木星卫星系统能量的离散化现象研究

从木星卫星的轨道量子化理论出发,推导木星卫星系统的能量公式,描绘出木星卫星系统的轨道量子数n-能量E半对数坐标图,进一步探讨木星卫星的轨道量子数与系统能量的关系。     

行星重力的后牛顿近似对卫星作用的估计

将行星重力的广义相对论后牛顿近似应用于木星系统和撞击木星的彗星Shoe maker Levy 9,计算了木星重力的后牛顿改正和它的卫星的进动效应,并与地球月球系统作比较,进行分析和讨论 关键词： 重力的后牛顿近似 木星及其卫星 彗星Shoe maker-Levy 9 广义相对论     

热木星不太可能有自己的卫星

<正>热木星是指公转轨道非常接近其恒星以致气温极高的巨行星。太阳系中的巨行星——木星、土星和海王星都有卫星,而且有的个头比地球还大,但是最新研究表明那些热木星不太可能有自己的卫星。     

以木星的卫星运动演示开普勒第三定律

介绍用普通设备观测木星的伽利略卫星来演示开普勒第三定律，并计算出中心天体——木星的质量，这一方法可以用作中学物理实验和中学生社团活动的内容．     

木星周围发现水蒸气环

 美国天文学家在木星周围发现一个巨大水蒸气环,美国霍普金斯大学科学家对卡西尼探测器飞近木星时传回数据的处理结果作出结论,木星周围出现水蒸气是由于微陨星经常撞击木卫二冰面的结果,木卫二是木星最大卫星之一。根据发表在《自然》杂志上的研究结果,在发现的水蒸气环中气团质量可与另一颗卫星---木卫一表面喷溅的气体质量相比拟。木卫二的强烈的火山活动被厚冰层所覆盖,冰层下面存在有液态海水,木卫二对于研究人员来说非常神秘。     

木星阴影使木卫一每42小时结霜一次

正想起夜晚树林中颈部感到的阵阵寒意了吗?木星最大的卫星木卫一每42小时会围绕木星运转一周,期间有两小时会进入木星的阴影,导致木卫一大气层结霜并崩溃。现在科学家用远红外波段观测到了大气层崩溃和恢复的过程。木卫一的大气层大部分由二氧化硫组成,二氧化硫从火山喷出后散布在木卫一表面。研究者以前就提出,木卫一大气层有大量稀薄的覆盖物,     

探索太阳系天体（上）

太阳系以太阳为中心,包括所有受到太阳引力约束的天体。其中有八颗行星（即水星、金星、地球、火星、木星、土星、天王星和海王星,还有至少167颗已知的卫星）;5颗矮行星及其卫星,矮行星是介于行星与太阳系小天体之间的天体。     

冰封木卫二将成为人类最大科研仪器

 冰封的木星卫星--木卫二将会成为人类最大的科学研究仪器之一,它将成为飞向太阳系遥远太空带电粒子的传感器。木卫二是研究中微子的理想靶场,在地球上利用水探测器来捕获中微子,具有高能量的中微子在地球上很难成功发现而在与探测器相互作用时仍相当罕见。     

地球只受木星引力作用时的运动轨道的探讨

讨论了如果太阳突然消失,而且地球只受木星引力作用时的运动轨道,结果表明,这时地球相对木星的运动轨道为双曲线或直线．     

罗麦

丹麦人,天文学家,生于1644年2月25日,死于1710年9月19日。但从1671年到1681年在巴黎当法国皇太子的教师并为科学院的成员,后来做过数学教授并担任丹麦哥本哈根天文台台长及哥本哈根市市长之职。他利用木星的卫星蚀或早或迟的视现象来测定光速。他首先建造了子午线观测用的通过仪器(Durchgangsinstrument),并用一个分度圆盘进     

Simulation of the effect of Galilean satellites in problems on the dynamics of Jupiter’s near and distant satellites

Various simplified representations of the motion of Galilean satellites are considered which are used in simulations of the near and distant satellites of Jupiter. For the near satellites it has been shown that of all simplified models the highest accuracy is attained with a model in which the motion of Galilean satellites is described by formulas of circular motion, and the accuracy is such that the model can well be used for preprocessing of observed data. The problem of short-period perturbations has been stated which arises in a high-accuracy simulation of the motion of distant satellites in view of the motion of fast circumjovial large satellites. It has been shown that this problem is solved most effectively with the use of Gaussian rings. __________ Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 1, pp. 60–65, January, 2008.     

基于SDN的TDMA体制星间网络架构设计

TDMA(时分多址)体制的导航星间网络既可以实现导航测距,也具备较高的数据传输速率,具有较为广泛的业务适应能力。然而,TDMA体制的星间网络系统也存在着星上处理复杂与卫星节点处理能力低的矛盾。借鉴SDN(软件定义网络)将网络系统控制层面与数据层面相分离的思想,在TDMA体制的星间网络中引入SDN技术,设计了基于SDN的TDMA体制星间网络架构,将控制功能从卫星节点抽离出来,使其可以专注于星间数据转发,控制管理信息主要由卫星地面站(后续为高轨道卫星)扮演的SDN控制节点制定并分发,从而简化了卫星的业务负担,同时可以借鉴成熟的地面网络技术制定高效的控管策略。对所设计架构的主要的控管流程进行了仿真模拟,仿真结果表明,该架构具有一定的可行性。     

Multi-life cycles utilization of retired satellites

Retired geosynchronous (GEO) communication satellites affect the GEO orbit environment in outer space. According to the new concept of modern design, the authors propose creatively a method of reusing retired GEO communication satellites, through adjusting retired GEO satellites to slightly inclined orbit geosynchronous (SIGSO) satellites. After these retired satellites are applied to the navigation and communication system, integrity of navigation system and positioning accuracy of the system is improved. Meanwhile, some transponders on these retired satellites can be used to establish a new satellite communication service, and initiate the study and utilization of the multi-life cycle for retired satellites. Experimental results show that this project has significant social value and can make remarkable economic benefit. Supported by the National Basic Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2007CB815501) and the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2007AA12z343)     

短波红外用于白天卫星探测的研究

从白天天空背景、卫星光学特性及红外波段在大气中的传输特性三方面分析了白天卫星探测的可行性。在此基础上,采用光谱滤波的方法,利用红外焦平面阵列(IRFPA),在短波红外波段进行了卫星跟踪与测量。理论分析和白天的测星实验表明,用短波红外波段能够实现白天卫星的跟踪与测量;通过与已知星等的G型光谱类型恒星测量值的比对得到了目标卫星的星等为6.34,给出了探测系统的跟踪误差。     

低轨四星时差定位技术研究

文章重点分析影响低轨四星时差定位系统精度的主要因素;首先,从四星时差定位的基本原理出发,对四星时差定位的模型和几何精度因子进行了详细的推导,并通过仿真分析了四星构型、时差测量精度、卫星位置误差、基线长度、星座投影面积等对四星时差定位系统精度的影响;通过比较可知,在相同参数条件下,采用Y形构形,减小时差测量误差、提高卫星定位精度、增加基线长度,增大星座投影面积均等均能够提高该系统的定位精度;在低轨四星定位系统应用场景中,四星构型、卫星绝对位置测量精度、基线长度以及星座投影面积对四星时差定位系统精度影响较大,时差测量精度和卫星相对位置测量精度对四星时差定位系统精度影响较小;而在实际任务中应权衡各因素的效费比,来保证定位精度。     

Functions of retired GEO communication satellites in improving the PDOP value of CAPS

This paper briefly introduces the maneuverable feature of the slightly inclined geosynchronous orbit (SIGSO) satellites under a new control model degraded from the geosynchronous orbit (GEO) communication satellites which will retire as most of the fuel in these satellites has been consumed. Basing on the transmitting Chinese Area Positioning System (CAPS), the authors, by analyses, indicate that such satellites can make an improvement to CAPS constellation configuration, especially to the PDOP value from simulation. The results show that the use of SIGSO satellites can (1) actualize three-dimensional (3D) navigation and positioning compared with the situation, which, only using GEO satellites, cannot be carried out, and improve navigation and positioning accuracy to some extent; (2) reuse the communication services of these satellites for more years, and GEO communication satellites will be retired at a later time and delay their time to become space debris and reduce their pollution of the space environment, so that valuable space resources are maximally used. As for the use of these satellites in the transmitting positioning system, the authors present some views and suggestions in this work. Supported by the National Basic Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2007CB815501) and the Chinese National Programs for High Technology Research and Development (Grant No. 2007AA12z343)     

“NextView计划”与光学遥感卫星的发展趋势

美国国家地理空间情报局(NGA)发起的“NextView计划”是在“未来成像体系”(Future Imagery Archtecture,FIA)计划失败的背景下提出的。“NextView计划”由WorldView-1和GeoEye-1两颗商业光学遥感卫星组成。卫星的地面像元分辨力分别为0.5 m和0.41 m,是目前世界商业卫星中分辨力最高的两颗卫星。本文介绍了“NextView计划”项目实施的依据,描述了WorldView-1和GeoEye-1两颗卫星的技术指标、工作模式和特点,并对未来光学遥感卫星的发展趋势做出了预测,认为未来光学遥感卫星将向“更高、更快、更小、更准、更艳”的方向发展。     

External satellites of superfine-structure multiplets in the saturated absorption spectrum of the SiF4 molecule

Earlier-discovered weak satellites of the superfine structure of the saturated absorption spectrum of SiF₄ in the range of oscillation frequencies of a low-pressure CO₂ laser operating at P(38) line of 9.7-μm band are investigated experimentally. The amplitude of the satellites is found to increase relative to that of resonances of the multiplet itself with an increase in the laser power. Within the experimental error, the relative amplitude of the satellites is independent of SiF₄ gas pressure. Possible interpretations of the satellites are discussed.     

Auger rates of second-row atoms calculated by many-body perturbation theory

Many-body perturbation theory is applied to calculate the KLL Auger rates of all terms of atoms C, N, F and Ne. Theoretical rates are compared with experiment and other theories for Ne and O. A new set of the Auger satellites, corresponding to the main photoelectron line binding energy is proposed. The intensities of these satellites are calculated and some of these satellites are identified in experimental KLL Auger spectra of Ne.     

高n双电子复合伴线对类氦镁离子Ka共振线贡献的理论计算

利用多组态Dixac-Foek方法计算了类氯镁离子的双电子复合截面．分析了类氨镁离子的高n双电子伴线结构及其对类氯镁离子Ka共振线的影响．结果表明类氨镁离子的高n双电子伴线几乎都分布于Ka共振线的长波一侧．随着n的增加，DS强度呈现明显减小的趋势．虽然来自KLM（n=3）的发射线最强．但n〉3的部分依然给出了非常重要的贡献．即便是来自n〉10的共振的贡献也是不可忽略的．并且高n双电子伴线随着n的增加不断接近Ka共振线，导致和Ka共振线的强烈混合．在实验测量中会使Ka共振线峰位的测量值向长波方向移动，使谱形加宽，并且增强了Ka共振线测量值强度．