2,10-Didemethylcolchicine — A new alkaloid from Merendera robusta

The alkaloid complex ofMerendera robusta Bge. (familyLiliaceae) growing in the Tashkent province of the Uzbek SSR has been investigated. The main alkaloids of this plant are colchicine and colchamine. Eleven tropolone alkaloids and their photochemical isomers have been isolated and identified. A new alkaloid of phenolic nature has been isolated for which the structure of 2,10-didemethylcolchicine has been established.V. I. Lenin Tashkent State University. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 67–71, January–February, 1991.     

Alkaloids of the epigeal part ofAconitum karakolicum

The dynamics of the accumulation of alkaloids in the epigeal part ofAconitum karakolicum according to vegetation periods has been studied. It has been established that the highest content of alkaloids is found in the early period. On separating the combined alkaloids, the aporphine alkaloid isoboldine has been isolated from this plant for the first time and a new base has been obtained — napelline N-oxide, the structure of which has been shown on the basis of the results of a study of spectral characteristics and direct transition to napelline.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 826–829, November–December, 1979.     

Berberis alkaloids. XVII. Investigation of the alkaloids of Berberis heteropoda

The alkaloid composition of young shoots and leaves ofBerberis heteropoda Schrenk has been studied. In addition to known alkaloids, two new ones have been isolated — N-methyldihydroberberine and 8-oxoberberrubine, the structures of which were established by chemical transformations and a study of spectral properties. Of known alkaloids, berbamunine, aromoline, glaucine, thalicmidine, isocorydine, and reticuline have been found in this plant for the first time. Pseudopalmitine and laudanosine have been found for the first time in plants of the genusBerberis.Andizhan State Medical Institute. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances of Uzbek Republic Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 53–59, January–February, 1993.     

Berberis alkaloids. XV. Structure of bargustanine

Bargustanine (I), belonging to a new type of isoquinoline alkaloids, has been isolated from the phenolic fraction of the total alkaloids from the roots ofBerberis vulgaris L. Its structure has been established by chemical and spectral methods.Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbekistan Republic Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Andizhan State Medical Institute. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 44–47, January–February, 1993.     

The polybuffer separation of the alkaloids of Vinca erecta

Summary By separating the total alkaloids ofV.erecta according to their basicities in an APS, in addition to bases known previously we have isolated ervincidine, apovincamine, (+)-quebrachamine, dl-eburnamine, (–)-1,2-dehydroaspidospermidine, and kopsanone. This is the first time that these alkaloids have been obtained from this plant. Thin-layer chromatography showed the presence of another 10–12 uncharacterized alkaloids.The region of the passage into the buffer solutions of some alkaloids has also been established.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 713–717, November–December, 1970.     

The biosynthesis of the alkaloids of Goebelia pachycarpa

Summary 1. Qualitative and quantitative compositions of the main alkaloids in five development phases of theGoebelia pachycarpa C. A. Mey. have been determined.2. The radioactivities of the alkaloids isolated after feeding the plant with assumed precursors -[2-¹⁴C] lysine and [1,5-¹⁴C] cadaverine — show that vigorous synthesis of alkaloids takes place in the flowering and budding periods.3. The results of an investigation of the oxidation products and of the alkaloids introduced and isolated after the feeding of plants with labelled matrine and labelled sophocarpine show that the alkaloids undergo interconversion without intramolecular changes.V. I. Lenin Tashkent State University. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh, Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 549–552, July–August, 1977.     

Umbrofine and 6-acetylumbrofine — New C18-diterpene alkaloids from Aconitum umbrosum

Two new alkaloids — umbrofine and 6-acetylumbrofine — have been isolated fromAconitum umbrosum, and their structures have been established on the basis of spectral characteristics.Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbekistan Republic Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedenini, No. 1, pp. 73–77, January–February, 1993.     

N-oxides of homoaporphine alkaloids from Merendera raddeana

The alkaloid complex of the leaves, stems, seeds, and seed pods ofMerendera raddeana Rgl. (familyLiliaceae) has been investigated. A number of known tropolone alkaloids and their photochemical isomers have been isolated together with the homoaporphine bases merenderine, kreysiginine, and O-methyl-kreysiginine and their N-oxides, which have not been described in the literature. One of them (merenderine N-oxide) has been characterized by its physical constants and has been investigated by IR, PMR, and mass-spectral methods. By a study of the PMR spectrum of the fraction of neutral alkaloids from the leaves of the plant it has been established that it consists mainly of a mixture of equal amounts of colchicine and cornigerine.V. I. Lenin Tashkent State University. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 86–91, January–February, 1991.     

Alkaloid specioseine from Colchicum speciosum

The fraction of weak bases fromColchicum speciosum Stev. (family Liliaceae) has yielded a new compound — specioseine. The structure of 10-demethylspeciosine has been established for this base by chemical and spectral methods.V. I. Lenin Tashkent State University. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 253–258, March–April, 1991.     

An investigation of the alkaloids of Ammothamnus lehmanni the structure of lehmannine

Summary 1. The qualitative and quantitative composition of the combined alkaloids from the leaves, stems, seeds, and roots ofAmmothamnus lehmanni Bge. according to its vegetation periods have been studied.2. It has been found that the young plant contains predominantly the N-oxide forms of the matrine alkaloids, and as the plant develops these are reduced to the free bases.3. A new base lehmannine, C₁₅H₂₂ON₂ has been isolated for which 12,13-dehydromatrine is proposed as the most probable structure.V. I. Lenin Tashkent State University. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 377–380, May–June, 1975.     

A new plant growth regulator of microbial origin

A new plant growth regulator — an inhibitor of the germination of mustard seeds — has been isolated from a culture filtrate of a phytopathogenic fungus of the genusPhoma. The methyl and trimethylsilyl derivatives of this compound have been obtained. Its empirical formula — C₁₆H₂₂O₅ — has been determined. On the basis of the results of IR and NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry, the compound isolated has been assigned the structure of 3,5-dihydroxy-2-octanoylphenylacetic acid.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Applied Molecular Biology and Genetics. V. I. Lenin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii No. 3, pp. 387–391, May–June, 1985.     

Berberis alkaloids. XVI. Structure of berpodine

The alkaloid composition of young shoots ofBerberis heteropoda has been studied. Together with known alkaloids, we have isolated the new dimeric base berpodine and have established its structure by a study of spectral characteristics and by chemical transformations. The known alkaloid isotetrandrine has also been isolated from this plant, for the first time.Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances Uzbekistan Republic Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Andizhan State Medical Institute. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 264–267, March–April, 1993.     

Alkaloids ofGlaucium corniculatum

The alkaloids from the epigeal part of the wild blackspot horn poppy have been studied. Twelve alkaloids have been isolated of which one — norbracteoline — proved to be new. Its structure has been established. Dehydrocorydine, predicentrine, glaufidine, thalicmidine, reticuline, and stylopine -methohydroxide have been isolated from this plant for the first time.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Pyatigorsk Pharmaceutical Institute. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 751–753, November–December, 1983.     

Alkaloids of Merendera iolantae

Summary The alkaloids ofMerendera iolantae E. Czerniak have been studied for the first time. The total alkaloids consist of tropolone compounds and bases without a tropolone ring. From this plant we isolated the known alkaloids colchicine, colchamine, -lumicolchicine, colchameine, and 2-demethylcolchiceine, and four new, nontropolone, bases — MI-1 (iolantamine), MI-2, MI-3, and MI-4. The presence of colchiceine, 3-demethylcolchamine, and two unknown bases with R _f 0.49 and 0.53 was shown by chromatographic methods.A developed formula has been put forward for iolantamine on the basis of its spectral characteristics.V. I. Lenin Tashkent State University. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 487–493, July–August, 1972.     

Severine N-oxide and korsemine fromKorolkowia sewerzowii

Korsevine and the new alkaloids severine N-oxide and korsemine have been isolated from the combined alkaloids ofKorolkowia sewerzowii Regel. On the basis of the results of a study of the IR and NMR spectra of the alkaloids and also of a correlation with korseveriline and korsevine it has been established that base (I) is severine N-oxide and korsemine has the structure of korsevine 3-D-glucopyranoside.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 823–826, November–December, 1979.     

The separation of the alkaloids of Anabasis aphylla

Summary 1. The optimum conditions for the extraction of the high-boiling alkaloids from technical anabasine sulfate by dilution with water and at various pH values of the medium have been established.2. A method for removing anabasine and lupinine from a mixture of the high-boiling alkaloids ofAnabasis aphylla has been developed which is based on the formation of the carbonates of the strong bases.V. I. Lenin Tashkent State University. Dzerzhinskii Chimkent Pharmaceutical Chemicals Factory. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 468–472, July–August, 1974.     

The structure of nutanoside

Summary The complete structure of nutanoside — a triterpene glycoside isolated from the roots ofSilene nutans L. — has been established.A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 412–416, July–August, 1971.