CS_2飞秒超快非线性特性的实验研究

采用中心波长800 nm、脉宽30 fs的超短激光脉冲,通过飞秒光开关技术对CS_2的飞秒超快非线性特性进行了实验研究.在探测光强与抽运光强比为1∶10时,得到了较理想的光克尔时间分辨曲线.通过实验测定的光克尔信号强度与激发光和探测光偏振方向夹角的依赖关系表明:30 fs的超短激光脉冲激发CS_2的克尔信号主要是源于光诱导双折射效应,而非用200 fs的超短激光脉冲时来自瞬态栅的自衍射效应.     

Pump power dependence of the spatial gating properties of femtosecond optical Kerr effect measurements

The pump power dependence of the spatial gating properties of femtosecond optical Kerr gate (OKG) was investigated using coaxial two-color optical Kerr measurements in CS₂. As the pump power increased, the spatial pattern of the optical Kerr signals changed from a Gaussian spot to a ring form, and then a spot surrounded by a concentric ring, successively. By comparing the experimental data with the calculation results and measuring the pump power dependence of the OKG signal intensity, we demonstrated that the spatial variation of OKG transmittance could be attributed to the non-uniform spatially distributed phase change of the probe beam, due to the transient birefringence effect induced by pump beam with transverse mode of a Gaussian distribution.     

Femtosecond laser-induced birefringence and transient grating in lead(II) phthalocyanine-doped hybrid silica gel glasses

Ultrafast nonlinear optical properties of lead(II) phthalocyanine (PbPc)-doped silica gel glasses were investigated using a femtosecond optical Kerr shutter (OKS) setup at wavelength of 800 nm. The nonlinear response time of the PbPc-doped silica gel glasses was measured to be less than 90 fs. Measurements for the dependence of Kerr signals on the polarization angle between pump and probe beams showed that the Kerr signals induced by 30-fs pulses arose mainly from photoinduced birefringence effect and not from a laser-induced transient grating as observed when using a 200-fs pulse laser.     

Influence of Self-Diffraction Effect on Femtosecond Time-Resolved Single-Shot Optical Kerr Measurements

Femtosecond time-resolved single-shot optical Kerr gating(OKG) measurements are performed by focusing the probe pulse and using a cylindrical lens to introduce a spatially encoded time delay with respect to the pump pulse.By measuring the pump power and polarization dependence of the OKG signals in CS_2,the contribution of self-diffraction effect which is independent of the nonlinear response time of the material is directly observed on the rising edge of the time-resolved OKG signals.The influence of the self-diffraction effect on the optical Kerr signal could be controlled effectively by varying the polarization angle between pump and probe pulses.     

基于瞬态光克尔效应的超快光学快门技术

系统介绍了几种基于瞬态光克尔效应的超快光学快门技术,包括传统的光克尔双折射快门技术,瞬态光栅快门技术,以及利用瞬态克尔透镜效应的光学快门技术。这些技术都是在泵浦-探测的实验配置基础上,利用门控光对克尔介质折射率的瞬态调制导致的信号光的相位（偏振态）、传播方向或光束发散角等光学特性的改变实现对信号光的超快时间分辨测量。对比讨论了这些超快快门技术的工作原理和实验配置,结果表明瞬态光束偏折快门技术相比其他快门技术具有无偏振配置要求、无相位匹配条件、超宽带光谱响应范围的特点,在光与物质相互作用的超快动力学研究中具有更为广阔的应用前景。     

富勒烯有机-无机杂化材料的非共珍三阶非线性光学特性

采用中心波长800 nm、脉宽30 fs的超短激光脉冲,通过飞秒光开关技术（Optical Kerr Shutter,OKS）对富勒烯有机-无机杂化材料的飞秒超快非线性特性进行了实验研究.获得270 fs的开关时间,所得的富勒烯有机-无机杂化材料的三阶非线性系数χ(3)约为4.5×10－14 esu,比C60分子的三阶非线性系数χ(3)高一个数量级.通过实验测定的光克尔信号强度与激发光和探测光偏振方向夹角的依赖关系表明：30 fs的超短激光脉冲激发富勒烯有机-无机杂化材料的克尔信号主要是源于光诱导双折射效应,而非用200 fs的超短激光脉冲时来自瞬态栅的自衍射效应.     

Ultrafast nonlinear optical properties of Bi2O3-B2O3-SiO2 oxide glass

The ultrafast nonlinear optical properties of Bi₂O₃-B₂O₃-SiO₂ oxide glass were investigated using a femtosecond optical Kerr shutter (OKS) at wavelength of 800 nm. The nonlinear response time of this Bi₂O₃-doped glass was measured to be <90 fs. The nonlinear refractive-index n₂ was estimated to be 1.6 × 10⁻¹⁴ cm²/W. Measurements for the dependence of Kerr signals on the polarization angle between the pump and probe beams showed that the Kerr signals induced by 30-fs pulse laser arose mainly from the photoinduced birefringence effect.     

富勒烯有机-无机杂化材料的非共珍三阶非线性光学特性

采用中心波长800 nm、脉宽30 fs的超短激光脉冲,通过飞秒光开关技术(Optical Kerr Shutter,OKS)对富勒烯有机-无机杂化材料的飞秒超快非线性特性进行了实验研究.获得270 fs的开关时间,所得的富勒烯有机-无机杂化材料的三阶非线性系数X~(3)约为4.5×10~(-4) esu,比C_(60)分子的三阶非线性系数X~(3)高一个数量级.通过实验测定的光克尔信号强度与激发光和探测光偏振方向夹角的依赖关系表明:30 fs的超短激光脉冲激发富勒烯有机-无机杂化材料的克尔信号主要是源于光诱导双折射效应,而非用200 fs的超短激光脉冲时来自瞬态栅的自衍射效应.     

(Ga,Mn)As中电流诱导自旋极化的磁光Kerr测量

在GaAs吸收带边附近, 利用磁光Kerr效应测量了(Ga,Mn)As和p-GaAs样品的电流诱导Kerr旋转谱和反射谱, 两者都呈现出Lorentz曲线形状. 电流诱导Kerr旋转角和反射率随着电流的增大而增大, Kerr角与电流的大小成正比关系, 反射率与电流的平方成正比关系. (Ga,Mn)As的Kerr旋转角比p-GaAs的大了一个数量级, 这说明Mn原子的掺杂使得电流诱导的自旋极化增强. 另外, 还测量了温度和入射光偏振方向对电流诱导Kerr旋转谱和反射谱的影响. 发现随着温度的升高, Kerr谱和反射谱均向长波方向移动, 这与GaAs带边随温度的变化是一致的.     

Self-focusing in two-color collinear optical Kerr measurements

We performed the femtosecond two-color collinear optical Kerr shutter (OKS) measurements in a thick Kerr medium. The time-resolved OKS signals showed a multi-peak structure and a large broadening with respect to that for non-collinear. By measuring the time-resolved OKS signals in the sample at different powers, we demonstrated that the abnormal profile of the OKS signals was mainly attributed to self-focusing and re-focusing of the pump beam in the Kerr medium and the group velocity difference between the pump and the probe beams.     

Direct measurement of frequency and polarization dependences of cross-phase modulation in fibers from high-resolution optical spectra

We present the results of an experiment for frequency and polarization dependence characterization of non-linear cross-phase-modulation (XPM) effects in optical fibers. The measurement technique is based on the direct analysis of high-resolution optical spectra of a signal wave that is phase modulated by an intensity-modulated pump wave. Measurement results provide experimental confirmation of the scalar character, over the whole resonant frequency range, of the electrostrictive contribution to the nonlinear refractive index. Also, the results confirm experimentally the relation describing the polarization dependence of the Kerr contribution to XPM in non-polarization-maintaining fibers.     

Polarization vortex spatial optical solitons in Bessel optical lattices

We investigate the formation of polarization vortex spatial optical solitons in optical lattice induced by a non-diffracting Bessel beam. The properties of these solitons in zeroth-order and first-order Bessel lattices with focusing and defocusing Kerr nonlinearity are discussed. It is found that these solitons have some analogies with phase vortex solitons carrying single positive or negative topological charge in these lattices. Besides, these polarization vortex solitons have complicated dynamical characteristic and can be stabilized in some parameter region.     

Symmetry-breaking instability of multimode vector solitons

We show experimentally that the two-component multimode spatial optical vector soliton, i.e., a two-hump self-guided laser beam, exhibits in Kerr media a sharp space-inversion symmetry-breaking instability. The experiment is performed in a CS2 planar waveguide using the orthogonal circular polarization states of light as the two components of the vector soliton.     

Robust scheme for the preparation of symmetric Dicke states with coherence state via cross-Kerr nonlinearity

A scheme is proposed for generating multiphoton maximally entangled states among four modes. These schemes only use Kerr medium and polarization beam splitters and P homodyne measurements on coherent light fields, which can be efficiently implemented in quantum optical laboratories. It's comparatively easy to realize symmetric Dicke state of light fields in the scheme. The scheme can be generalized to produce N-qubit maximally entangled states.     

Light‐switching‐light optical transistor based on metallic nanoparticle cross‐chains geometry incorporating Kerr nonlinearity

In this research work, we propose all‐optical transistor based on metallic nanoparticle cross‐chains geometry. The geometry of the proposed device consists of two silver nanoparticle chains arranged along the x‐ and z‐axis. The x‐chain contains a Kerr nonlinearity, the source beam is set at the left side of the later, while the control beam is located at the top side of the z‐chain. The control beam can turn ON and OFF the light transmission of an incoming light. We report a theoretical model of a very small all‐optical transistor proof‐of‐conceptmade of optical ‘light switching light'concept. We show that the transmission efficiency strongly depends on the control beam and polarization of the incoming light. We investigate the influence of a perfect reflector and reflecting substrate on the transmission of the optical signal when the control beam is turned ON and OFF. These new findings make our unique design a potential candidate for future highly‐integrated optical information processing chips.     

Influence of self-focusing effect on femtosecond collinear nondegenerate optical Kerr measurements

We performed the femtosecond nondegenerate optical Kerr shutter (OKS) measurements in a 10-mm-thick optical glass. The time-resolved OKS signals showed an obvious asymmetry and a large broadening with respect to that for thin samples. The time-resolved OKS signals in samples with different thicknesses showed that, the temporal broadening of the OKS signals was attributed to the group velocity mismatch between pump and probe beams of different wavelengths. By imaging the filament induced inside the glass, we attributed the asymmetry of the time-resolved OKS signals to the focusing position change of pump beam caused by self-focusing and re-focusing effect.     

基于双折射晶体的光交叉波分复用器

光交叉波分复用器能够把一组DWDM光信号分解成两组奇偶信道输出 ,或反之。双折射晶体的设计关健部分由两个光轴成 45°的波片A和B组成。入射光信号经过偏振分束器和偏振元件处理后 ,在A波片中形成o光、e光并产生位相差。在B波片中再次分解并发生干涉形成奇偶信道光输出。A波片厚度决定位相差从而决定输出信道间隔。用两片光轴垂直或相同但不同材料的波片按一定的厚度组合代替波片A可消除输出频率间隔的温度漂移。基于双折射晶体的设计是实现商用化光交叉波分复用器的有效途径。     

Performance evaluation of optical systems operating on long fibre links

We show how to evaluate the performance of optical systems operating in long fibre links, focusing the study on the signal propagation. A comparison between the performance of single- and multichannel systems is reported, considering conventional and soliton signals. A study on the propagation in the presence of polarization mode dispersion is also reported, showing how the Kerr nonlinearity can also compensate this degradation.     

Weak gravity-like force detector by “Atom interferometers”

We study nonlinear interaction of counter-propagating plane light waves in a semi-infinite isotropic lossless nonlinear Kerr medium and report existence of several regions of optical-polarization-multistability. The counter-propagating waves may be produced by normal reflection of an incident beam by a mirror in the nonlinear Kerr medium. We obtain nonlinear coupled differential equations for Stokes parameters of the two beams and solve them following the method of Prakash et al. [Mod. Phys. Lett. B 14, 47 (2000)] and the boundary conditions at the mirror. We find that, for the same incident intensity and for the same polarization state of the incident beam, output beam may exist in several stable polarization states.     

Optical bistability based on surface plasmon coupled between a noble metal film and a metal grating involving Kerr materials

A phenomenon about optical bistability is successfully investigated in a layered structure consisting of a silver film with Kerr medium and a silver grating sandwiched between semi-infinite linear dielectrics.This type of structure can lead to the optical bistability phenomena occurring in reflection and transmission.There exists an optimal thickness of the metal grating that can cut off the effect of the near-field enhancement and may have the lowest effect on conversion from surface plasmon to light.This structure can realize the functions of the beam splitter and the polarization splitter and will be essential for future classical and quantum information processing.