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1.
Zanello P  Raspi G  Cinquantini A 《Talanta》1976,23(2):103-108
Under normal conditions, the reduction of uranium(VI) at a platinum electrode, in acid solutions, is masked by the reduction of the hydrogen ion. If the working electrode is subjected to hydrogen evolution (at a current density of about 7 A cm (2) for 90-120 min) the H(ads) on the platinum surface, acting as a bridge in the electron transfer, shifts the reduction wave of uranium(VI), in 1M sulphuric acid solutions, to potentials (E(1 2 ) congruent with - 0.03 V) less negative than that of the hydrogen discharge (about -0.25 V). The wave corresponding to the reduction of uranium(VI) to uranium(IV) is well shaped, diffusion-controlled, and can be used for the determination of uranium down to 2 x 10(-5)M or 3 x 10(-6)M if a rotating electrode is used. Interferences arise from those ions with similar E(1 2 ) [i.e., Cu(II) and Bi(III)], or from those such as permanganate and dichromate, which oxidize the H(ads) on the platinum electrode. Because of the time required for the electrode pretreatment, the determination is time-consuming but in some respects it appears a useful improvement over the DME.  相似文献   

2.
Zhao Z  Pei J  Zhang X  Zhou X 《Talanta》1990,37(10):1007-1010
A differential pulse stripping voltammetry method for the trace determination of molybdenum(VI) in water and soil has been developed. In 0.048M oxalic acid and 6 x 10(-5)M Toluidine Blue (pH 1.8) solution, Mo(V), the reduction product of Mo(VI) in the sample solution, can form a ternary complex, which can be concentrated by adsorption on a static mercury drop electrode at -0.1 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). The adsorbed complex gives a well-defined cathodic stripping current peak at -0.30 V, which can be used for determining Mo(VI) in the range 5 x 10(-10)-7 x 10(-9)M, with a detection limit of 1 x 10(-10)M (4 min accumulation). The method is also selective. Most of the common ions do not interfere but Sn(IV) and large amounts of Cu(2+), Ag(+) and Au(3+) affect the determination.  相似文献   

3.
在新鲜配制的Na2MoO4的弱酸性水溶液中, 通过循环电位扫描在碳纤维微电极表面可沉积一层均匀的蓝色氧化钼(VI, V)薄膜, 膜的厚度通过电量进行控制。在电沉积之前, 电极的阳极化处理不仅可以加快氧化钼的电沉积, 而且可以改善膜的伏安行为。溶液的pH值对膜的电沉积和伏安行为有极大的影响。膜的阴极过程被认为是产生青钼铜: HxMoO3 (0相似文献   

4.
The adsorptive collection of the molybdenum (VI) complexed with 2-(2-benzothiazolylazo)-p-cresol (BTAC) coupled with the catalytic current of the adsorbed complex at a static mercury drop electrode yields an ultrasensitive voltammetric procedure for the determination of molybdenum. Optimal experimental conditions were: a stirred acetate buffer 0.2 M (pH 3.5) as supporting electrolyte, a BTAC concentration of 1.0 x 10(-6) M as ligand, and a concentration of 0.1 M potassium nitrate as the oxidizing agent. In addition, a preconcentration potential of -0.080 V vs Ag/AgCl (3 M KCl), equilibration time of 15 s, a frequency of 30 Hz, a scan increment of 2 mV, a pulse amplitude of 0.050 mV, and a drop area of 0.032 cm2 were used. The cyclic voltammogram was recorded using a staircase wave with a scan rate of 100 mV/s. The forward scan starts at the initial potential of -0.080 V and is reversed at -0.90 V. Using the catalytic current at approximately -0.55 V the response to the Mo(VI) was found to be linear over a concentration range of 1.0-10.0 microg/L. The limit of detection is as low as 6.2 x 10(-10) M with 4 min of preconcentration time. The possible interference of other trace ions was investigated. The merits of this procedure are demonstrated using of reference samples.  相似文献   

5.
A reliable and sensitive procedure for the simultaneous determination of trace levels of copper and molybdenum is proposed. The complexing of copper(II) and molybdenum(VI) with pyrogallol red (PGR) is analyzed by cathodic stripping differential pulse voltammetry based on the adsorption collection of the complexes onto a hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE). The effect of chemical and instrumental parameters on the sensitivity and selectivity were studied. Copper and molybdenum peaks potential were observed at about +0.13 and −0.22 V versus Ag/AgCl electrode, respectively. A standard addition method was utilized for the analysis of voltammogram data, under the optimum conditions and with accumulation time of 90 s. The measured peak current at about +0.14 and −0.22 V is proportional to the concentration of Cu(II) and Mo(VI) over the range of 2-70 and 0.8-80 ng ml−1, respectively. The limit of detection are 0.3 and 0.1 ng ml−1 for Cu(II) and Mo(VI), respectively. The capability of the method for the analysis of real samples was evaluated by determination of copper and molybdenum in river water, tap water and alloy. Atomic absorption spectrometry was applied as a reference method for determination of copper and molybdenum in water samples.  相似文献   

6.
The electrochemical behavior of the molybdenum complex of -benzoinoxime was investigated using cyclic voltammetry and linear scan voltammetry, after adsorptive accumulation of the complex onto a hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE). The signal corresponds to the reduction of molybdenum in the complex adsorbed at the HMDE surface. Under optimal conditions, the adsorptive stripping voltammetric procedure gave an extremely low detection limit of 0.1 nM (9.6ng/l) Mo(VI) following stirred accumulation for 5 min at 0.0 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). The reduction cur rent-[Mo(VI)] relationships were linear up to 25 and 100 nM. Repetitive determinations of 10 nM solutions gave relative standard deviations of 2.2 and 3.5%, for 1 and 5-min accumulation periods, respectively. Most of the ions investigated did not interfere with the determination of molybdenum, except for tungsten. Excellent selectivity against copper was observed. The proposed procedure was applied to the direct determination of molybdenum in natural water.  相似文献   

7.
Linear sweep voltammograms of Lumogallion IREA (pH 2), Magneson IREA (pH 2), 4-(2-pyridylazo)resorcinol (pH 4.8), and 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol (pH 4.8) in the presence of molybdenum(VI) exhibit peaks at potentials more negative than the potentials of reduction peaks of the reagents by approximately 0.1 V. In all of the above cases, the heights of these peaks linearly increased with an increase in the concentration of molybdenum(VI) in the range from 5 x 10-7 to 2.5 x 10-6 M; thus, these peaks can be used for the determination of molybdenum. The simultaneous proportional decrease in the heights of the cathodic peaks of the reagents can be used for indirect determination of molybdenum(VI). The limits of detection without preliminary accumulation at a dropping mercury electrode with a drop time of 5 s are (1.5-3.9) x 10-7 M, depending on the nature of the reagent and the technique used for determining the concentration.  相似文献   

8.
Radius U  Attner J 《Inorganic chemistry》2004,43(26):8587-8599
The complex (HNEt(3))[MoCl(NCMe)(Calix)] (1), prepared from the reaction of [MoCl(4)(NCMe)(2)] with p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene, H(4)Calix, in the presence of triethylamine, has been used as a source of the d(2)-[Mo(NCMe)(Calix)] fragment. Complex 1 is readily oxidized with PhICl(2) to afford the molybdenum(VI) dichloro complex [MoCl(2)(Calix)] (2). Both complexes are a convenient entry point into molybdenum(VI) and molybdenum(IV) calixarene chemistry. The reaction of 1 with trimethylphosphine and pyridine in the presence of catalytic amounts [Ag(OTf)] led to the formation of neutral d(2) complexes [Mo(PMe(3))(NCMe)(Calix)] (3) and [Mo(NC(5)H(5))(NCMe)(Calix)] (4). The role of the silver salt in the reaction mixture is presumably the oxidation of the chloromolybdate anion of 1 to give a reactive molybdenum(V) species. The same reactions can also be initiated with ferrocenium cations such as [Cp(2)Fe](BF(4)). Without the presence of coordinating ligands, the dimeric complex [[Mo(NCMe)(Calix)](2)] (5) was isolated. The reaction of 1 with Ph(2)CN(2) led to the formation of a metallahydrazone complex [Mo(N(2)CPh(2))(NCMe)(Calix)] (6), in which the diphenyldiazomethane has been formally reduced by two electrons. Molybdenum(VI) complexes were also obtained from reaction of 1 with azobenzene and sodium azide in the presence of catalytic amounts of silver salt. The reaction with azobenzene led under cleavage of the nitrogen nitrogen bond to an imido complex [Mo(NPh)(NCMe)(Calix)] (7), whereas the reaction with sodium azide afforded the mononuclear molybdenum(VI) nitrido complex (HNEt(3))[MoN(Calix)] (8).  相似文献   

9.
Cis-dioxo-catecholatotungsten(VI) complex anion[W^(VI)O2-(OC6H4O)2]^2- was obtained with discrete protonated ethylenediamine (NH2CH2CH2NH3)^ cations by the reaction of tetrabutyl ammonium decatungstate with catechol in the mixed solvent of CH3OH,CH3CN and ethylenediamine,and compared with its molybdenum anaogue [Mo^(V) O2(OC6H4O)2]^3- by crystal structure,UV,EPR,The results of the UV and EPR spectra show that tungsten is less redox active than molybdenum since the molybdenum is reduced from Mo(VI) to Mo(V) but tungsten stays in the original highest oxidized state Mo(VI) when they are crystallized from the solution above.It is worthy to note that [W^(VI)O2(OC6H4O)]^2- shows the same coordination structure as its molybdenum analogue in which the metal center exhibits distorted octahedral coordination geometry with two cis-dioxocatecholate ligands and might have the related coordination structure feature with the cofactor of flavoenzyme because [Mo^(V)O2(OC6H4O)2]^3- presented essentially the same EPR spectra as flavoenzyme.The NMR studies on the interaction of the title complex with ATP reveal that the reduction of W(VI) to W(V) occurs when the title complex is dissolved in D2O and the W(V) is oxidized again when ATP solution is mixed with original solution and the hydrolysis of the catecholato ligand take places at mean time being monitored by ^1H NMR and ^13C NMR spectra.  相似文献   

10.

The kinetics of cathodic reactions in ammonium acetate solutions proposed for electrodeposition of metallic molybdenum was studied. The reduction of molybdenum compounds in the oxidation state +6 was found to occur stepwise according to the scheme Mo(VI) → Mo(V) → Mo(III). The waves observed on the polarograms are complicated by adsorption effects. The reduction of molybdenum to the metallic state is possible only at high negative potentials of the cathode; under the polarographic analysis conditions, this wave was not recorded. The deposit that formed on the surface of the solid cathode during cathodic polarization (i = 0.5 A cm–2) contains both molybdenum in the metallic state and molybdenum oxides. The ratio between the electrolysis products depends on the temperature of solution: a decrease in the temperature leads to an increase in the amount of metallic molybdenum.

  相似文献   

11.
Treatment of [MoO2(eta2-Pz)2] (Pz = 3,5-di-tert-butylpyrazolate) with the diketiminate ligand NacNacH (NacNac = CH[C(Me)NAr]2-, Ar = 2,6-Me2C6H3) at 55 degrees C leads under reduction of the metal to the formation of the dimeric molybdenum(V) compound [{MoO2(NacNac)}2] (1). The compound was characterized by spectroscopic means and by X-ray crystal structure analysis. The dimer consists of a [Mo2O4]2+ core with a short Mo-Mo bond (2.5591(5) A) and one coordinated diketiminate ligand on each metal atom. The reaction of [MoO2(eta2-Pz)2] with NacNacH in benzene at room temperature leads to a mixture of 1 and the monomeric molybdenum(VI) compound [MoO2(NacNac)(eta2-Pz)] (2). From such solutions, yellow crystals of 2 suitable for X-ray structural analysis were obtained revealing the coordination of one bidentate NacNac and one eta2-coordinate Pz ligand. This renders the two oxo groups inequivalent. Further high oxidation state molybdenum compounds containing the NacNac ligand were obtained by the reaction of [Mo(NAr)2Cl2(dme)] (Ar = 2,6-Me2C6H3) and [Mo(N-t-Bu)2Cl2(dme)] (dme = dimethoxyethane) with 1 equiv of the potassium salt NacNacK forming [Mo(NAr)2Cl(NacNac)] (3) and [Mo(N-t-Bu)2Cl(NacNac)] (4), respectively, in good yields. The X-ray structure analysis of 3 revealed a penta-coordinate compound where the geometry is best described as trigonal-bipyramidal.  相似文献   

12.
A series of molybdenum and tungsten nitrido, [M(N)(X)(diphos)2], and imido complexes, [M(NH)(X)(diphos)2)]Y, (M = Mo, W) with diphosphine coligands (diphos = dppe/depe), various trans ligands (X = N3-, Cl-, NCCH3) and different counterions (Y-= Cl-, BPh4-) is investigated. These compounds are studied by infrared and Raman spectroscopies; they are also studied with isotope-substitution and optical-absorption, as well as emission, spectroscopies. In the nitrido complexes with trans-azido and -chloro coligands, the metal-N stretch is found at about 980 cm(-1); upon protonation, it is lowered to about 920 cm(-1). The 1A1 --> 1E (n --> pi) electronic transition is observed for [Mo(N)(N3)(depe)2] at 398 nm and shows a progression in the metal-N stretch of 810 cm(-1). The corresponding 3E --> 1A (pi --> n) emission band is observed at 542 nm, exhibiting a progression in the metal-N stretch of 980 cm(-1). In the imido system [Mo(NH)(N3)(depe)2]BPh4, the n --> pi transition is shifted to lower energy (518 nm) and markedly decreases in intensity. In the trans-nitrile complex [Mo(N)(NCCH3)(dppe)2]BPh4, the metal-N(nitrido) stretching frequency increases to 1016 cm(-1). The n --> pi transition now is found at 450 nm, shifting to 525 nm upon protonation. Most importantly, the reduction of this nitrido trans-nitrile complex is drastically facilitated compared to its counterparts with anionic trans-ligands (Epred = -1.5 V vs Fc+/Fc). On the other hand, the basicity of the nitrido group is decreased (pKa{[Mo(NH)(NCCH3)(dppe)2](BPh4)2} = 5). The implications of these findings with respect to the Chatt cycle are discussed.  相似文献   

13.
The behavior of molybdenum(III), tungsten(IV), and uranium(VI) ions in NaCl-2CsCl-eutectic-mixture-based melt at 550°C is studied by spectroelectrochemical method. Anodic oxidation of MoCl63− and WCl62− yields melt-soluble chloride compounds MoCl62− and WCl6 respectively. It is shown that the electrochemical recharging in the Mo(III)/Mo(IV) system is reversible; the formal standard potential E*Mo(IV)/Mo(III)and the Gibbs energy $ \Delta G_{MoCl_4 (melt)}^* $ \Delta G_{MoCl_4 (melt)}^* are evaluated. The cathodic reduction of U(VI) yields U(V) ions. The cathodic reduction of W(IV) ion does not yield melt-soluble tungsten compounds of lower oxidation state.  相似文献   

14.
A new alternative approach for the determination of molybdenum in steel is proposed, using adsorptive stripping voltammetry (AdSV). The determinations are performed in a homogeneous ternary solvent system (HTSS) composed of N,N-dimethylformamide, ethanol and water, with alpha-benzoinoxime (alpha BO) as the complexing agent and a sodium acetate-acetic acid buffer as the support electrolyte. The HTSS composition was optimized by mixture design modelling. The AdSV measurements were performed in the differential pulse mode using an accumulation potential of -1050 mV. Under these optimized experimental conditions, the Mo(VI)-alpha BO reduction current peak potential is observed at potentials near -1250 mV, much lower than those usually reported, and the calibration plot follows the polynomial equation I = 0.359 + 0.265 [CMo(VI)] - 0.015 [CMo(IV)]2 (r2 = 0.997), for Mo concentrations up to 10.0 micrograms L-1. There is a linear range in this calibration plot for Mo(VI) concentrations up to 0.20 microgram L-1, defined by the equation I = 0.353 + 0.385 [CMo(VI)] (r2 = 0.980). In both cases, I is the absolute value for the current in microA and CMo(VI) is the concentration of Mo in microgram L-1. The detection limit for this linear concentration range was estimated as 20 pg L-1. A RSD of 0.43% is associated with the signals at a Mo(VI) level of 0.72 microgram L-1. From the common method-interfering species tested, only iron at Fe/Mo(VI) ratios above 500 and vanadium and tungsten at M/Mo(VI) ratios above 100 appear to affect the analytical response significantly. Phosphorous may also reduce the analytical signal at P/Mo(VI) ratios above 100, due to the formation of the competitive P-Mo complex. The suggested routine procedure was tested by analyzing four stainless steel samples and the results compared well with the ICP-AES measurements. The higher sensitivity of this method permits direct determination of Mo(VI) in steels, eliminating the need of analyte concentration or separation steps in the sample processing procedure.  相似文献   

15.
The simultaneous determination of U(VI), Pu(VI), Pu(V) in 0.5–4.0 M NaOH has been elaborated by means of classical and differential pulse voltamperometry. U(VI) is determined with a dropping mercury electrode (DME) at the half-wave potential of E1/2=–0.89 V vs. Ag/AgCl reference electrode due to reduction to U(V). The limiting current or peak heights are proportional to uranium(VI) concentration in the range of 1.3.10–7–3·10–4 M U(VI). Deviation from proportionality is observed for higher concentrations due to polymerization of uranates. Pu(VI) and Pu(V) are determined with a platinum rotating electrode at E1/2=–0.02 V due to the reaction Pu(VI)+e»Pu(V) and with DME at E1/2=–1.1 V due to the reduction to Pu(III). The limiting currents of both Pu(VI) and Pu(V) are proportional to their concentrations in the range of 4·10–6–1.2·10–3 M Pu. The determination of U(VI), Pu(VI), Pu(V) is not interfered by the presence of the following salts: 2M NaNO3, 2M NaNO2, 1.5M NaAlO2, 0.5M NaF and ions of Mo(VI), W(VI), V(V), Cu(II). The presence of CrO 4 2– and FeO 2 ions disturbs the determination of U(VI) in 1–4M NaOH, however, contribution of the reaction Fe(III)+e»Fe(II) to uranium reduction peak can be calculated from the height of the second peak Fe(II)+2 e»Fe(0).  相似文献   

16.
钼-水杨基荧光酮-溴化十六烷基三甲基铵显色反应的研究   总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11  
在0.2-0.8/Ⅳ的盐酸介质中,钼(Ⅵ)与水杨基荧光酮以及溴化十六烷基三甲基铵,可以形成一红色三元络合物。络合物的最大吸收峰位于530纳米,表观摩尔吸光系数ε530=1.40×105。钼的浓度为0-8微克/25毫升时,络合物溶液的吸光度遵守比尔定律。三元络合物的组成经测定Mo:SAF:CTMAB=1:2:2。常见金属离子中,除钛与钨(Ⅵ)以外,均不干扰钼的测定。利用本显色反应,曾对多种合金钢中的钼含量进行了测定,取得了较好的效果。  相似文献   

17.
The adsorptive collection of the molybdenum (VI) complexed with 2-(2-benzothiazolylazo)-p-cresol (BTAC) coupled with the catalytic current of the adsorbed complex at a static mercury drop electrode yields an ultrasensitive voltammetric procedure for the determination of molybdenum. Optimal experimental conditions were: a stirred acetate buffer ¶0.2 M (pH 3.5) as supporting electrolyte, a BTAC concentration of 1.0 × 10–6 M as ligand, and a concentration of 0.1 M potassium nitrate as the oxidizing agent. In addition, a preconcentration potential of –0.080 V vs Ag/AgCl (3 M KCl), equilibration time of 15 s, a frequency of 30 Hz, a scan increment of 2 mV, a pulse amplitude of 0.050 mV, and a drop area of 0.032 cm2 were used. The cyclic voltammogram was recorded using a staircase wave with a scan rate of 100 mV/s. The forward scan starts at the initial potential of –0.080 V and is reversed at –0.90 V. Using the catalytic current at ~–0.55 V the response to the Mo(VI) was found to be linear over a concentration range of 1.0–10.0 μg/L. The limit of detection is as low as 6.2 × 10–10 M with 4 min of preconcentration time. The possible interference of other trace ions was investigated. The merits of this procedure are demonstrated using of reference samples.  相似文献   

18.
Nandi G  Sarkar S 《Inorganic chemistry》2012,51(11):6412-6420
A new route is developed for the synthesis of molybdenum and tungsten porphyrins using [M(NO)(2)py(2)Cl(2)] (M = Mo, W) as the metal source and TPP (dianion of 5,10,15,20-meso-tetraphenylporphyrin) in the benzoic acid melt. Complexes [Mo(V)O(TPP)(OOCPh)] (1) and [W(V)O(TPP)(OOCPh)] (2) are isolated in almost quantitative yield. These are characterized by single-crystal X-ray structure analysis, electron paramagnetic resonance, electronic and IR spectroscopy, and magnetic moment measurements. Benzenethiol substitutes for PhCOO(-) in 1, forming an intermediate thiolato complex that responds to the intramolecular redox reaction across the Mo(V)-SPh bond to yield [Mo(IV)O(TPP)] (3). Under an excess of benzenethiol, PhS(-) is coordinated to the vacant site in 3, which under aerial oxidation is oxidized to benzenesulfonate to form [Mo(V)O(TPP)(O(3)SPh)] (4). 2 undergoes similar aerial oxidation chemistry albeit slowly.  相似文献   

19.
Molybdenum(VI) is determined by anodic stripping voltammetry using a carbon paste electrode modified in situ with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The preconcentration of molybdenum is performed by adsorption and reduction of ion-pairs of cetyltrimethylammonium and molybdenum(VI) oxalate at a potential of −0.4 V vs. the saturated calomel electrode (SCE). The supporting electrolyte contains 0.01 M oxalic acid and 0.075 mM CTAB. Differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry exploiting the reoxidation signal is used for the determination of trace levels of molybdenum(VI). Linearity between current and concentration exists for a range of 0.5–500 μg 1−1 Mo with proper preconcentration times; the limit of detection (calculated as 3σ) is 0.04 μg 1−1 with an accumulation period of 10 min.  相似文献   

20.
We report the synthesis and characterization of five novel Mo-containing polyoxometalate (POM) bisphosphonate complexes with nuclearities ranging from 4 to 12 and with fully reduced, fully oxidized, or mixed-valent (Mo(V), Mo(VI)) molybdenum, in which the bisphosphonates bind to the POM cluster through their two phosphonate groups and a deprotonated 1-OH group. The compounds were synthesized in water by treating [Mo(V)(2)O(4)(H(2)O)(6)](2+) or [Mo(VI)O(4)](2-) with H(2)O(3)PC(C(3)H(6)NH(2))OPO(3)H(2) (alendronic acid) or its aminophenol derivative, and were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and (31)P NMR spectroscopy. (NH(4))(6)[(Mo(V)(2)O(4))(Mo(VI)(2)O(6))(2)(O(3)PC(C(3)H(6)NH(3))OPO(3))(2)]·12H(2)O (1) is an insoluble mixed-valent species. [(C(2)H(5))(2)NH(2)](4)[Mo(V)(4)O(8)(O(3)PC(C(3)H(6)NH(3))OPO(3))(2)]·6H(2)O (2) and [(C(2)H(5))(2)NH(2)](6)[Mo(V)(4)O(8)(O(3)PC(C(10)H(14)NO)OPO(3))(2)]·18H(2)O (4) contain similar tetranuclear reduced frameworks. Li(8)[(Mo(V)(2)O(4)(H(2)O))(4)(O(3)PC(C(3)H(6)NH(3))OPO(3))(4)]·45H(2)O (3) and Na(2)Rb(6)[(Mo(VI)(3)O(8))(4)(O(3)PC(C(3)H(6)NH(3))OPO(3))(4)]·26H(2)O (5) are alkali metal salts of fully reduced octanuclear and fully oxidized dodecanuclear POMs, respectively. The activities of 2-5 (which are water-soluble) against three human tumor cell lines were investigated in vitro. Although 2-4 have weak but measurable activity, 5 has IC(50) values of about 10 μM, which is about four times the activity of the parent alendronate molecule on a per-alendronate basis, which opens up the possibility of developing novel drug leads based on Mo bisphosphonate clusters.  相似文献   

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