冲击荷载下钢化夹层玻璃薄板的动力学响应研究

针对工程材料中的钢化夹层玻璃受风沙冲击问题,利用重三角级数构造了冲击荷载作用下四边简支弹性矩形夹层薄板的挠度函数,依据积分变换方法求解挠度函数系数,并基于薄板小挠度弯曲理论得到四边简支条件下矩形钢化夹层玻璃薄板的应力与应变函数,利用Matlab编程对其分布规律计算,研究钢化夹层玻璃受冲击的动力学特性。结果表明：在不同冲击高度下,冲击力、位移响应均呈先增加后减小的趋势,且由于冲击惯性效应致使位移响应分为接触加载期、接触卸载期、脱离后期;应力波在玻璃内对称向四周传播且不断衰减致使位移场、应变场、应力场均呈对称分布,且冲击荷载对冲击点的影响最大;钢化夹层玻璃薄板冲击点区域下表面受拉而出现拉破坏,边界区域受压出现压破坏,而上表面的破坏情况则恰好相反。该研究结果为研究夹层玻璃受冲击破坏机理提供了重要依据。     

撞击载荷下泡沫铝夹层板的动力响应

应用泡沫金属子弹撞击加载的方式研究了固支方形夹层板和等质量实体板的动力响应,分别应用激光测速装置和位移传感器测量了泡沫子弹的撞击速度和后面板中心点的位移历史,给出了夹层板的变形与失效模式,研究了子弹冲量、面板厚度、泡沫芯层厚度及芯层密度对夹层板抗撞击性能的影响。结果表明,后面板中心点挠度最大,周边最小,整体变形为穹形,且伴有花瓣形的变形。参数研究表明,通过增加面板厚度或芯层厚度均能有效控制后面板的挠度,改善夹层板的能量吸收能力,结构响应对子弹冲量和芯层密度比较敏感。实验结果对多孔金属夹层结构的优化设计具有一定的参考价值。 更多还原     

泡沫铝子弹高速撞击下铝基复合泡沫夹层板的动态响应

应用一级轻气炮驱动泡沫铝弹丸高速撞击加载技术,对实心钢板以及前/后面板为Q235钢板、芯层分别为铝基复合泡沫和普通泡沫铝的夹层板结构,在脉冲载荷作用下的动态力学响应进行实验研究。结果表明:泡沫铝子弹高速撞击靶板可近似模拟爆炸载荷效果;铝基复合泡沫夹层板的变形分为芯层压缩和整体变形两个阶段;与其他靶板相比,铝基复合泡沫夹层板的抗冲击性能最优。基于实验研究,应用LS-DYNA非线性动力有限元软件,对泡沫铝夹层板的动态响应进行数值模拟。结果表明:泡沫铝子弹的长度和初始速度对子弹与夹层板之间的接触作用力影响显著,并且呈线性关系。泡沫芯层强度对等质量及等厚度夹层板的抗冲击性能均有显著影响,夹层板中心挠度对前、后面板的厚度匹配较为敏感,在临界范围内,若背板厚度大于面板厚度,可减小夹层板的最终挠度。夹层板面板宜采用刚度较低、延性好、拉伸破坏应变较大的金属材料。     

集中载荷作用下FRP布加固带裂缝木梁的弯曲

将FRP布视为正交各向异性材料,考虑其拉伸与压缩时的双弹性模量性质,给出了四周粘贴FRP布加固带裂缝木梁四点弯曲的边值问题,得到了FRP布加固木梁挠度的解析解,并验证了其有效性和适用性.参数分析表明:相比于侧面粘贴CFRP布,在木梁受拉侧沿轴向粘贴CFRP布的刚度加固效果更加显著;CFRP布加固木梁的挠度随CFRP加固布厚度和弹性模量的增加而减小,但当侧贴CFRP布厚度增加到某一值时,继续增加厚度对木梁挠度的减少效果已不明显;当受拉侧CFRP布厚度较小时,木梁挠度随CFRP布厚度的增加非线性减小,而当受拉侧CFRP布厚度较大时,木梁挠度随CFRP布厚度几乎呈线性减小.同时,当侧贴CFRP布的剪切模量很大时,此时,CFRP布加固带裂缝木梁的挠度趋于CFRP布加固完整无裂缝木梁的挠度,此时,CFRP加固完全消除了裂缝因素.     

环氧树脂/泡沫铝一体型复合夹层板压缩及弯曲试验研究

提出了一种环氧树脂/泡沫铝一体型复合夹层板,通过准静态试验以及与纯泡沫铝、传统蒙皮夹层板的对比研究了其破坏过程、破坏形貌、破坏机理及压缩和弯曲力学性能。分别通过压缩应力-应变曲线和弯曲荷载-挠度曲线分析了复合层厚度对压缩及弯曲力学性能的影响,并与传统夹层板的力学性能进行了比较。结果表明,随着夹层板中环氧树脂/泡沫铝复合层厚度增加,其压缩弹性模量和抗压强度增加,弯曲承载力提高。相比传统蒙皮夹层板,由于表层和芯层之间没有明显界面,大大提高了夹芯板的整体性,在受力过程中不会出现表层剥离等现象。     

内爆和柱壳条件下无氧铜的层裂特性

利用任意反射面位移干涉系统(DISAR)激光测速技术,成功地获得了滑移内爆加载和柱壳结构条件下无氧铜的内表面（自由面）速度剖面,并对其层裂特性进行了初步分析。结果表明:(1)在固定炸药和改变无氧铜圆管壁厚条件下,层裂片厚度随着圆管壁厚h的减小而增加;以圆管壁厚h为参照进行归一化,则相对层裂片厚度(/h)随相对装药厚度(he/h)的增大而增加,这种规律与以往对20钢的研究结果一致,但圆管发生层裂的临界条件,却显示出明显的材料相关性。(2)初步来看,无氧铜的层裂强度对结构的依赖性不明显,而与加载脉冲的幅值和宽度相关。(3)受无氧铜粘性和Taylor波衰减的影响,无氧铜的层裂强度随管壁厚度的增加而略有降低;同时,材料分散性也对此有一定影响。     

双向纤维腹板增强复合材料夹层板受弯性能实验研究

采用真空导入成型工艺,制备出双向纤维腹板增强复合材料夹层板。在四边简支条件下,对无腹板增强、不同腹板高度和间距的试件进行了集中加载实验,研究其受弯承载力、破坏形态等。结果表明:用双向纤维腹板来增强复合材料夹层板,可显著提高试件承载能力,还能有效减缓面层的剥离破坏;与此同时,腹板高度和间距的减小能减缓面板剥离现象;随着腹板高度增加和腹板间距减小,抗弯能力得到显著提高;增加腹板高度还能有效减小夹层板跨中挠度,但腹板间距对跨中挠度的影响并不明显。     

橡胶-钢球支座在扭转载荷作用下的断裂分析

通过非线性有限元方法对橡胶-钢球支座的橡胶层与钢球粘结界面上及橡胶中间层在扭转载荷作用下存在中心裂纹和环形边缘裂纹的情况进行了数值模拟,给出撕裂能与裂纹尺寸、载荷和橡胶层厚度的关系曲线.结果表明,撕裂能随载荷的增加而增加,随橡胶层厚度的增加而减小.对于界面中心裂纹和橡胶层环形边缘裂纹,撕裂能都随着裂纹深度的增加先增加后减小;对于界面环形边缘裂纹和橡胶层中间钱币形裂纹,撕裂能随裂纹深度的增加而增加.     

复合材料夹层扁壳的有限挠度方程和线性稳定问题

本文对表板采用Kirchhoff假设,考虑夹心沿厚度方向的剪切变形,用最小势能原理导了复合材料夹层扁壳的有限挠度方程和边界条件。作为一个特例,求解了矩形夹层圆柱壳在轴压(或侧压)作用下的线性稳定问题。     

ANALYTICAL SOLUTION OF THE FREE VIBRATION OF VISCOELASTIC SANDWICH ANNULAR PLATE

基于薄板小挠度理论和Kelvin-Voigt 黏弹性本构方程,建立了黏弹性夹层环形薄板振动控制方程.采用分离变量法计算了内边固支、外边自由黏弹性夹层环形薄板的固有频率和振型,并与有限元计算结果进行比较. 分别讨论了夹心层比和内外半径比对固有频率及衰减系数的影响. 研究表明:系统频率随夹心层厚度增大,先增大后减小,而衰减系数一直增大;系统频率和衰减系数随内外半径比增大而增大.     

沥青路面弹塑性动力响应分析

采用弹塑性理论,建立了沥青路面弹塑性动力响应分析的三维有限元模型,利用有限元法分析了沥青路面的弹性和弹塑性动力响应、以及弹塑性状态下层间接触对沥青路面力学性能的影响．结果表明：在相同条件下,沥青路面为弹塑性状态时得到的弯沉和最大主应变均比弹性状态时大;卸载后,弹塑性状态时存在残余变形,说明沥青路面的弹塑性动力学响应分析得到的结果和路面实际情况较符合;沥青路面在弹塑性状态下,层间完全光滑时其弯沉是完全连续时的6 倍,上面层最大竖向应变是层间连续时的3.7 倍,下面层处最大竖向应变是层间连续时的2.3 倍;卸载后,层间完全光滑时,面层A 点与B 点均存在残余应变;随着层间摩擦系数的增大,路面弯沉值减少,说明在弹塑性状态下,层间接触状态对沥青路面的动力响应有较大影响．     

Fracture mechanics of laminated glass subjected to blast loading

A failure criterion based on energy balance approach is introduced for the laminated glass panel subjected to blast loading. Based on this failure criterion, a damage factor is developed to assess the failure of the laminated glass panel. If the damage factor is less than one, the plate is safe otherwise unsafe. Trigonometric function is employed to express the transverse deflection and the Airy’s stress function in von Karman’s large deflection equations of a thin plate. The nonlinear ordinary differential equation of motion obtained using the Galerkin method is solved using Runge–Kutta method. The predicted results indicate that the breakages of the laminated glass may be caused by the negative phase of the blast load if the positive phase blast load is not violent enough to cause failure. Also, the size of glass shards the laminated glass plies breaks in to is predicted using the surface energy based failure model.     

NUMERICAL STUDY ON PROPERTIES OF WEAK INTERLAYER OF LAMINATED COMPOSITE

<正>With assumption of material inhomogeneity on meso level,a three-point bending beam model has been adopted to simulate crack propagation in two dimensional laminated composite and to verify the toughening mechanism of energy dissipation and crack deflection along the weak interlayer.Moreover,the effect of strength,elastic modulus and thickness of the weak interlayer on both strength and toughness of the laminated composite have also been investigated in this paper.     

Analysis of laminated glass beams for photovoltaic applications

Laminated glass beams and plates are widely used in glazing and photovoltaic applications. One feature of these structures is a relatively thin and compliant polymeric layer for embedding solar cells. Proper design of photovoltaic glass modules requires an analysis of transverse shear strain distribution in polymeric encapsulant. In this paper a three layered beam with glass skins and a polymeric core is applied as a model structure to evaluate the mechanical properties. Robust relationships between the maximum deflection, the transverse shear strain of the core layer and the applied force in a three-point-bending test of laminated glass beam samples are derived. The first order shear deformation beam theory and a layer-wise type beam theory are applied. An expression for the transverse shear stiffness of the laminated glass beam is presented. The results for the maximum deflection are compared with the results discussed in the literature. Furthermore, a three-dimensional finite element analysis is performed to verify the applied beam theories. Three-point-bending tests for laminated glass beams with core layers from different polymeric materials are performed. The experimental data for the maximum deflection are compared with the derived expressions.     

带剪切型压电激励器的板的高阶剪切变形理论

利用压电材料固有的正，逆压电效应可以对结构变形和振动进行控制。与外加电场与极化方向平行于板厚度的压电材料的拉伸作动机制相比，外加电场与极化方向垂直的压电材料的剪切作动机制可以在作动器内产生较小的应力，从而降低作动器边界产生分层破坏的危险。本文对于压电材料的剪切作动机制进行研究，应用三阶剪切变形理论建立带剪切型压电激励器的智能层合板模型。采用哈密顿原理导出带剪切型压电激励器的层合板的控制方程。采用空间法得到了各种边界条件组合条件下板的解析解。数值算例对一三层板采用高阶和一阶剪切变形理论进行计算，结果表明两种理论所得的变形曲线很相似。但对于厚度剪切型激励器而言，由于激励器是引起板的剪切变形，而高阶剪切变形理论比一阶剪切变形理论能更好地反映结构的剪切应变能，因此高阶剪切变形理论可以提供板变形的更为精确的解。因此，对于厚度剪切型激励器，剪切变形理论的选取对于板变形结果的好坏有重要的作用。     

冰载荷下不锈钢复合板挠度特性分析

以复合板中面的挠度响应作为不锈钢复合板抗冲击性能的评价指标,基于能量法和经典层合板理论,考虑层间结构参数设计,通过横向载荷下的弯曲平衡微分方程,建立冰载荷下不锈钢复合板挠度响应简化解析模型。该分析模型将整个动态响应分析过程分为冰载荷计算分析和动力学方程求解两个阶段。分析了冰载荷模型的面倾角、冲击速度和碰撞位置对冰载荷的影响,确定极端工况参数,汇总接触面的节点力数据;分析了层厚比对挠度响应的影响规律;基于LS-DYNA有限元仿真以及数值算例分析,对比挠度响应仿真结果和解析计算值,验证了本文简化解析模型的准确性,研究结果对不锈钢复合板抗冲击性能分析和评估具有一定的参考价值。     

建筑玻璃的爆炸动力响应及防爆距离

玻璃作为一种透明或半透明材料,广泛应用于现代建筑工程中,但其在爆炸冲击荷载作用下易于破碎,产生飞片伤人。文章应用弹性薄板振动理论,研究框支承玻璃在爆炸冲击荷载下的动力响应,得到玻璃的最大挠度与最大应力计算公式。基于爆炸冲击波传播特性和玻璃强度理论,提出了建筑玻璃爆炸冲击破坏准则,对不同类型和厚度的框支承玻璃在爆炸冲击波...     

Shear deformation in thermal bending analysis of laminated plates by the GDQ method

The interlaminar stresses and deflections in a laminated rectangular plate under thermal bending were determined by using the generalized differential quadrature method involving the effect of shear deformation. The approximate stress and deflection solutions are obtained under the bending of sinusoidal temperature of thermal load for layer in cross-ply laminates and angle-ply laminates. Numerical results show that the shear deformation has significant effects on the dominant interlaminar stresses and deflections in the laminated plate of thermal bending analysis.     

An experimental study of spallation criterion in phenolic-resin based woven roving glass fibre reinforced composite material

An experimental study of spallation in phenolic-resin based woven roving glass fibre reinforced composite material under uniaxial strain condition is reported in this paper. Experiments were carried out with a 101 mm bore single-stage light gas gun. The stress waves induced by plate impact propagate along the normal to glass fibre mats. The experiments show that the threshold of incipient spallation in this material depends strongly on the duration of stress wave and that this incipient spallation appears essentially in one layer. The criterion of spallation in this material given in this paper is in good agreement with experimental results. Besides, the spallation in phenolic-resin based obliquely laminated woven roving glass fibre reinforced composite material is also discussed in this paper.     

Nonlinear bending behavior of orthotropic Mindlin plate resting on orthotropic Pasternak foundation using GDQM

Rectangular plates resting on elastic foundations are operational activities of large transportation aircraft on runways, footings, foundation of spillway dam, civil building in cold regions, and bridge structures. Hence, in the present work, nonlinear bending analysis of embedded rectangular plates is investigated based on orthotropic Mindlin plate theory. The elastic medium is simulated by orthotropic Pasternak foundation. Adopting the nonlinear strain–displacement relation, the governing equations are derived based on energy method and Hamilton’s principle. The generalized differential quadrature method is performed for the case when all four ends are clamped supported. The influences of the plate thickness, shear-locking, elastic medium constants, and applied force on the nonlinear bending of the rectangular plate are studied. Results indicate that increasing the plate thickness decreases the deflection of the plate. It is also observed that increasing the applied force increases the deflection of the plate. Furthermore, considering elastic medium decreases deflection of the plate, and the effect of the Pasternak-type is higher than the Winkler-type on the maximum deflection of the plate. Also, it is found that the present results have good agreement with previous researches.