喇曼感应克尔效应光谱学

喇曼感应克尔效应光谱学记作RIKES(是Raman Induced Kerr-Effeet Spectroscopy的缩写),是相干喇曼光谱学的一个分支.喇曼感应克尔效应是 1975年由 D.Heiman,R.W.Hellwarth等人首先演示的[1].之后,G.L.Eesley,M.D.Levenson[2]和 A.Owyoung等发展了光外差喇曼感应克尔效应光谱学(Optically heterdynedRIKES,缩写作OHD-RIKES),并很快在液相介质及气相介质的高分辨率喇曼光谱的研究中得到成功的应用. 用两束激光同时照射介质,我们把其中强的一束偏振光(圆频率为ω1)称为抽运光,另一束弱的线偏振光(圆频率为ω2)称为探测光.在抽运…     

光的偏振与色散

O436.32007010090喇曼泵浦光源退偏技术研究=Study of depolarization of Raman pump source[刊,中]/罗勇(华中科技大学光电子工程系.湖北,武汉(430074)),孙军强…//光通信研究.—2006,(3).—54-57利用琼斯(Jones)矩阵和斯托克斯参量分别对几种喇曼泵浦光源退偏方式进行了理论分析,并对实际的激光器光谱进行了偏振度的数值计算。在采用基于偏振合光(PBC)的方法进行退偏时,只有当两激光器的光功率相同时才可以得到最小的偏振度;在采用偏振合光加双折射晶体退偏(PBCD)时,计算表明,随着晶体长度的变化,偏振合波后的偏振度总小于单只激光器…     

液体克尔常数的测量

克尔效应是介质在电场作用下感生的双折射现 象,各种克尔盒已在电光调制方面得到广泛的应用. 因此,精确测量各种介质的克尔常数具有一定的意 义. 提高介质克尔常数实验测量准确度的一种途径, 是提高外加电压,从而增大感生双折射引起的位相差. 但大多数样品在强场下容易击穿,因而不宜加很高的 电压.本文采用双光路光度法和俭偏振法,在不太高 的电压下,提高了实验测量的准确度,并对液体样品硝 基苯的克尔常数进行了测量,两种方法测得的结果较 好地吻合,并与公认值一致. 一、实验基本原理 在一级近似下,克尔效应是外加电场的二次函数, 因此介质…     

液芯光纤喇曼光谱的研究

本文叙述了利用液芯光纤技术获得最佳自发喇曼光谱的方法和条件。用16mW He-Ne激束为泵光浦源,获得了较高强度的溴苯自发喇曼光谱。首次用测量喇曼信号强度的方法,计算出光纤衰损系数α,从而获得了最大喇曼光谱所对应的最佳光纤长度。本文以15OmW Ar离子(488nm)激光器为光源,用Spex1403喇曼系统,得到了丰富的溴苯喇曼光谱,比用普通方法获得的喇曼光谱强度高两个数量级。实验结果与理论计算基本符合。     

单模石英光纤中受激喇曼散射的研究

利用连续光纤激光器为泵浦源,对单模石英光纤中的受激喇曼散射进行了实验研究.在较低功率泵浦下,观察到由自发喇曼散射向受激喇曼散射演化的过程中,光谱不断变窄;当Stokes波信号功率较强时,观察到光谱峰值相对于泵浦波的频移量从440 cm－1转化到490 cm－1.在改进耦合系统后,不仅观察到一级喇曼频移,并且观察到了高阶Stokes光.在产生多级喇曼光谱时能量移动比较复杂,每两级的喇曼频移间隔并不完全相同.     

光纤共振和预共振喇曼光谱

在液芯光纤内产生共振和预共振喇曼效应,喇曼光谱强度可以大幅度提高,最高可达10⁹倍.本文介绍获得光纤(预)共振喇曼光谱的可行性、实验及实验结果.用远离吸收带的激光激发获得了α甲基吡啶预共振喇曼光谱.用小功率激光(0.8mW)、低浓度溶液(9.6×10¹²mol/L)还获得了β叶红素在CS₂中的共振喇曼光谱.     

双折射光纤琼斯矩阵的一般表达式及反射传输特性

本文根据双折射光纤的耦合波理论给出其琼斯矩阵的一般表达式,并由此分析了偏振光在双折射光纤中的反射传输特性.进而从理论上解释了光纤电流传感器中零点漂移借助于反射传输而受到抑制的现象.     

LiNbO_3:MgO晶体的喇曼光谱研究

首次获得了L_1NbO_3:MgO晶体的喇曼光谱。与纯LiNbO_3晶体的喇曼光谱相比较,A_1(TO)模和E(TO)模的谱线数目、频率和相对强度均基本不变,线宽略有增加。这说明,LiNbO_3晶体较强的A_1(TO)和E(TO)振动模的喇曼光谱主要是由氧八面体(NbO_6)特征基团所贡献的。     

Ge_(28)Sb_6S_((66-x))Se_x玻璃系统光学特性与结构

采用熔融-急冷法制备了系列Ge28Sb6S(66-x)Sex(x=0,10,20,30摩尔比)硫系玻璃样品.分别测试了样品的密度、折射率、可见-近红外透过光谱、红外透过光谱以及喇曼光谱,并分析了在Ge-Sb-S中引入Se对其物理、光学特性的影响.利用喇曼光谱讨论了玻璃的结构与特性之间的关系.结果表明:随着Se含量的增加,样品的密度和线性折射率都增大,可见和红外截止波长都发生红移,纯硫化物玻璃样品主要由GeS4四面体和SbS3三角锥组成,随着Se逐渐代替S,硫-硒混合样品中逐渐出现了GeS4-xSex结构单元以及链状和环状的Se-Se键.     

光纤共振和预共振喇曼光谱(英)

在液芯光纤内产生共振和预共振喇曼效应，喇曼光谱强度可以大幅度提高，最高可达109倍．本文介绍获得光纤（预）共振喇曼光谱的可行性、实验及实验结果．用远离吸收带的激光激发获得了α甲基吡啶预共振喇曼光谱．用小功率激光（0．8mW）、低浓度溶液（9．6×10(-12)mol／L）还获得了β叶红素在CS2中的共振喇曼光谱．     

Measurement and calculation of the Q‐branch spectrum of nitrogen using inverse Raman spectroscopy and cw Raman‐induced polarization spectroscopy

The techniques of inverse Raman spectroscopy, Raman‐induced polarization spectroscopy (RIPS), and optical heterodyne RIPS (OHD‐RIPS) are compared by probing the Q‐branch of the nitrogen molecule. The signal is measured employing either a photomultiplier tube (low background level–RIPS) or a photodetector (high background level–IRS and OHD‐RIPS). The measurements are performed using atmospheric mixtures of N₂ Ar with concentrations varying from 0 to 79% N₂. This strategy permits estimation of detection limits using the different techniques. Pump and probe energy levels are varied independently to study signal dependence on laser irradiance. A theoretical treatment is presented on the basis of the Raman susceptibility equations, which permits the calculation of spectra for all three techniques. Calculated Q‐branch spectra are compared with the measured spectra for the interactions of a linearly polarized probe beam with a linearly or circularly polarized pump beam. The polarizer angle in the detection path for OHD‐RIPS has a dramatic effect on the shape of the spectrum. The calculated and experimental OHD‐RIPS spectra are in good agreement over the entire range of investigated polarizer angles. Detection limits using these techniques are analyzed to suggest their applicability for measuring other species of importance in combustion and plasma systems. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Raman‐induced Kerr effect spectroscopy of single‐wall carbon nanotubes aqueous suspensions in the range 0.1–10 and 100–250 cm−1

Here, we study a low (less than 0.1 µg/ml) concentration aqueous suspension of single‐wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) by Raman‐induced Kerr effect spectroscopy (RIKES) in the spectral bands 0.1–10 and 100–250 cm⁻¹. This method is capable of carrying out direct investigation of SWNT hydration layers. A comparison of RIKES spectra of SWNT aqueous suspension and that of milli‐Q water shows a considerable growth in the intensity of low wavenumber Raman modes. These modes in the 0.1–10 cm⁻¹ range are attributed to the rotational transitions of H₂O₂ and H₂O molecules. We explain the observed intensity increase as due to the production of hydrogen peroxide and the formation of a low‐density depletion layer on the water–nanotube interface. A few SWNT radial breathing modes (RBM)are observed (ω_RBM = 118.5, 164.7 and 233.5 cm⁻¹) in aqueous suspension, which allows us to estimate the SWNT diameters (∼2.0, 1.5, and 1 nm, respectively). Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

偏振敏感材料中具有圆各向异性的偏振全息光栅

在向列相液晶中掺杂质量分数约0.2%的偶氮侧链型聚合物制成偏振敏感材料,使用正交圆偏振光记录了具有圆各向异性的一维偏振全息光栅,用线偏振光探测偏振全息光栅,得到正,负一级衍射光也为线偏振光,且偏振态与探测光和零级偏振态相互正交,可以运用琼斯矩阵理论加以解释.偏振全息光栅可由外加电场控制衍射级的变化,即在外加电场作用下,正、负一级衍射产生了90°的相位差.在频率6.05 Hz、电压2.2 V的外场作用下,衍射级的极值振荡变化.     

纳米分辨相干反斯托克斯拉曼散射显微成像

采用附加探测光声子耗尽法来实现超衍射极限相干反斯托克斯拉曼散射显微成像. 此方法引入一束环形分布的附加探测光来消耗点扩展函数周边的相干声子, 实现点扩展函数的改造, 从而达到超越衍射极限的空间分辨率. 为了获得更高的空间分辨率和更佳的相位匹配条件, 通常需采用高数值孔径物镜对抽运光、斯托克斯光和探测光进行聚焦, 此时标量衍射理论不再成立. 基于矢量衍射理论, 分析了线偏振光、圆偏振光先后经过螺旋相位片和高数值孔径物镜后的光强分布, 结果表明: 圆偏振光在高数值孔径物镜后焦平面的光强分布呈中心对称状, 较线偏振环形光更适合作为附加探测光. 此外, 采用全量子理论分析了附加探测光声子耗尽法. 结果表明: 当附加探测光与探测光强度比为80时, 成像系统的横向空间分辨率可以达到45 nm; 继续提高附加探测光强度, 空间分辨将进一步提高.     

光学非均匀复合材料的多元滞后器模型

提出了光学非均匀纤维增强复合材料的复杂双折射现象的多元滞后器模型。给出了多元滞后器矩阵以及由此衍生的一组光强、方位角及滞后量公式，给出了多元与二元等效的证明，并认为二元滞后量应被看作是多元滞后量的一种统计等效值。穿过非均匀介质的偏振光具有复杂的波前，可分解为一组具有不同空间频率的平面波，且每一束平面波都由一对正交偏振光组成。所有这些平面波在试样前方的、垂直于原入射光方向的屏幕上任一点的干涉，在数学上可表示为表征这些平面波的Ｊｏｎｅｓ向量的不同权值的叠加。由于每一对正交偏振光均对应于一个光学均匀微元的Ｊｏｎｅｓ矩阵，因而可用由若干这些Ｊｏｎｅｓ矩阵的叠加所得的多元滞后量矩阵来表征光学非均匀纤维增强复合材料的双折射行为。 关键词：     

Improved measurements of thermally induced birefringence effects in a laser material using a half-wave plate

The polarization dependence of a probe beam for use in measuring thermally induced birefringence effects in a laser-diode end-pumped Nd:YAG ceramic laser has been investigated. The variation in intensity of the probe beam was found to be 10.2% for a linearly polarized probe beam, 20.6% for a circularly polarized probe beam, and 31.4% for a circularly polarized probe beam using a half-wave plate with a pump power of 12 W. The angle between the analyzer and the inclination of the major axis of the elliptical polarization with respect to the x axis was controlled using a half-wave plate. By combining a half-wave plate with a circularly polarized probe beam, the variation in intensity increased compared with conventional methods.     

All-optical continuous-tunable image switch based on nonlinear photoinduced anisotropy in bacteriorhodopsin film

Using nonlinear photoinduced anisotropy in bacteriorhodopsin (bR) film, we presented and demonstrated an image switch in which the output can be tuned continuously by the intensity of a pumping beam. A laser with wavelength 532 nm was used as the pumping beam, and a He-Ne laser at wavelength 632.8 nm was used as the probe beam. Without pumping light, a little of polarized probe beam can transmit the crossed polarizers and the output is very low. With the presence of pumping light, owing to photoinduced anisotropy in the bR film, a portion of the probe beam transmits the crossed polarizers, depending on the intensity of the pumping beam. For the low-intensity probe beam (0.44 mW/cm²), the output is dependent on a wide range of pumping beam (2-30 mW/cm²). On the contrary, for the high-intensity probe beam (0.80 mW/cm²), the output is dependent on a narrow range of pumping beam (2-7 mW/cm²).     

Interfacial electronic properties of Au?GaAs interfaces studied by photomodulation Raman spectroscopy (pump–probe technique)

Photomodulation Raman spectroscopy (PM‐RS) was employed to investigate the interfacial properties of Au: n‐type GaAs interfaces, using the forbidden longitudinal optical (LO) phonon scattering as a probe. In PM‐RS, the photomodulating pump beam (PB) is incident on the sample while the Raman measurements are in progress; hence, PM‐RS can be viewed as a pump–probe technique. The photogenerated carriers partly neutralize the surface charges, which decreases the interfacial field and consequently the intensity of forbidden LO scattering. Two molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) junctions of 80 Å Au on n‐type GaAs (001) substrate with two different doping densities were used. The total surface charge density and change in the band bending were obtained as a function of the PB intensity considering a constant depletion electric field for the lower doped sample. Furthermore, the interfacial minority carrier trap lifetime was determined through dynamical measurements of the PM‐RS intensity. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

光在Metasurface中的自旋-轨道相互作用

探讨了光在Metasurface中的自旋-轨道相互作用, 理论分析了Metasurface 对圆偏振和线偏振光的转换. 结果表明: 光与具有空间非均匀性和各向异性性的Metasurface的相互作用导致了自旋-轨道角动量的耦合. 采用Metasurface与螺旋相位片组合在一起进行了验证实验, 所得实验结果与理论分析完全一致. 这些结论有助于我们更加深入理解Metasurface 对光的操控.     

CH4分子ν1模拉曼诱导克尔效应谱与受激拉曼光声光谱峰形的比较

以气相甲烷分子ν₁模Q支的拉曼光谱为例，采用拉曼诱导克尔效应谱(RIKES)进行峰形测量，并将其与同时测量的受激拉曼光声光谱(PARS)的峰形进行了比较.结果表明，在pump光和Stokes光均为线偏振的情况下，两者存在着差异；在拉曼共振峰的低频端，RIKES谱强度略高；而高频端则恰好相反.从信号产生机制出发，对此进行了合理解释. 关键词： 拉曼诱导克尔效应谱 受激拉曼光声光谱 峰形