耐高温聚酰亚胺树脂研究

综述了耐高温聚酰亚胺树脂及其碳纤维增强复合材料、耐高温聚酰亚胺超级工程塑料和高性能功能性聚酰亚胺薄膜等的研究进展。耐高温聚酰亚胺树脂包括第一代耐316℃系列、第二代耐371℃系列、第三代耐426℃3个系列的产品;耐高温聚酰亚胺超级工程塑料包括反应性热模压成型和高温注塑成型的材料;高性能聚酰亚胺薄膜包括透明性聚酰亚胺薄膜和抗原子氧PI薄膜树脂。本文介绍了它们的结构,工艺以及性能,并对其在航天、航空空间技术及微电子等其它领域中的应用情况做了简单的介绍。     

热固性聚酰亚胺树脂研究进展

热固性聚酰亚胺树脂是目前耐温等级最高的基体树脂之一, 以其为基础的复合材料在航空航天等领域有着广泛的应用。 本文对热固性聚酰亚胺树脂的研究进行了系统的综述, 并对其未来的发展方向进行了展望。     

聚联苯酰亚胺/聚硫醚酰亚胺共混体系的相容性

<正> 聚酰亚胺是一种性能极其优异的高性能树脂,它在许多高技术领域有着极其重要的应用价值。在80年代以前,人们工作的重点是合成出一系列分子结构不同的聚酰亚胺,研究分子结构与性能间的关系,开发聚酰亚胺新品种。自80年代后期,有关高性能树脂聚酰亚胺共混物的研究日益引起人们的关注,其中有关不同分子结构的聚酰亚胺/聚酰亚胺共     

以2-苯基-4,4'-二氨基二苯醚为基础的热固性聚酰亚胺树脂及其复合材料

以2-苯基-4,4'-二氨基二苯醚(p-ODA)、异构二苯醚二酐(ODPA)和苯乙炔基苯酐(PEPA)为原料,通过两步法合成了聚合度分别为1,2和3的酰亚胺树脂低聚物,并通过模压成型法制备了单向碳纤维增强的聚酰亚胺复合材料.表征了酰亚胺树脂低聚物的溶解性、熔体黏度及其固化物聚酰亚胺树脂的热性能,结果表明,聚酰亚胺树脂具有良好的溶解性,在N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)、四氢呋喃(THF)及1,4-二氧六环等溶剂中的溶解度大于30%;所有酰亚胺树脂低聚物的最低熔体黏度均在10 Pa·s以下,具有良好的成型工艺性;聚酰亚胺树脂具有良好的热性能,玻璃化转变温度(Tg)最高可达300℃,5%热失重温度(T5%)最高可达545℃,碳纤维增强聚酰亚胺复合材料PIC-4,4'-ODPA-2具有最佳的高低温力学性能.     

可溶性聚酰亚胺共聚物的制备及其性能

通过共缩聚及改变单体加料顺序和方法,得到了两系列共聚型聚酰亚胺,并应用Fr-IR、UV、X射线衍射、TGA、机械性能测试等方法,对所得聚酰亚胺树脂的性能进行了表征。结果表明,所得共聚型聚酰亚胺树脂成膜性能良好,能够得到坚韧且具有弹性的薄膜材料,其在400～450nm区域的透过性能良好,在有机溶剂中的溶解性能显著增强,并保持了聚酰亚胺特有的良好机械性能及耐热性能。     

热塑性聚酰亚胺及其改性材料的制备与性能

聚酰亚胺具有优异的耐高温性能,但其熔融、加工性能较差,限制了其广泛应用。通过在聚酰亚胺分子结构中引入柔性基团、设计分子结构的异构化等方法,可制备热塑性聚酰亚胺,使得其加工性能得到改善,并可通过挤出、注塑等成型加工。本文在对热塑性聚酰亚胺单体及其树脂的合成方法进行综述的基础上,讨论了热塑性聚酰亚胺改性尼龙、聚醚醚酮、环氧树脂等材料的制备方法和性能特点,并对聚酰亚胺改性工程塑料的未来发展方向进行展望。     

聚醚酰亚胺/酚酞型聚醚醚酮共混体系相容性的稀溶液粘度法研究

<正> 近年来,有关高性能树脂聚酰亚胺共混物的研究日益引起人们的关注。已经发现许多种分子结构不同的聚酰亚胺之间,聚酰亚胺与聚苯并咪唑,或聚醚醚酮能形成完全相容的共混体系,从而扩大了高性能树脂聚酰亚胺的应用范围。 酚酞型聚醚醚酮(PEK-C)是由我所研究开发出的一种新型的聚醚醚酮类高性能树脂,它具有良好的可溶性,优异的机械强度和加工流动性,已广泛应用于结构材料及复合材料的制备。为进一步扩大该树脂的应用范围,本实验室在PEK-C共混物的研究做了大量的工作。本工作研究了聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)/PEK-C共混体系的相容性。PEI和PEK-C的分子结构如下:     

适用于RTM成型聚酰亚胺材料研究进展

综述了适用于RTM成型耐高温聚酰亚胺材料的研究进展，主要包括降冰片烯酸酐（NA）封端的PMR聚酰亚胺树脂和使用苯乙炔基封端剂合成的酰亚胺低聚物，在这其中采用苯乙炔基封端剂合成的酰亚胺低聚物具有低的熔体粘度和良好的熔体稳定性，固化交联后的聚合物及树脂基复合材料具有良好的热性能和力学性能。本文介绍了上述聚合物化学合成、结构与性能之间的关系，并对适用于RTM成型耐高温聚酰亚胺材料的应用进行了简单介绍。     

热塑性/热固性聚合物共混体系研究——乙炔端基砜/聚砜共混物的动态固化动力学

近年来,半互穿聚合物网络(SIPN)概念被用来研制能结合热塑性聚合物的加工性和热固性聚合物的高温性能的大分子体系,用于复合材料耐高温树脂基体。例如:乙炔端基酰亚胺低聚物与热塑性聚酰亚胺基SIPN,线性聚酰亚胺与热固性双马来酰亚胺基SIPN以及热塑性树脂与双腈基SIPN已有报道。研究结果表明共混物起到协同作用,易于加工并具有优异的性能。乙炔端基砜(ATS)树脂具有与聚砜树脂相类似的结构,被认为在将来代替环氧用于高性能粘合剂和复合材料树脂基体的候选者之一。其另     

高性能聚酰亚胺热塑性树脂的工业化进展

介绍了40多年来国内外开发的高性能热塑性聚酰亚胺(Ployimide,简称PI)树脂的主要品种,如Vespel,Torlon,Ultem,Aurum等。如何使得这类材料同时具有优异的综合性能和熔融加工性是人们的研究焦点。本文还介绍了GE公司新近报道的新品种Extem和最近引起国内外同行关注的异构聚酰亚胺树脂。异构的聚酰亚胺是近几年新兴起的结构材料之一,与传统结构的聚酰亚胺比较,具有更高的玻璃化温度,良好的溶解性能,低的熔融粘度,宽的加工窗口,和相当的机械性能和热稳定性,是一种较有发展前景的结构材料。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.