reuse of the modified MnFe2O4 nanoparticles without sacrificing adsorption capacity and the possible recycling of Cr(VI) without changing the valence.  相似文献   

15.
磁性壳聚糖微球对牛血清白蛋白的吸附性能   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
在微乳液体系中, 以戊二醛为交联剂制备了磁性壳聚糖纳米粒子(Fe2O3-CS). 采用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、红外光谱(IR)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)等手段对纳米粒子进行表征. 结果表明, 纳米粒子的粒径在40 nm左右, 分散性良好, 具有较好的磁响应性能. 以碳二亚胺(EDC)为活化剂, 研究了Fe2O3-CS纳米粒子对牛血清白蛋白(BSA)分子的吸附性能, 并使用原子力显微镜(AFM)、紫外分光光度计(UV)进行表征. Fe2O3-CS粒子对BSA 的吸附大致符合Langmuir吸附模型, 298 K时饱和吸附量约为250 mg·g-1, 吸附常数为0.007 L·mg-1. 将BSA-粒子分散在不同pH的缓冲溶液中, 研究BSA-粒子复合物的稳定性. 用聚丙烯酰氨凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)对结果进行表征, 发现在碱性条件下BSA分子能从磁性粒子表面脱附下来.  相似文献   

16.
In this research, the herbaceous peat collected from Gavurgolu peatlands, one of the biggest Turkish peatlands, was utilized as an adsorbent for the removal of copper (II) ions from aqueous solution. Adsorption experiments were conducted under various conditions, i.e., initial concentration, temperature, and pH. While the amount of Cu (II) adsorbed on the peat increased with increasing concentration of Cu (II) ions, it was not markedly affected by temperature and pH. Percentage removal was higher at lower concentration. For example, the maximum percentage removal of Cu (II) ions for initial concentration of 3 x 10(-4) M was 97.04% at 21 degrees C and pH 5.5. The adsorption capacity (Q(0)) of the peat was 4.84 mgg(-1) from Langmuir adsorption isotherm for the concentration range of 3 x 10(-4)-6 x 10(-4) M at 21 degrees C and pH 5.5. The equilibrium time of adsorption of Cu (II) ions was 150 min and independent of concentration and temperature. The amount of Cu (II) adsorbed at equilibrium time did not considerably change with temperature and pH. It was also determined that adsorption isotherm followed both Freundlich and Langmuir. Uptake mechanism of Cu (II) ions by the peat occurs via cation exchange (especially by means of Ca(2+) and Mg(2+)) as well as copper/peat complexation. Adsorption kinetic was consistent with the pseudo-second-order model.  相似文献   

17.
The adsorption of Fe(Ⅲ)ions from aqueous solution by chitosan alpha-ketoglutaric acid(KCTS)and hydroxamated chitosan alpha-ketoglutaric acid(HKCTS)was studied in a batch adsorption system.Experiments were carried out as function of pH,temperature,agitation rate and concentration of Fe(Ⅲ)ions.The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models were applied to describe the equilibrium isotherms and isotherm constants were determined.The Langmuir model agrees very well with experimental data.The pseudo-first-order and second-order kinetic models were used to describe the kinetic data and the rate constants were evaluated.The dynamical data fit well with the second-order kinetic model.The pseudo second-order kinetic model was indicated with the activation energy of 19.61 and 7.98 kJ/mol for KCTS and HKCTS,respectively.It is suggested that the overall rate of Fe(Ⅲ)adsorption is likely to be controlled by the chemical process.Results also showed that novel chitosan derivatives(KCTS and HKCTS)were favorable adsorbents.  相似文献   

18.
The adsorption of Cu(II) ions onto the chitosan derived Schiff bases obtained from the condensation of chitosan with salicyaldehyde (polymer I), 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (polymer II) and with 4-(diethylamino) salicyaldehyde (polymer III) in aqueous solutions was investigated. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out as a function of contact time, pH, and polymer mass. The amount of metal-ion uptake of the polymers was determined by using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) and the highest Cu(II) ions uptake was achieved at pH 7.0 and by using sodium perchlorate as an ionic strength adjuster for polymers I, II, and III. The isothermal behavior and the kinetics of adsorption of Cu(II) ions on these polymers with respect to the initial mass of the polymer and temperature were also investigated; adsorption isothermal equilibrium data could be clearly explained by the Langmuir equation. The experimental data of the adsorption equilibrium from Cu(II) solution correlates well with the Langmuir isotherm equation.  相似文献   

19.
The effect of co-occurring inorganic species on the removal of tungsten from water was investigated using biosorbent (i.e., chitosan coated montmorillonite clay). Simulated natural water and well water from Fallon, NV were used for this study. The concentrations of tungsten (21-541 mg/L) and inorganic species ([H(2)CO(3)]=0-4.2 mg/L, [H(4)SiO(4)]=0-90 mg/L, and [SO(2-)(4)]=0-400 mg/L) in simulated feed water were varied. The concentration of tungsten in the well water was 26 microg/L. The pH level of simulated feed water and well water was adjusted to 4 since this pH was found to be the most effective pH for the tungsten removal using chitosan coated clay. Tungsten removal without the existence of co-occurring inorganic species decreases from 99.8 to 87.1% with an increase in initial tungsten concentration from 21 to 541 mg/L. It reduces further as the co-occurring inorganic species concentration increases. The percentage of the tungsten removal ranges between 68.2-93.8%, 66.7-94.2%, and 53.6-93.7% for simulated natural water containing varied amount of H(2)CO(3), H(4)SiO(4), and SO(2-)(4), respectively. The adsorption kinetic data could be best described by the pseudo second order expression. The adsorption equilibrium data was modeled with the Langmuir, Temkin, and Freundlich equations and was found to be represented well by the Langmuir equation. The essential characteristics of the Langmuir isotherm indicate that the adsorption of tungsten on chitosan coated clay is favorable regardless of the presence of interfering species. Compared to natural clay, chitosan coated clay has about 116 times larger adsorption capacity per gram of chitosan, which makes it a superior adsorbent. However, the maximum tungsten adsorption capacity decreases in the presence of co-occurring species since the co-occurring species suppress the adsorption. For the well water treated with biosorbent, the tungsten concentration in the product water was found to be lower than the detection limit (1 microg/L) of the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). The repeatable results obtained from the treatment of both simulated and well water suggest that using chitosan coated clay can be an efficient adsorbent for tungsten removal from contaminated sites.  相似文献   

20.
Chitosan biopolymer chemically modified with the complexation agent 2[-bis-(pyridylmethyl)aminomethyl]-4-methyl-6-formylphenol (BPMAMF) was employed to study the kinetics and the equilibrium adsorption of Cu(II), Cd(II), and Ni(II) metal ions as functions of the pH solution. The maximum adsorption of Cu(II) was found at pH 6.0, while the Cd(II) and Ni(II) maximum adsorption occurred in acidic media, at pH 2.0 and 3.0, respectively. The kinetics was evaluated utilizing the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order equation models and the equilibrium data were analyzed by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms models. The adsorption kinetics follows the mechanism of the pseudo-second-order equation for all studied systems and this mechanism suggests that the adsorption rate of metal ions by CHS-BPMAMF depends on the number of ions on the adsorbent surface, as well as on their number at equilibrium. The best interpretation for the equilibrium data was given by the Langmuir isotherm and the maximum adsorption capacities were 109 mg g-1 for Cu(II), 38.5 mg g-1 for Cd(II), and 9.6 mg g-1 for Ni(II). The obtained results show that chitosan modified with BPMAMF ligand presented higher adsorption capacity for Cu(II) in all studied pH ranges.  相似文献   

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