Asymptotic stability of finite energy in Navier Stokes-elastic wave interaction

We consider a model of fluid-structure interaction in a bounded domain Ω∈ℝ² where Ω is comprised of two open adjacent sub-domains occupied, respectively, by the solid and the fluid. This leads to a study of Navier Stokes equation coupled on the interface to the dynamic system of elasticity. The characteristic feature of this coupled model is that the resolvent is not compact and the energy function characterizing balance of the total energy is weakly degenerated. These combined with the lack of mechanical dissipation and intrinsic nonlinearity of the dynamics render the problem of asymptotic stability rather delicate. Indeed, the only source of dissipation is the viscosity effect propagated from the fluid via interface. It will be shown that under suitable geometric conditions imposed on the geometry of the interface, finite energy function associated with weak solutions converges to zero when the time t converges to infinity. The required geometric conditions result from the presence of the pressure acting upon the solid.     

Fully discrete energy stable scheme for a phase-field moving contact line model with variable densities and viscosities

In this study, we propose a fully discrete energy stable scheme for the phase-field moving contact line model with variable densities and viscosities. The mathematical model comprises a Cahn–Hilliard equation, Navier–Stokes equation, and the generalized Navier boundary condition for the moving contact line. A scalar auxiliary variable is employed to transform the governing system into an equivalent form, thereby allowing the double well potential to be treated semi-explicitly. A stabilization term is added to balance the explicit nonlinear term originating from the surface energy at the fluid–solid interface. A pressure stabilization method is used to decouple the velocity and pressure computations. Some subtle implicit–explicit treatments are employed to deal with convention and stress terms. We establish a rigorous proof of the energy stability for the proposed time-marching scheme. A finite difference method based on staggered grids is then used to spatially discretize the constructed time-marching scheme. We also prove that the fully discrete scheme satisfies the discrete energy dissipation law. Our numerical results demonstrate the accuracy and energy stability of the proposed scheme. Using our numerical scheme, we analyze the contact line dynamics based on a shear flow-driven droplet sliding case. Three-dimensional droplet spreading is also investigated based on a chemically patterned surface. Our numerical simulation accurately predicts the expected energy evolution and it successfully reproduces the expected phenomena where an oil droplet contracts inward on a hydrophobic zone and then spreads outward rapidly on a hydrophilic zone.     

On the Relation between Enhanced Dissipation Timescales and Mixing Rates

We study diffusion and mixing in different linear fluid dynamics models, mainly related to incompressible flows. In this setting, mixing is a purely advective effect that causes a transfer of energy to high frequencies. When diffusion is present, mixing enhances the dissipative forces. This phenomenon is referred to as enhanced dissipation, namely the identification of a timescale faster than the purely diffusive one. We establish a precise connection between quantitative mixing rates in terms of decay of negative Sobolev norms and enhanced dissipation timescales. The proofs are based on a contradiction argument that takes advantage of the cascading mechanism due to mixing, an estimate of the distance between the inviscid and viscous dynamics, and an optimization step in the frequency cutoff. Thanks to the generality and robustness of our approach, we are able to apply our abstract results to a number of problems. For instance, we prove that contact Anosov flows obey logarithmically fast dissipation timescales. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of a flow that induces an enhanced dissipation timescale faster than polynomial. Other applications include passive scalar evolution in both planar and radial settings and fractional diffusion. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Weak–strong uniqueness for heat conducting non-Newtonian incompressible fluids

In this work, we introduce a notion of dissipative weak solution for a system describing the evolution of a heat-conducting incompressible non-Newtonian fluid. This concept of solution is based on the balance of entropy instead of the balance of energy and has the advantage that it admits a weak–strong uniqueness principle, justifying the proposed formulation. We provide a proof of existence of solutions based on finite element approximations, thus obtaining the first convergence result of a numerical scheme for the full evolutionary system including temperature dependent coefficients and viscous dissipation terms. Then we proceed to prove the weak–strong uniqueness property of the system by means of a relative energy inequality.     

Boundary feedback stabilization of a coupled parabolic–hyperbolic Stokes–Lamé PDE system

We consider a parabolic–hyperbolic coupled system of two partial differential equations (PDEs), which governs fluid–structure interactions, and which features a suitable boundary dissipation term at the interface between the two media. The coupled system consists of Stokes flow coupled to the Lamé system of dynamic elasticity, with the respective dynamics being coupled on a boundary interface, where dissipation is introduced. Such a system is semigroup well-posed on the natural finite energy space (Avalos and Triggiani in Discr Contin Dynam Sys, to appear). Here we prove that, moreover, such semigroup is uniformly (exponentially) stable in the corresponding operator norm, with no geometrical conditions imposed on the boundary interface. This result complements the strong stability properties of the undamped case (Avalos and Triggiani in Discr Contin Dynam Sys, to appear). R. Triggiani’s research was partially supported by National Science Foundation under grant DMS-0104305 and by the Army Research Office under grant DAAD19-02-1-0179.     

Chaos in dissipative relativistic standard maps

The relativistic generalization of the dissipative standard map is introduced, based on the problem of acceleration and heating (or cooling) of charged particles in the electric field of an electromagnetic wave packet. The question arises as to how the relativistic effects change the nonlinear dynamics described by a dissipative standard map. It is shown that the dissipation modifies the positions of the fixed points, but the origin (the central point) remains identical with that of the corresponding Hamiltonian system. However, the phase-space structure around the origin is drastically modified even if a small dissipation is present. The formation of an “ordered” stochastic structure which is not washed out (in the stochastic sea) for longer times shows that the phase mixing is weak and the nonuniformity of the stochastic acceleration increases because of the dissipation. A new type of stochastic attractor of a higher order is found by numerical simulations. In the context of a scaling-law hypothesis (or renormalization group approach), the transition stochastic sea (high acceleration of relativistic particles)–stochastic attractor (low acceleration) is similar to a Bose–Einstein condensation (or, simply, a condensation gas–liquid) at low temperatures, the dissipative parameter being the control parameter for such a transition. The dissipation parameter can also be considered as a time (aging) parameter of the system, and this may have some applications in biological systems. A Frenkel–Kontorova model of the dissipative relativistic standard map (DRSM) and possible applications to “incommensurate fractals” and lattice dynamics of thermoelectric materials are also considered.     

Derivation of effective interface conditions for reaction-diffusion equations

We address the derivation of effective interface conditions for reaction-diffusion systems. The considered system is defined in a domain containing a thin layer that shrinks to the interface when its thickness ε tends to zero. The evolution of the system can be written in the form of an energy balance involving an energy and a dissipation functional. Using the Mosco convergence of the dual of the dissipation functional for ε → 0 it is possible to do a limit passage in the energy balance and obtain a limit system that describes the evolution on the interface. (© 2011 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

The influence of dissipative and constant forces on the form and stability of steady motions of mechanical systems with cyclic coordinates

Mechanical systems with cyclic coordinates subject to dissipative forces with complete dissipation and constant forces applied only to the cyclic variables are considered. Problems of the existence of steady motions in such systems and the conditions for their stability are discussed. It is shown, in particular, that if the Rayleigh function is proportional to the kinetic energy, the stability conditions for the steady motions of the system are the same as or (under certain assumptions) similar to such conditions for steady motions of a corresponding conservative system. The example of a physical pendulum is used to show that such conclusions are generally false: dissipative and constant forces may cause destabilization of stable motions of the system.     

Modeling of a Hamiltonian conservative chaotic system and its mechanism routes from periodic to quasiperiodic,chaos and strong chaos

In this paper, the important role of 3D Euler equation playing in forced-dissipative chaotic systems is reviewed. In mathematics, rigid-body dynamics, the structure of symplectic manifold, and fluid dynamics, building a four-dimensional (4D) Euler equation is essential. A 4D Euler equation is proposed by combining two generalized Euler equations of 3D rigid bodies with two common axes. In chaos-based secure communications, generating a Hamiltonian conservative chaotic system is significant for its advantage over the dissipative chaotic system in terms of ergodicity, distribution of probability, and fractional dimensions. Based on the proposed 4D Euler equation, a 4D Hamiltonian chaotic system is proposed. Through proof, only center and saddle equilibrium lines exist, hence it is not possible to produce asymptotical attractor generated from the proposed conservative system. An analytic form of Casimir power demonstrates that the breaking of Casimir energy conservation is the key factor that the system produces the aperiodic orbits: quasiperiodic orbit and chaos. The system has strong pseudo-randomness with a large positive Lyapunov exponent (more than 10 K), and a large state amplitude and energy. The bandwidth for the power spectral density of the system is 500 times that of both existing dissipative and conservative systems. The mechanism routes from quasiperiodic orbits to chaos is studied using the Hamiltonian energy bifurcation and Poincaré map. A circuit is implemented to verify the existence of the conservative chaos.     

Optimal nonlinear feedback control of quasi-Hamiltonian systems

An innovative strategy for optimal nonlinear feedback control of linear or nonlinear stochastic dynamic systems is proposed based on the stochastic averaging method for quasi-Hamiltonian systems and stochastic dynamic programming principle. Feedback control forces of a system are divided into conservative parts and dissipative parts. The conservative parts are so selected that the energy distribution in the controlled system is as requested as possible. Then the response of the system with known conservative control forces is reduced to a controlled diffusion process by using the stochastic averaging method. The dissipative parts of control forces are obtained from solving the stochastic dynamic programming equation. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 19672054) and Cao Guangbiao High Science and Technology Development Foundation of Zhejiang University.     

平面不可压缩Navier-Stokes方程五模系统的力学机理及能量演化

该文研究了平面不可压缩Navier-Stokes方程五模系统的力学机理及能量演化问题,通过将五模混沌系统转换成Kolmogorov形系统,把系统的力矩分为三种类型:惯性力矩,耗散力矩和外力矩.通过不同力矩的结合分析和研究了系统产生混沌的关键因素和物理意义.讨论了能量与雷诺数之间的关系.研究表明三种力矩的耦合是产生混沌的必要条件,而且只有耗散力矩和驱动力矩(外力矩)相匹配时,系统才能产生混沌,其中任何两种力矩耦合均不可能产生混沌.外力矩给系统提供能量,导致系统失稳出现分岔与混沌.引进Casimir函数分析系统的动力学行为和能量演化,并估计混沌吸引子的界.Casimir函数反映了能量转换和轨道与平衡点间的距离.     

Energy Minimization Problem in Two-Level Dissipative Quantum Control: Meridian Case

We analyze the energy-minimizing problem for a two-level dissipative quantum system described by the Kossakowsky–Lindblad equation. According to the Pontryagin maximum principle (PMP), minimizers can be selected among normal and abnormal extremals whose dynamics are classified according to the values of the dissipation parameters. Our aim is to improve our previous analysis from [5] concerning 2D solutions in the case where the Hamiltonian dynamics are integrable.     

Dissipative/conservative Galerkin method using discrete partial derivatives for nonlinear evolution equations

A new method is proposed for designing Galerkin schemes that retain the energy dissipation or conservation properties of nonlinear evolution equations such as the Cahn–Hilliard equation, the Korteweg–de Vries equation, or the nonlinear Schrödinger equation. In particular, as a special case, dissipative or conservative finite-element schemes can be derived. The key device there is the new concept of discrete partial derivatives. As examples of the application of the present method, dissipative or conservative Galerkin schemes are presented for the three equations with some numerical experiments.     

关于连接梁的最优衰减率问题

研究具有耗散结点的连接梁的最优指数衰减率问题,该系统由于能量的衰减而导致弯矩在结点处间断,我们的方法是证明系统的一组广义征元生成状态空间的Riesz基,从而证明最优指数衰减率可由系统的谱确定。     

Energy estimates for reaction-diffusion processes of charged species

We consider electro-reaction-diffusion systems consisting of continuity equations for a finite number of species coupled with a Poisson equation. We take into account heterostructures, anisotropic materials and rather general statistical relations. We investigate thermodynamic equilibria and prove for solutions to the evolution system the monotone and exponential decay of the free energy to its equilibrium value. Here the essential idea is an estimate of the free energy by the dissipation rate. The same properties are obtained for a fully implicit time discretized version of the problem. Moreover, we provide a space discretized scheme for the electro-reaction-diffusion system which is dissipative (the free energy decays monotonously). (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Multi-parametric optimizations for power dissipation characteristics of Stockbridge dampers based on probability distribution of wind speed

Power dissipation characteristics of Stockbridge dampers (SD) is one of the important indexes in anti-vibration work of transmission line. The study focuses on the optimization of the SD's power dissipation characteristics under the effect of multi-structure parameter coupling. The aeolian vibration of overhead transmission lines is uncertain and random in stochastic dynamics. According to Strouhal formula, the relationship between the vibration frequency of transmission lines and wind speed can be found out. Based on the Weibull wind speed probability distribution, the probability density function of the transmission line conductor and damper coupling system vibration frequency is derived. The SD is considered as a typical 2-dimension of stochastic dynamical system. Based on the random process generated by the power dissipation of the SD, the characteristics of power dissipation and SD's resonant frequencies are analyzed when the multi-structure parameters of the SD are coupled. And the diagrams of the power dissipation at various frequencies are obtained.Based on the probability density function of the vibration frequency of the overhead conductor and damper, the objective function, namely the mathematical expectation of power dissipation (E(PD)), of the optimizations for the SD's power dissipation under the coupling of multiple structural parameters is proposed for the first time according to the author's knowledge. Constraint conditions of the optimizations are built by the quantization processing. The energy dissipation characteristics of the dampers can be evaluated by E(PD), and the power dissipation of SD with different coupled dual structure parameters is optimized based on the proposed method. The optimal values or the optimal value intervals of different coupled dual structure parameters are found, which may provide practical data.     

Boundary stabilization of structural acoustic interactions with interface on a Reissner–Mindlin plate

Boundary stabilization of a structural acoustic model comprised of a wave and a Reissner–Mindlin plate is addressed. Both the components of the dynamics are subject to localized nonlinear boundary damping: the acoustic dissipative feedback is restricted to the flexible boundary and only a portion of the rigid wall; the plate is damped only on a segment of its edge.Derivation of stabilization/observability inequalities for a coupled system requires weighted energy multipliers dependent on the geometry of the domain, and special microlocal trace estimates for the Reissner–Mindlin plate. The behavior of the energy at infinity can be quantified by a solution to an explicitly constructed nonlinear ODE. The nonlinearities in the feedbacks may include sub- and superlinear growth at infinity, in which case the decay scheme presents a trade-off between the regularity of trajectories and attainable uniform dissipation rates of the finite energy.     

Higher-order energy consistent time integrators for nonlinear thermoviscoelastodynamics

An advantage of the temporal fe method is that higher-order accurate time integrators can be constructed easily. A further important advantage is the inherent energy consistency if applied to equations of motion. The temporal fe method is therefore used to construct higher-order energy-momentum conserving time integrators for nonlinear elastodynamics (see Ref. [1]). Considering finite motions of a flexible solid body with internal dissipation, an energy consistent time integration is also of great advantage (see the references [2, 3]). In this paper, we show that an energy consistent time integration is also advantageous for dynamics with dissipation arising from conduction of heat as well as from a viscous material. The energy consistency is preserved by using a new enhanced hybrid Galerkin (ehG) method. The obtained numerical schemes satisfy the energy balance exactly, independent of their accuracy and the used time step size. This guarantees numerical stability. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)