基于回归正交试验的赤泥基固化剂改良粉质粘土水稳定性研究

通过水稳定性试验,采用二次回归正交设计建立多因素交互作用下土凝岩改良粉质粘土水稳系数的简化预报模型,并对各敏感因素进行逐步回归分析,明确影响土凝岩改良粉质粘土水稳定性敏感因素的量化指标.基于试验条件,结果表明:影响土凝岩改良粉质粘土水稳定性的因素权重依次为压实度0.414、掺量与压实度交互作用0.342、掺量0.147、养护龄期0.034;土凝岩掺量和压实度的交互作用较为明显,实际工程中应综合考虑固化剂掺量和压实度的影响;养护龄期对水稳定性影响较小,因此应重点做好路基前期养护工作;建立了土凝岩改良粉质粘土水稳系数的简化预报模型,并通过与实测值进行对比验证了模型的准确性,为固化剂改良土水稳定性的研究提供了一种简洁的方法.     

基于坐标平移法的正常固结非饱和土三剪弹塑性本构模型

采用单应力变量法和双应力变量法建立了非饱和土的三剪统一强度准则,在此基础上用坐标平移法分别推导了相应的破坏应力比.将所得破坏应力比与非饱和土修正Cambridge模型进行结合,分别建立了单应力变量及双应力变量下的正常固结非饱和土三剪弹塑性本构模型,并对其做了ABAQUS二次开发.以南昌非饱和重塑红土为研究对象,分别对其做了非饱和土三轴固结排水试验验证、真三轴固结排水试验模拟,并研究了中间主应力影响系数b和基质吸力s对重力式挡土墙计算模型的影响.计算结果表明:所提的2种本构模型在三轴固结排水试验中均能很好地描述正常固结非饱和土的变形特性,且双应力变量下采用坐标平移法的模拟结果相对更为接近真实试验结果;在真三轴固结排水试验模拟中,采用双应力变量法相对单应力变量法所得偏应力和体应变偏大,随着中间主应力影响系数b增大,2种本构模型的偏应力和体应变也会随之增大;双应力变量下的重力式挡土墙计算模型更为稳定,随着中间主应力影响系数b或基质吸力s的增大,挡土墙模型土体位移相应减小,而墙后土体强度及稳定性相应增大.     

中心分布压力作用下圆底扁球壳的变形和稳定性*

本文研究圆底扁薄球壳在中心分布压力作用下的轴对称大挠度变形和稳定性.提出了求解圆底扁球壳非线性方程的牛顿-样条函数方法.分别讨论了当几何参数λ固定时,载荷作用半径的变化对壳体失稳的影响,以及当载荷作用半径固定时,几何参数λ的变化对壳体稳定性的影响.分析了临界载荷曲线与屈曲模式之间的关系.并就v=0.3的情形给出了数值分析结果.     

刚性挡墙绕底转动时的非极限主动土压力数值解北大核心CSCD

刚性挡土墙在下部受限时往往呈现绕墙底转动的位移模式,该模式下不同深度土体所处非极限状态不同,给土压力计算带来了困难.在已有研究基础上,推导了适用于绕墙底转动模式下土体强度参数与墙体位移的函数关系;假定墙后土体形成圆弧形土拱,滑裂面为不确定的曲面,将墙后土体按小步长水平分层,构建了绕墙底转动模式下非极限主动土压力的数值迭代格式,给出了该模式下非极限主动土压力的数值计算方法.该数值解既能确定墙后滑裂面的形状,又能计算非极限主动土压力的强度、合力及作用点.将数值解与模型试验结果、现有解析解进行了对比,发现墙后滑裂面为一曲面,该解计算结果与模型试验结果的契合度比现有解析解更高.这提供了刚性挡土墙绕底转动时非极限主动土压力的更精确解答,对这类挡土墙设计具有现实指导价值.     

企业受金融危机影响的数学模型

在各种不同的背景下,建立了一系列企业受金融危机影响的微分方程模型,应用微分方程稳定性理论研究了企业受金融危机影响的变化规律及其稳定性.改进了最近的一些结果.     

两部门的时滞经济增长模型

本文考虑了存在生产滞后的 Furuno两部门经济增长模型 .给出了此模型资本 -劳动比 k的稳定性和振荡性 ,分析了生产周期时滞对 k稳定性区域的影响 .进一步利用 Hopf分支的方法讨论了 Furuno模型存在周期轨道的条件 .     

低维宏观交通流模型的稳定性和分岔分析

交通流模型的分岔点对应临界的交通状态,对研究交通流的稳定性具有重要的理论意义.为了分析宏观交通流模型的分岔特征,通过对低维宏观交通流模型的求解得到两个平衡点,并讨论了其稳定性,发现该模型存在一个跨临界分岔点.数值仿真验证了结论的正确性,并且在一定条件下,通过改变响应时间会影响到最终的平衡状态.     

一类具有Allee影响的捕食者-食饵扩散系统研究

讨论一类具有Allee影响的捕食者-食饵扩散模型解的整体性态.通过线性化方法和Lyapunov泛函方法分别证明了该模型正平衡点的局部渐近稳定性和全局渐近稳定性.     

一类半离散非线性时滞种群模型的稳定性

自然界的物种不是孤立存在的,考虑外来物种对种群的影响,增加一个额外的强迫力τ(t)是符合实际的.推导了一个带常数扰动项的半离散非线性时滞种群模型,研究了它的稳定性.研究结果显示,模型的零解为鞍点,而在某些参数条件下,模型的正平衡点具有局部渐进稳定性.     

人体体循环输入阻抗的T-Y型管模型*

本文提出了模拟人体体循环输入阻抗的T－Y型管模型,它是O'Rourke[1]提出的,柳兆荣等[2]发展的非对称T型管模型的改进和推广.我们在非对称T型管基础上加添了代表人体两条腿的倒Y字型分叉管,从而形成了T－Y型模型,同时将模型中所有分支管都处理成具有纵向约束的粘弹性管,上肢终端小动脉床采用弹性腔模型,下肢终端小动脉床则采用传统的纯阻力形式.选取了适当参数值后,计算了正常生理情形下和高血压病理情形下的人体体循环的输入阻抗.结果显示理论模拟值和实测结果无论是生理情形或是病理情形都有良好的符合程度.T－Y型管模型比非对称T型管模型更接近人体体循环的生理结构.同时又比过份复杂的多重分叉管模型简单明了得多,因此在考察各种参数对升主动脉输入阴抗的影响.研究心室和血管的耦合机制中将是一个有实用价值的模型.     

Numerical study of the stability of breakwater built on a sloped porous seabed under tsunami loading

Strong earthquake induced huge tsunami has occurred for three times in Pacific ocean in recent ten years; for example, the tsunami triggered by the Sumatra earthquake in 2004, Chile earthquake in 2010 and Tohoku earthquake (Japan) in 2011. Tsunami carrying huge energy always would bring high risks to the population living near to coastline. Breakwater is widely used to dissipate the wave energy, and protect coastline and ports. However, they are vulnerable when being attacked by tsunami wave. At present, the interaction mechanism between tsunami, breakwater and its seabed foundation is not fully understood. In this study, the dynamics and stability of a breakwater under the attacking of tsunami wave is investigated by adopting an integrated model PORO-WSSI 2D, in which the VARANS equation for wave motion, and the Biot’s dynamic equation for soil are used. Based on the numerical results, it is found that offshore breakwater interacts intensively with tsunami wave when it overtopping and overflowing over a breakwater. The impact force on the lateral side of breakwater applied by tsunami wave is huge. The shear failure is likely to occur in the seabed foundation of breakwater. The liquefaction is unlikely to occur due to the fact that there is basically no upward seepage force in seabed foundation in the process of tsunami wave passing through the breakwater.     

On the numerical solution of an integro-differential equation arising from wave-power hydraulics

A convergence analysis is presented for an implicit linear multistep method for solving integro-differential equations associated with multivalued maximal monotone mappings with special reference to an equation describing the wave induced motion of a body damped by Coulomb friction.     

Semi-analytical modelling of cracks with interacting faces in isotropic materials under harmonic load

The present work is devoted to the investigation of the contact interaction of the faces of cracks located in the homogeneous, isotropic, linearly elastic 3-D medium under a harmonic loading. The Signorini contact constraints are imposed and the friction is governed by the Coulomb law. The problem is solved by the method of the boundary integral equations with the use of the iterative procedure. The dependence of the stress intensity factors on the friction coefficient and parameters of the incident wave parameters (frequency, angle of incidence, etc.) is studied. Numerical results are compared with those obtained without allowance for the contact interaction. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

An investigation of the impact and penetration of solids of revolution into soft earth

The numerical method proposed earlier in [1] is developed to solve problems of the impact and penetration of rigid and deformable bodies of revolution into soft soil, which are described by Grigoryan's model [2]. The effect of the surface Coulomb friction, the bulk compressibility and the shear strength of soft soil on the forces of resistance and contact pressures in the contact zone is analysed. The results of numerical solutions of problems in a coherent formulation are compared with analytical relations and experimental data on the determination of the forces and coefficients of resistance to the penetration of impactors of different shapes into soft soil.     

On the Influence of High-Frequency Excitation on Systems with Dynamic Friction

By imposing high-frequency vibrations to a system, the characteristics of dry friction for low sliding velocities can be smoothed and, consequently, undesired friction induced phenomena such as stick-slip motion can be quenched. Many studies have been published so far, most of them focussing on the reduction of friction between metal surfaces and using classical Coulomb friction models. Within this contribution the effect of high-frequency excitation on dry friction taking into account dynamic friction models will be discussed. To this end, the friction law suggested by Dahl is used and the resulting friction characteristics are compared to those obtained for the classical Coulomb friction model. Using Dahl's friction model, a reduction of the smoothing effect is observed. (© 2014 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

A fully coupled method for simulation of wave-current-seabed systems

Coastal flow involves surface wave propagation, current circulation, and seabed evolution, and its prediction remains challenging when they strongly interact with each other, especially during extreme events such as tsunami and storm surge. We propose a fully coupled method to simulate motion of wave-current-seabed systems and associated multiphysics phenomena. The wave action equation, the shallow water equations, and the Exner equation are respectively used for wave, current, and seabed morphology, and the discretization is based on a second-order, flux-limiter, finite difference scheme previously developed for current-seabed systems. The proposed method is tested with analytical solutions, laboratory measurements, and numerical solutions obtained with other schemes. Its advantages are demonstrated in capturing interplay among wave, current, and seabed; it has the capability of first-order upwind schemes to suppress artificial oscillations as well as the accuracy of second-order schemes in resolving flow structures.     

Sufficient conditions of non‐uniqueness for the Coulomb friction problem

We consider the Signorini problem with Coulomb friction in elasticity. Sufficient conditions of non‐uniqueness are obtained for the continuous model. These conditions are linked to the existence of real eigenvalues of an operator in a Hilbert space. We prove that, under appropriate conditions, real eigenvalues exist for a non‐local Coulomb friction model. Finite element approximation of the eigenvalue problem is considered and numerical experiments are performed. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Stabilization of sliding motion by partial stiction

Rotating friction disks are utilized in many drivetrain components such as dry clutches and their actuator systems. Even the simplest pin-on-disk or disk-on-disk mechanical systems with Coulomb friction reveal a rich dynamical behavior with different types of motions. Examining the radial dynamics of minimal friction disk models, it is a prevalent assumption to have pure sliding frictional contacts. Governed by the systems' design parameters and initial conditions, stable large amplitude motions at higher rotation speeds are possible. Using a Coulomb friction model with sticking and sliding instead, gives similar motions with alternating phases of sticking and sliding. However, the amplitude can be decreased significantly by these intermittent phases of stick and slip. It is suggested to exploit such motions with partial stiction in order to reduce amplitudes and thus stabilize the systems. Similar effects can be observed in 3D-multibody simulations and measurements of double clutch actuator systems. However, for these systems analytical treatment is not feasible any more due to the number of involved degrees of freedom. (© 2010 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Influence of viscous damping on friction induced travelling waves

We investigate the influence of viscous damping on the shape and stability of travelling waves induced by Coulomb friction between a rotating rigid shaft and an annular elastic cylinder. As expected, the damping causes the travelling wave solutions to become smoother and more stable. It also decreases the amplitude and range of separation solutions and may destroy the travelling waves by grazing bifurcations at large values of the damping parameters. (© 2012 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

On the Effect of Contact Compliance on Vibrational Smoothing of Dry Friction

High-frequency vibrations may be utilized in order to smooth the characteristics of dry friction at low sliding velocities and, consequently, quench undesired friction induced phenomena. Many studies have been published so far, most of them using classical Coulomb friction models and yielding compact results. Unfortunately, the agreement with related experimental results is insufficient. As the Coulomb model overestimates the smoothing effect, improved modelling seems to be necessary. Based on Dahl's friction model, the effect of longitudinal and transverse high-frequency vibrations on a 1-DoF-friction oscillator is investigated here. Accounting for contact compliance, a reduction of the smoothing effect is observed. (© 2015 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)