全氟及α,α-二氯多氟烷基亚磺酸盐的反应

全氟烷基亚磺酸钠与溴水反应,得到全氟烷基磺酰溴(RfSO2Br),(但在乙腈,乙酸等有机溶剂中与溴反应,则生成溴代全氟烷.在碘化钾水溶液中,全氟烷基亚磺酸钠与碘反应,生成碘代全氟烷.α,α-二氯多币烷基亚磺酸钠在类似条件下与溴水反应,生成1-溴-1,1-二氯多氟烷,与碘在磺化钾水溶液中反应,生成1-碘-1,1-二氯多氟烷.1-溴-1,1-二氯多烷及1-碘-1,1-二氯多氟烷易对烯键加成,也可与连二亚硫酸钠在温和条件下发生亚磺化脱溴及脱碘反应.α,α-二氯二氟乙基亚磺酸钠在强酸中比较稳定,与强碱,氧化剂或还原剂发生反应,得到相应的产物.     

ω-(2＇-甲基二氯硅乙基)—3-氧杂多氟烷基磺酰氟和ω-(2＇-甲基二甲氧基硅乙基)-3-氧杂多氟烷基磺酰氟的合成与聚合

长链含氟烷基磺酸盐作为表面活性剂已有不少报道,ω-三甲基硅取代的烷基磺酸盐作为表面活性剂也已有报道.本文报遭新的氟硅磺酸衍生物4,5,该类化合物可以水解聚合成以有机硅为主链的含氟聚磺酸盐表面活性剂,也可以和含羟基的载体如玻璃粉等化学键合而附着在载体上,然后水解磺酰氟基团成磺酸或磺酸盐.该类表面活性剂具有较好的溶解度和低表面张力. 我们以ω-碘-3-氧杂全氟烷基磺酰氟(1)为原料,与乙烯加成得化合物2,将2用三乙胺脱碘化氢得到ω-乙烯基-3-氧杂多氟烷基磺酰氟(3),3与甲基二氯硅烷经铂氯酸催化加成得到ω-(2′-甲基二氯硅乙基)-3-氧杂多氟烷基磺酰氟(4),4与甲醇、吡啶反应得化合物5,反应过程如下:     

全氟烷基磺酰碘的化学

报导了全氟烷基亚磺酸银与碘之间在二氯甲烷中的低温反应(-30℃). 生成相应的全氟烷基磺酰碘. 并用^1^9F NMR证实其结构, 磺酰碘与各种稀烃反应则可产生二种系列的加成物RfSO2CH2CHIR和RfCH2CHIR.     

亚磺化脱卤研究 X: 全氟及多氟溴代烷的反应研究

本文报道溴代全氟烷和α,ω-二溴代全氟烷在亚磺化脱卤反应体系中与烯烃的反应及其与相应的碘代全氟烷的区别. 合成了全氟仲溴代烷CF3CFBrOCF2CF(CF3)O(CF2)2SO2F(7), 它与烯烃反应可得到1:1的加成物. 7的水解产物CF3CFBrOCF2CF(CF3)O(CF2)2SO3Na(11)与连二亚硫酸钠反应只得到氢化脱溴产物. 多氟溴化物CF3CBr2X(13X=F; 14X=Cl; 15X=Br)经亚磺化脱溴可得到相应的亚磺酸钠盐CF3CBrXSO2Na(16X=F; 17X=Cl; 18X=Br), 其中间体多氟烷自由基可用烯烃捕集, 得到高产率的1:1加成产物.     

亚磺化脱卤研究 X: 全氟及多氟溴代烷的反应研究

本文报道溴代全氟烷和α,ω-二溴代全氟烷在亚磺化脱卤反应体系中与烯烃的反应及其与相应的碘代全氟烷的区别. 合成了全氟仲溴代烷CF3CFBrOCF2CF(CF3)O(CF2)2SO2F(7), 它与烯烃反应可得到1:1的加成物. 7的水解产物CF3CFBrOCF2CF(CF3)O(CF2)2SO3Na(11)与连二亚硫酸钠反应只得到氢化脱溴产物. 多氟溴化物CF3CBr2X(13X=F; 14X=Cl; 15X=Br)经亚磺化脱溴可得到相应的亚磺酸钠盐CF3CBrXSO2Na(16X=F; 17X=Cl; 18X=Br), 其中间体多氟烷自由基可用烯烃捕集, 得到高产率的1:1加成产物.     

氟芳胺基、氟磺酰胺基磷酸酯的合成

首次合成了氟芳胺基磷酸酯和氟磺酰胺基磷酸酯.对氟苯胺、α-氯-4-三氟甲基吡啶胺、α-氯-4-三氟甲基氧化吡啶胺与二乙氧基磷酰氯在乙腈或DMF中反应,得到氟芳胺基磷酸酯.氟烷基磺酰甲胺与二乙氧基磷酰氯反应,以金属钠处理,相应钠盐在乙腈或DMF中,于室温下反应将得到氟烷磺酰胺基磷酸酯.     

亚硫酸自由基阴离子和全氟烷基亚磺酸钠引发全氟烷基碘对烯键加成

以Ce^4^+-NaHSO3存在的体系中, 全氟烷基碘与烯烃于50-70℃发生加成反应, 得到相应的加成物, 在Fe^3^+-NaHSO3引发下, 或全氟烷基亚磺酸钠存在下也能引发同样的加成反应. 在全氟烷基亚碘酸钠存在下, 于30℃的反应中没有发现全氟烷基亚碘酸钠的全氟烷基与烯烃的加成物形成.     

亚磺化脱卤研究-连二亚硫酸钠引发的全氟烷基自由基对双键的加成

全氟碘代烷或溴代烷与亚硫酸盐或连二亚硫酸钠所发生的亚磺化脱卤反应表现自由基反应的特征,提供了用化学方法截捕全氟烷基自由基中间体的可能性:R_FX SO_2(?)[R_FX·SO_2](?)R_F· X~- SO_2.实验表明,在烯烃存在下,全氟碘代烷或溴代烷可以在亚磺化脱卤的同时生成较高产率的自由基加成产物.连二亚硫酸钠可作为全氟烷基自由基引发剂尚未见文献报道.本文报道了这一工作.全氟碘代烷在连二亚硫酸钠-碳酸氢钠的乙腈水溶液中,与1～1.5当量的烯烃在室温或稍高的温度下反应.即可获得相应的自由基加成产物.产率为50～80％:     

可见光诱导的共轭磺酰胺串联脱砜/环化反应

发展了一种可见光诱导的共轭磺酰胺串联脱砜/环化,合成全氟烷基化吲哚酮或α-芳基酰胺的方法。此反应以多氟烷基碘或溴为氟源,在发光二极管蓝光灯照射下,利用面式-三(2-苯基吡啶)合铱催化N-烷基-N-甲基丙烯酰基苯磺酰胺经过串联自由基加成/β-芳基迁移/脱砜环化过程,一步构筑两重碳-碳键,以41%~78%的产率合成了一系列含氟吲哚酮或α-芳基酰胺。此方法底物适用范围广,反应条件温和(室温),催化体系绿色,为具有潜在生理活性的含氟吲哚酮及α-芳基酰胺的合成提供了一条高效、快捷的新途径。     

氟烷基化和氟烷基化的研究 4.铜引发氟烷基碘对乙烯基三甲基硅烷的加长及其立体专一性合成相应的烯烃

在催化量的铜存在下,氟烷基碘R~FI(1)与乙烯基三甲基硅烷(2)在乙腈中反应生成高产率的氟烷基化产物3,二碘化物I(CF~2)~nI(4)也能与2反应生成单烷基化产物5和双烷基化产物6, 5和6量的相对比例取决于所用2的量,这类反应能被对苯二酚阻止;被对二硝基苯部分阻止,碘苯未能捕获到氟烷基铜中间体。表明反应可能是单电子转移引发的自由基链式机理.3与二乙胺反应得高产率的反式氟烷基三甲基硅乙烯7. 3与氢氧化钾在乙醇中反应得到的是7及其顺式异构体的混合物,将混合物用少量的溴处理可得纯的反式烯烃。     

The reactions of perfluoroalkanesulfonyl bromide with hetero-atom substituted olefinic bonds

Perfluoroalkanesulfonyl bromides reacted with vinyl bromide, vinyl acetate and trimethyl vinyl silane to give the corresponding adducts with the evolution of SO₂. Perfluoroalkanesulfonyl bromide reacted with trimethyl silyl enol ether followed by hydrolysis to give the corresponding α-bromoketones and perfluoroalkanesulfinic acid. However, perfluoroalkanesulfonyl chlorides reacted with trimethyl silyl enol ether of pinacolone on UV irradiation to give the corresponding α-perfluoroalkyl derivatives of pinacolone. Under mild condition, perfluoroalkanesulfonyl bromide also brominated phenol and anisole to give the corresponding p-bromo derivatives. Sodium α, α-dichlorotrifluoroethanesulfinate reacted with bromine in water at 25°C to form α, α-dichlorotrifluoroethanesulfonyl bromide which was thermally less stable than but similar in reactivity to perfluoroalkanesulfonyl bromide.     

2-(N-三氟乙酰-N-三甲基硅烷基)氨基-3-三甲基硅烷氧基-羧酸三甲基硅烷酯和2-(N-三氟乙酰)-2,3-脱氢氨基酸的合成

利用三氟甲基磺酸三甲基硅烷酯, 我们合成了一种新的、化学活性很高的合成中间产物2-(N-三氟乙酰-N-三甲基硅烷基)氨基-1, 1-二(三甲基硅烷氧基)乙烯。脂肪醛或芳香醛发生碳碳成键的加成反应, 生成β碳原子上带有易离去基团三甲基硅烷氧基、N原子上带有保护基团三氟乙酰基的α氨基酸三甲基硅烷酯。消除反应得到了一个合成α、β脱氢氨基酸的可行途径。这类化合物是合成复杂多肽和肽生物碱的基元物。     

Living Cationic Polymerization of Vinyl Ethers through a Photoinduced Radical Oxidation/Addition/Deactivation Sequence

A new photoinitiating system for living cationic polymerization of vinyl ethers is reported. In the current approach, visible‐light irradiation of dimanganese decacarbonyl (Mn₂(CO)₁₀) in the presence of an alkyl bromide results in the formation of carbon‐centered radicals. The photochemically generated radicals were then oxidized by diphenyliodonium ions to the corresponding cations. These cations can add vinyl ether monomers, which are then rapidly deactivated by the bromide anions to give α‐halide functional end groups. Poly(vinyl ether) chains are then grown through successive photoinduced radical oxidation/addition/deactivation (PROAD) in a controlled manner. The living nature of the system is evaluated through kinetics studies and block copolymer formation.     

四氟乙烯齐聚体的反应 四氟乙烯四、五聚体和芳香胺的反应

前已报道四氟乙烯四聚体(全氟-3,4-甲基己烯-3)(1)、五聚体(全氟-3,4-二甲基-4-乙基己烯-2)(2)和脂肪烷氧以及脂肪胺的亲核反应.本文报道化合物1,2和芳香胺如苯胺、β-萘胺的反应.由于烯烃1、2双键处于分子中间,因而当亲核试剂进攻时,双键容易发生重排,生成的末端基烯烃更具反应性,故导致一取代、二取代、三取代以及环化降解等复杂产物.     

Synthesis and [2+4]cycloadditions of two 1-aza-1,3-butadiene-1-carbonitriles

3-Methyl- and 3-ethyl-1-aza-1,3-butadiene-1-carbonitriles were synthesized by reaction of the corresponding 3-alkylacroleins with bis(trimethylsilyl)-carbodiimide using titanium tetrachloride as catalyst. They were highly reactive and difficult to purify rigorously. Attempted anionic polymerizations gave only oligomers of molecular weight ∼500 Da. These 3-alkyl-azadienecarbonitriles cycloadded to the electron-rich olefins iso-butyl vinyl ether and p-methoxystyrene to give [2+4] cycloadducts with moderate yields.     

New synthesis of t-butyl arylpropiolates using diazo(trimethylsilyl)methylmagnesium bromide

Diazo(trimethylsilyl)methylmagnesium bromide smoothly reacted with t-butyl aryl(oxo)acetates to afford the corresponding arylpropiolates via alkylidenecarbene intermediates. In this reaction system, the magnesium bromide salt of trimethylsilyldiazomethane was significantly efficient compared to the lithium one, commonly known as a reagent for the conversion of aldehydes and aryl ketones into acetylenes.     

Synthesis of functional polymers bearing cyclic carbonate groups from (2-oxo-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl) methyl vinyl ether

(2-Oxo-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl) methyl vinyl ether (OVE) was synthesized with high yield by addition reaction of glycidyl vinyl ether with carbon dioxide using tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) as a catalyst. OVE was also prepared by reaction with β-butyrolactone or sodium hydrogencarbonate in the presence of TBAB as the catalyst. Poly [(2-oxo-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl) methyl vinyl ether] [P(OVE)] was obtained with high yield by cationic polymerization of OVE catalyzed using boron trifluoride diethyl ether complex in dichloromethane. Polymers bearing pendant 5-membered cyclic carbonate groups were also prepared by radical copolymerization of OVE with some electron-accepting monomers. Furthermore, addition reaction of P(OVE) with alkyl amines yielded the corresponding polymer having pendant 2-hydroxyethyl carbamate residue with high conversions. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Benzothiazoline derivatives. II. Preparation of N-substituted derivatives of 2-benzothiazolinethione by thiation of the 2-oxo analogs

Thuiation of the benzoate and acetate esters of 3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-benzothiazolinone (Ig) gave the corresponding thiones. The benzoate was then deblocked to yield 3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-benzothiazolinethione (Ik), a compound not accessible by direct addition or substitution. Attempts to introduce a chlorine (or bromine) atom in place of the hydroxy 1 group in the latter compound or its S-isomer, 2-(2-hydroxyethylthio)benzothiazole (11a), gave 2,3-dihydrothiazolo-[2,3-b ] benzothiazolium chloride (or bromide) (IIIa or b). The latter compound undergoes dihydrothiazolo ring opening when treated with sodium hydroxide or sodium sulfide to give bis[2-(2-benzolhiazolinon-,3-yl)ethyl]disulfide (IVc) or bis[2-(2-benzothiazolinethion-3-yl)ethyl] disulfide (lVb),respectively. 2-Benzothiazolinethione reacted with ethylenimine and with N-phenylethylenimine to give S-substituted derivatives. Addition to vinyl n-butyl ether gave the expected N-substituted derivative, which was found to undergo removal of the butyoxyethyl group when subjected to conventional conditions for ether cleavage.     

A new reactivity pattern for vinyl bromides: cine-substitution via palladium catalysed C-N coupling/Michael addition reactions

Palladium catalysed C-N bond formation can be used to convert vinyl bromides to the corresponding enamines, which are reacted in situ with alkylidene malonates to provide Michael adducts. The overall transformation results in cine-substitution of the starting vinyl bromide.