支持向量回归-分光光度法对苯酚、苯胺和苯甲酸的同时测定

用支持向量回归(SVR)结合分光光度法对苯酚、苯胺、苯甲酸进行了同时测定.在230～300 nm的波长范围内,用SVR方法建立校正模型,用留一交叉验证的方法优化SVR方法建模,并对苯酚、苯胺、苯甲酸的模拟样品进行了测定.苯酚、苯胺、苯甲酸的预测结果的回收率在98.1%～101.1%之间.     

支持向量回归—铬天青S分光光度法同时测定Fe~(3+)和Al~(3+)

在溴化十六烷基三甲胺(CTMAB)和丙酮存在的条件下,于波长500~750 nm范围内,测定Fe3 、Al3 和铬天青S(CAS)显色体系的吸光度,用连续小波变换(CWT)对光谱数据进行预处理,再用支持向量回归(SVR)建模,建立了连续小波变换-支持向量回归方法(CWT-SVR)。方法用于模拟水样中Fe3 和Al3 的同时测定,结果满意。     

支持向量回归-铬天青 S 分光光度法同时测定 Fe3 和 Al3

在溴化十六烷基三甲胺(CTMAB)和丙酮存在的条件下,于波长500～750 nm范围内,测定Fe3 、 Al3 和铬天青S(CAS)显色体系的吸光度,用连续小波变换(CWT)对光谱数据进行预处理,再用支持向量回归(SVR)建模,建立了连续小波变换-支持向量回归方法(CWT-SVR).方法用于模拟水样中Fe3 和 Al3 的同时测定,结果满意.     

支持向量回归同时测定苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸的研究

在波长200~400 nm范围内,测定酪氨酸、色氨酸和苯丙氨酸混合体系的吸光度,用连续小波变换(CWT)对光谱数据进行预处理,再用支持向量回归(SVR)方法进行建模,建立了支持向量回归紫外分光光度法同时测定酪氨酸、色氨酸和苯丙氨酸的方法,用所建方法对模拟样品进行了测定。结果表明,酪氨酸、色氨酸和苯丙氨酸预测结果的回收率在98%~102%之间,测定结果准确。     

用四种离散变换主组分回归方法分辨重叠吸收光谱

将离散小波变换、小波包变换、傅里叶变换和离散余弦变换与主组分回归方法结合构成4种离散变换主组分回归方法,编制了离散变换主组分回归方法的计算程序。将离散变换主组分回归方法用于处理对硝基甲苯、对硝基酚和对硝基苯胺混合物的重叠紫外吸收光谱数据。结果表明,离散变换主组分回归方法优于主组分回归方法,试样质量浓度的预测值与实际值的相对预测标准误差由3.81%降至约1.11%。     

连续小波变换-独立成分回归算法及其在多组分分析中的应用

采用连续小波变换（CWT）对光谱数据进行处理，用独立成分分析（ICA）进行特征提取，再用回归分析方法对被测组分进行测定，建立了连续小波变换一独立成分回归（CWT-ICR）方法。方法用于肉样品中水分、脂肪和蛋白质多组分的同时测定，所得结果与化学法测得结果相符。     

支持向量回归分光光度法同时测定胭脂红与果绿含量

在波长300～600 nm范围内,测定胭脂红和果绿混合体系的吸光度,用支持向量回归(SVR)方法进行建模,建立了支持向量回归分光光度法同时测定胭脂红和果绿的方法,并用该法对模拟样品进行测定.结果表明,模拟样品中胭脂红和果绿的平均回收率分别是97.645%和100.895%,结果令人满意.     

小波包变换潜变量回归分辨重叠的紫外光谱

采用小波包变换潜变量回归(WPLVR)方法,同时测定联苯、苯酚和邻苯二酚。该法结合小波包变换和潜变量回归改进除噪质量。通过最佳化,选择了小波函数及小波包分解水平(L)。编制了两个程序PWPLVR和PFTLVR进行WPLVR和付立叶变换潜变量回归(FTLVR)法计算。试验结果表明WPLVR法是成功的且优于FTLVR法。     

支持向量回归同时测定维生素B混合物的研究

用支持向量回归方法(SVR)建立校正模型,并对维生素B1、B2和B6的模拟样品进行测定。结果表明,维生素B1、B2和B6预测结果的回收率在96%~104%之间,测定结果准确。     

小波变换用于电位滴定法测定极弱酸

研究了用小波变换确定电位滴定终点方法测定硼酸和苯酚两种极弱酸,同经典方法及其它数学方法的结果进行比较,说明用小波变换电位滴定法测定极弱酸快速,准确,可为极弱酸的计算机联机测定提供一种新的途径。     

Synthesis of poly(sulfonium cation) as an alkylating reagent

Methyl 4-phenylthiophenyl sulfoxide is polymerized to poly(methyl-4-phenylthiophenylsulfonium) in poly(phosphoric acid) with a yield higher than 90%. The demethylation of poly(sufonium cation) is examined to control the composition ratio of the thiophenylene unit in the polycation. The polycation is soluble in common solvents due to the alternative structure of phenylene sufide and phenylenesulfonium cation and is easily converted to poly(phenylene sulfide) through the demethylation with a nucleophile. The poly(sulfonium cation) can be applicable as an alkylating agent for phenol, aniline and benzoic acid to the corresponding to anisole, N-methyl aniline, N,N-dimethyl aniline and benzoic methyl ester, respectively, with high conversion through the demethylation. These products can be isolated without a complicated purification because poly(phenylene sulfide) is precipitated in the mixture as the side product due to the poor solvent solubility.     

Degradation of benzoic acid and its derivatives in subcritical water

In this research, the stability of benzoic acid and three of its derivatives (anthranilic acid, salicylic acid, and syringic acid) under subcritical water conditions was investigated. The stability studies were carried out at temperatures ranging from 50 to 350 °C with heating times of 10–630 min. The degradation of the benzoic acid derivatives increased with rising temperature and the acids became less stable with longer heating time. The three benzoic acid derivatives showed very mild degradation at 150 °C. Severe degradation of benzoic acid derivatives was observed at 200 °C while their complete degradation occurred at 250 °C. However, benzoic acid remained stable at temperatures up to 300 °C. The degradation products of benzoic acid and the three derivatives were identified and quantified by HPLC and confirmed by GC/MS. Anthranilic acid, salicylic acid, syringic acid, and benzoic acid in high-temperature water underwent decarboxylation to form aniline, phenol, syringol, and benzene, respectively.     

超高交联吸附树脂对芳香有机物的吸附机理

通过3种吸附树脂AmberliteXAD-4、AM-1和JX101对芳香化合物苯胺、苯酚和苯甲酸在不同温度下的吸附特征,利用前线轨道理论进行了合理解释。结果表明,吸附剂表面进行适当的修饰,可以改变吸附剂的LUMO或HOMO,使吸附质分子与吸附剂表面的功能基产生化学作用,从而产生额外的化学吸附量,为优化设计吸附剂提供了理论指导。     

The thermochemical characteristics of solution of phenol and benzoic acid in water-dimethylsulfoxide and water-acetonitrile mixtures

The solution of phenol and benzoic acid in water-dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and water-acetonitrile (AN) mixtures was studied. As distinct from benzoic acid, the thermodynamic characteristics of solution of phenol sharply change at concentrations corresponding to a change in the character of cluster formation in water-DMSO and water-AN mixtures. Differences in the solvation of phenol and benzoic acid are explained by different mechanisms of the interaction of the solutes with clusters existing in binary mixtures.     

Effect of the benzoic acid additives on the catalytic activity of tetrabuthoxytitanium in the synthesis of benzanilide

Catalytic activity of tetrabutoxytitanium in the synthesis of benzanilide is changed at its precoordination with benzoic acid in boiling ortho-xylene. Upon increase in the amount of added benzoic acid the catalyst activity increases and then decreases. In the presence of aniline, benzoic acid does not activate tetrabutoxytitanium that may result from its binding to the H-complex with aniline. The formation of such complexes was confirmed indirectly by ¹H NMR spectroscopy. Under comparable conditions, the effective catalysts for the benzanilide synthesis are polytitanates obtained from tetrabutoxytitanium at its interaction with water and benzoic acid, and the still bottoms after their vacuum distillation.     

Determination of aniline and phenol in waters using polyurethane foams and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy

The adsorption of aniline as its 4-nitrophenylazo derivative was studied on polyurethane foams depending on phase contact time, reagent concentration, and type of adsorbent. Procedures were developed for the adsorption-photometric determination of aniline and aniline and phenol on their simultaneous presence; they allow the determination of 0.005 μg/mL of aniline.     

Aromatic copolyesteramides by the direct polycondensation with diphenyl chlorophosphate and carboxamides in pyridine

The reaction promoted by a Vilsmeier adduct derived from diphenyl chlorophosphate and N,N-dialkylcarboxamides such as N,N-dimethylformamide was successfully used for the preparation of soluble copolyesteramides directly from aromatic dicarboxylic acids, bisphenols, and a wide range of mole percent diamines. The polycondensation was affected by the carboxamides used, and an attempt was made to explain the effect by the ester sequence in polyamide units by examining a competitive reaction of benzoic acid with a phenol and an aniline and by examining the thermal properties of the copolymers produced.     

New redox titrants in non-aqueous or partially aqueous media-V Potentiometric titrations with iodosobenzene diacetate in acetic acid medium

A stable new redox titrant, viz., iodosobenzene diacetate in anhydrous acetic acid medium, is proposed for the potentiometric determination of a number of reductants such as As(III), I(-), Fe(II), N(2)H(4), [Fe(CN)(6)](4-), Tl(I), Sb(III), hydroquinone, ascorbic acid, phenol, aniline and oxine.     

Design of a composite amperometric enzyme electrode for the control of the benzoic acid content in food

A graphite–Teflon–tyrosinase composite biosensor for the determination of benzoic acid in foodstuffs is reported. The biosensor functioning is based on the inhibition effect of benzoic acid on the biocatalytic activity of the enzyme in a reversed micelle working medium formed with ethyl acetate as the continuous phase, a 0.05 mol l⁻¹ phosphate buffer solution of pH 7.4 (5%) as the aqueous dispersed phase, and 0.10 mol l⁻¹ dioctyl sulfosuccinate (AOT) as the emulsifying agent. A potential value of −0.10 V, and a constant enzyme-substrate (phenol) concentration of 2.0×10⁻⁴ mol l⁻¹ were selected to carry out the amperometric inhibition measurements. The tyrosinase inhibition process by benzoic acid is reversible and of the competitive type, with an apparent inhibition constant of 0.016 mmol l⁻¹. The composite bioelectrodes allow the regeneration of the electrode surface by polishing and exhibit long-term operation and stability. A limit of detection of 9.0×10⁻⁷ mol l⁻¹ benzoic acid was obtained. An interference study from other substances which can be found in foodstuffs together with benzoic acid was performed. Taking advantage of the capabilities of reversed micelles as universal solubilization media, the composite tyrosinase electrode was used for the determination of benzoic acid in two different kind of samples: mayonnaise sauce, which is a highly hydrophobic matrix, and Cola soft drinks, a hydrophilic matrix for which practically no sample treatment is necessary.     

Effect of reaction components on the hydrolytic stability of tetrabutoxytitanium as the catalyst of benzanilide synthesis

Tetrabutoxytitanium reacts with vebzoic acid and benzanilide in o-xylene under reflux to form complexes resistant to water. Indirect evidence for the composition of such complexes was obtained by IR spectral analysis of their hydrolysis products. Under comparable conditions, tetrabutoxytitanium and its complexes with aniline, butanol, and butyl benzoate undergo fast hydrolysis yielding hydrated titanium oxide that precipitates. In the reaction of benzoic acid with aniline, catalyzed by tetrabutoxytitaniumom, the latter, forming complexes with benzoic acid and benzanilide, is not prone to hydrolysis and changing its catalytic activity due to reaction with the liberated water.