傅里叶望远镜外场实验与结果分析

为了分析外场环境因素对傅里叶望远镜成像质量的影响和验证成像过程不受下行链路大气扰动影响的特点,开展了傅里叶望远镜外场实验研究.外场实验在室内实验的发射光学系统的基础上增加了主镜、次镜和会聚透镜组对目标散射光进行3次会聚仿真实际系统的成像过程,同时将目标与主镜、主镜与次镜分别拉开100 m距离验证成像系统不受下行链路大气扰动影响的特点.实验利用胶片打印的2种不同的卫星图片作为目标,获得了Strehl值分别为0.44、0.39的无大气扰动的外场重构图像和Strehl值分别为0.43、0.38的含大气扰动的外场重构图像.通过比较外场重构图像与室内重构图像的Strehl值,得出发射光学系统中光束的振动对成像有较大影响.分析发现无大气扰动外场重构图像与含大气扰动外场重构图像的Strehl值相近,从而验证傅里叶望远镜成像过程不受下行链路大气扰动的影响.     

激光大气传输湍流扰动仿真技术

为了研究激光大气传输时湍流效应对激光应用技术的影响,对湍流扰动的仿真进行了分析。介绍了在实验室内进行激光大气传输湍流扰动研究的数值仿真技术和仿真系统。阐述了快速傅里叶变换（FFT）和Zernike多项式两种湍流扰动数值仿真方法,并且对比了两种方法的优劣。利用物理相位屏搭建了实物湍流仿真系统,介绍了其理论模型并进行了仿真实验,对激光经湍流系统传输后的光强能量分布进行了研究分析。结果显示,室内湍流仿真系统能够准确地模拟弱起伏条件下湍流对激光传输的影响。     

湍流大气成像系统长曝光传递函数的研究

采用傅里叶变换法对在Kolmogorov谱大气湍流下望远镜的长曝光成像进行了模拟,给出了湍流大气成像系统长曝光传递函数的数值模拟方法,求出了在此情况下的长曝光传递函数。给出了大气湍流在Kolmogorov谱假设下成像系统长曝光传递函数的理论值。基于空间目标为点目标的假设,提出了一种湍流大气成像系统长曝光传递函数的测量方法。对由三种方法获取的大气湍流长曝光传递函数进行了比对分析。结果表明,由三种方法获取的大气湍流长曝光传递函数基本上是一致的,由傅里叶变换法模拟和实际测量得到的传递函数是合理的。     

傅里叶望远镜外场实验与结果分析

为了分析外场环境因素对傅里叶望远镜成像质量的影响和验证成像过程不受下行链路大气扰动影响的特点,开展了傅里叶望远镜外场实验研究.外场实验在室内实验的发射光学系统的基础上增加了主镜、次镜和会聚透镜组对目标散射光进行3次会聚仿真实际系统的成像过程,同时将目标与主镜、主镜与次镜分别拉开100 m距离验证成像系统不受下行链路大气...     

湍流大气中激光传输对傅里叶望远镜成像质量的影响

针对傅里叶望远镜系统激光在湍流大气中传输造成的成像质量下降,分析了湍流对光束传输特性的影响,指出成像质量的下降主要来自于上行传输链路中湍流造成的光束漂移与光束扩展,从而产生光束指向误差。分析了指向误差影响成像的机理。通过数值计算得出了不同强度湍流造成整条上行链路光束指向误差,并通过系统仿真,得到了不同强度大气湍流条件下的成像结果。结果显示:在弱湍流与中湍流条件下（大气折射率结构常数小于10-14 m-2/3）,随机指向误差较小(偏移比小于0.06),复原图像有较好的识别性;在强湍流条件下,成像质量下降严重。因此系统应选择避开强湍流地理位置与时段进行工作。     

激光光强扰动对相干场成像降质影响理论研究

激光相干场成像系统发射多束激光,经大气传输对远程目标成像,大气湍流引起的激光束光强扰动是影响成像质量的一个关键因素.本文从湍流引起的激光束光强扰动对回波解调信号的影响关系入手,建立了激光回波光强扰动因子对相位闭合系数和成像频谱分量的降质传函理论模型;基于三光束激光相干场成像系统仿真验证了理论模型的有效性.研究表明激光相干场成像频谱分量和成像像质主要受三光束相位闭合求解算法中第二光束光强扰动影响.该研究揭示了激光回波光强扰动对成像像质的影响机理,对于分析大气湍流等引起的光强扰动降质效应和合理分配多光束光强稳定性以提高成像质量具有理论指导意义.     

傅里叶望远镜外场实验性能改进和结果分析

为了实现对傅里叶望远镜成像系统更接近实际的仿真,改进了外场实验系统结构。采用反射式目标,利用准直扩束镜替代空间滤波器和准直透镜,使用大靶面电荷耦合器件作为监视器。在无大气和包含200m水平大气两种情况下,分别对2.5mm的4种不同空间频谱分布目标进行实验。实验选用9×9,17×17,33×33和65×65傅里叶分量分别进行重构。最高成像角分辨率为3.5″。结果表明含大气与无大气重构结果的Strehl比值相近,从而证明傅里叶望远镜成像系统能够克服下行链路低阶大气扰动的影响。     

大气湍流对航空光电侦察图像质量影响因素分析北大核心CSCD

大气湍流效应是严重影响航空光电侦察系统图像质量的重要因素之一。从大气湍流参数描述出发,研究了大气湍流对光学系统成像质量的影响机理,分析了大气湍流影响光学系统调制传递函数(modulation transfer function,MTF)的影响因素,建立了大气湍流影响光学系统成像MTF的理论模型。仿真结果表明,在大气湍流影响下,光学系统光瞳口径与大气相干直径的比值对光学系统成像MTF影响较大。通过光学系统地面外场实验图像测试对比,验证了实际光学系统受到大气湍流影响后的成像MTF理论模型。研究结果可为大气湍流影响下的航空光电侦察系统设计及提升其成像质量提供理论支持。     

天文图像空域重建新方法：迭代位移叠加法

在天文斑点成像中 ,基于斑点图中一个新的位移基准点———目标的自相关极大值点 ,提出了一种在空间域中重建天文图像的迭代位移叠加法 (ISA法 ) ,它能有效地消除大气湍流影响 ,实现望远镜衍射受限分辨率天文成像。在阐述了该方法的基本原理之后 ,给出了一些天文目标的像复原实验     

基于深度相位估计网络的涡旋光束相位校正

大气湍流会引起涡旋光束（VB）的相位畸变和模态扩散,造成湍流介质中通信性能下降。提出基于深度相位估计网络的拉盖尔-高斯（LG）光束相位补偿方法,以提高模态检测准确度,即通信的可靠性。分别利用使用和不使用高斯光作为探测光束两种方案进行学习,在光强图像与大气湍流引起的扰动相位之间建立映射关系,在接收端依据接收到的光强图像,预测湍流引起的扰动相位并进行相位校正。结果表明,所提深度网络能够较准确地实现相位预测,经补偿后,光束模态纯度达到95%以上,补偿后光强图像与发送端光强图像之间的均方误差明显减小。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.