外腔锁相二极管激光列阵的超模

 利用耦合理论推导了通过外腔反馈实现锁相运行的激光二极管列阵所满足的本征值方程。在忽略非相邻单元间耦合的串联运行方式下，解析求解了包括端面反射的列阵方程的本征值。求出了各阶超模的近场分布，并得到了考虑单个发光单元影响时的远场分布，具体为：当列阵运行于基超模时，近场各个单元间的光场同相，在远场中心位置出现光强主极大；而在其它高阶模式，近场各个单元间光场不同相，远场光强主极大出现在中心位置两侧；远场总体受到单个发光单元近场分布函数的调制。     

利用外腔改善半导体激光器列阵的远场特性

采用一个由快轴准直透镜和一个高反射率平面镜组成的简单外腔,在腔长为几个cm时实现了半导体激光器列阵中部分单元的锁相运行;DLA远场出现了3个瓣,每瓣发散角为10 mrad左右,对比度为50%;通过控制部分单元的输出,可以抑制旁瓣的能量.     

体布拉格光栅外腔实现激光二极管阵列同相模输出

 采用体布拉格光栅作为商用二极管激光阵列外腔,通过将每个单元发出的光反馈回相邻单元实现了外腔锁相。采用这种方法对发光单元宽度为100 μm、周期为200 μm,由49个单元构成的二极管阵列进行了外腔锁相实验,在远场获得了高光束质量、窄带宽的稳定输出。二极管激光阵列自由运转下功率为15 W,经外腔锁相后输出功率为3.67 W,对应光束远场发散角1.47 mrad, 光谱的峰值半宽由1.7 nm压窄到0.17 nm。     

两路关联光纤激光器互注入锁相实验

基于角锥互注入锁相相干合成方案,利用光纤Bragg光栅（R=85％@1064nm）作为两路光纤激光器的共用腔镜,实现了两路光纤激光器相关联,进一步提高了激光的互注入能量。采用外腔结构,较容易实现了两路光纤激光器的能量互注入锁相。在实验上观察到了远场清晰稳定的干涉条纹（可见度超过0．8）,获得了功率合成效率约为80％的线偏振相干激光输出。     

大功率VCSEL三角列阵的空间相干性

由厄米-高斯光束理论和空间相干性定理出发,研究了大功率垂直腔面发射激光器(VCSEL)三角形列阵器件的光束质量和空间相干特性.采用二阶距法和空间相干度积分法得到980 nm波段VCSEL三角列阵器件的远场发散角和空间相干度,并讨论了列阵器件单元间距对其远场特性和空间相干特性的影响.实验结果表明:当三角列阵单元孔径为150 μm时,随着列阵单元间距由200 μm增大到300 μm,列阵器件的远场发散角由9.5°增加到12.5°,而其空间相干度由0.719减小到0.526.在相同注入电流条件下,3种列阵器件的出光功率基本相同.     

非对称补偿条形复合腔半导体激光器列阵

本文描述了一种新结构半导体激光器阵列——非对称补偿条形复合腔半导体激光器阵列.这种列阵是由7个或9个非对称半腔长交叉错开的条形电极形成7个或9个复合腔结构,光束在腔中以交叉的方式耦合.从该结构列阵得到了直到1.6I_(th)、发散角仅为3～4°的单瓣远场图样.     

二极管激光阵列在Talbot外腔中同相模的选择

 从理论和实验上对二极管激光阵列在Talbot外腔中的锁相进行了研究。在同相模和异相模近场分布的基础上，利用1维情况下的菲涅耳衍射公式计算了其远场分布。根据同相模和异相模在Talbot腔中的分布特性，采用1/2 Talbot腔并将外腔镜倾斜一个角度a的方法既能选择同相模，又能使模式的功率损耗最小。二极管激光阵列芯片采用CD金刚石材料,“三明治”结构对其进行封装，明显地减小了阵列的“smile”效应。在实验中实现了二极管激光阵列同相模的锁相输出，远场单瓣模的半高全宽为0.11 mm。     

半导体激光器列阵在外腔下的光谱特性

使用普通高反镜作为19个单元的半导体激光器列阵(LDA)的外腔,通过调节高反镜的位置和角度,使LDA发出的光反馈回有源层,从而压窄了输出光谱并降低了LDA的阈值电流.实验中,运行于外腔下的LDA在不同的驱动电流下的输出光谱均被压窄到了原来的1/10左右,阈值电流从7 A降到了5.5 A,并且在9 A的偏置电流下输出功率提高了2倍.     

采用多波长光束组合改善二极管激光阵列的光束质量

 基于多波长光束组合技术，利用光栅的衍射和外腔的反馈，将二极管阵列的发光单元锁定在不同的波长上，相邻单元的出射光波长有微小的差异。从外腔耦合镜输出近似平行的光束，其光束质量等同于单个发光单元的光束质量,而组合光束亮度随着组合光束个数定标放大。实验中采用发光单元宽度为100 μm、填充因子为0.5、由49个单元构成的1 cm 阵列获得功率为2.39 W的输出光束，其光谱宽度为27 nm，远场光斑的直径为0.08 mm，对应的远场发散角为1.2 mrad，其光束质量因子约为28，与单个发光单元的光束质量相当。     

一维激光阵列相干合束远场特性的研究

利用傅里叶光学方法,获得了相干合束远场光强的解析表达式,数值模拟和实验研究了一维锁相二极管激光阵列的相干合束远场特性。研究表明:随着参与合束的发光单元数目的增加,尖峰变锐;同相模的光能集中在更小的立体角内,使得相干合束的亮度增加;异相模的光束能量较为分散,其峰值光强有所降低。系统抖动引起远场峰值光强的降低,破坏了远场的对称性和光束质量。相干合束发光单元数目越多,系统抖动对远场的影响便可以忽略。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.