微波辐射法合成4A沸石及表征

本文主要是采用微波辐照的方法合成4A沸石分子筛,并先后以纯化学原料,工业用高岭土为原料等进行合成,结果表明4A沸石合成的质量与微波功率及辐照时间密切相关,用高岭土为原料能合成出与化学法具有同等质量的4A沸石。     

纳米ZSM-5分子筛的合成与表征

水热法合成常规微米 ZSM- 5分子筛并使用其作为基准物 ,以中孔碳纳米管为惰性基体 ,限定空间尺寸法合成了 Si O2 /Al2 O3 =1 0 0的纳米 ZSM- 5分子筛。 X射线粉末衍射测定结果表明该合成产品具有典型的 ZSM- 5骨架结构和纳米尺寸。红外光谱显示所合成产品具有典型的 ZSM- 5型沸石分子筛的骨架振动 ,但与基准物相比较同时出现了蓝移和红移现象。透射电镜显示纯化后的碳纳米管具有 2 0— 30 nm的内径并已多处开口 ,晶粒度在 30— 6 0 nm之间。扫描电镜表明纳米沸石的存在 ,同时由于小尺寸效应该样品呈球形聚集态。该方法可用于合成不同晶粒大小的产品 ,且沸石的分离较容易。     

XRD粉末衍射法研究微波场作用下4A分子筛的合成

在微波场作用下合成了粒度均匀、白度和钙离子交换容量高、性能优异的4A分子筛。用XRD粉末衍射法研究了硅铝比、水钠比、微波功率和微波加热时间对微波合成4A分子筛的影响,找出了在微波场作用下合成4A分子筛的最佳条件,并用IR, SEM和DSC等方法对合成的产物进行了表征。     

以MCM-22分子筛为前驱体制备MCM-36分子筛

以MCM-22分子筛为前驱体,对原料配比和合成步骤等参数进行调变,探索了MCM-36分子筛的合成规律。通过X射线衍射、扫描电镜和N2吸附-脱附等表征方法对所合成的MCM-36分子筛物理化学性质进行表征。结果表明,以MCM-22为前驱体,溶胀原料质量配比为1∶3∶1.2时,MCM-36分子筛介孔和微孔比表面积最大。     

抑制β沸石骨架脱铝的焙烧研究

研究了因焙烧过程升温速率对β沸石模板剂的热分解过程的影响 ,不同升温速率下Naβ沸石焙烧的尾气组成 ;还测定了Naβ沸石的TG -DTG谱 ,40 0℃下Naβ沸石的FTIR谱图 ,以及在不同温度下焙烧 4h后的XRD谱图及2 9Si、2 7Al的NMR结果 .根据这些结果 ,提出了分段焙烧脱胺方法 ,使有机胺在 2 6 0～ 42 0℃间的两个恒温段充分发生Hofmann降解反应 ,从而使分解产生的乙烯和水蒸气能够随空气流自然排出焙烧体系 ,可使焙烧过程中产生的热能得到分阶段逐步地释放 ,同时可避免高温下沸石骨架水热脱铝的负作用 ,得到骨架脱铝少、结晶度高的脱胺 β沸石 .     

焙烧对醛氨缩合催化剂Co-ZSM-5分子筛核磁共振的影响

采用NMR研究了活化焙烧对Co-ZSM-5分子筛结构的影响。结果表明，焙烧使分子筛结构发生了较大变化，焙烧温度高于600℃，分子筛骨架脱铝明显；焙烧温度高于750℃，分子筛骨架结构遭到破坏。     

介孔分子筛Al-MCM-41的合成与催化异构化性能

采用正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为硅源,九水硝酸铝为铝源,十六烷基三甲基溴化胺(CTMABr)为模板剂,在室温条件下合成了介孔Al-MCM-41分子筛.通过XRD、N2等温吸附、SEM、FTIR等分析测试手段表征了分子筛的介孔结构和表面性质.结果表明所合成的分子筛有良好的介孔结构和较高的有序度,并且有较高的比表面积(达到816 m2·g-1)和窄的孔径分布.采用程序升温的焙烧方式、凝胶Al/Si比最大范围控制在0.06～0.13有利于合成高度有序的介孔Al-MCM-41分子筛.评价结果表明,所合成的Al-MCM-41分子筛对桥式四氢双环戊二烯(endo-TCD)异构化反应合成挂式异构体exo-TCD及金刚烷具有较高的催化活性和极高的选择性.     

YAG∶Ce3＋荧光粉的高温固相合成及发光研究

采用高温固相法合成YAG∶Ce3＋发光材料。用正交试验法设计实验,确定Ce3＋掺杂量、焙烧温度、焙烧时间的最佳条件。研究结果发现：（1）荧光粉发光强度的影响因素排列顺序是：焙烧温度＞焙烧时间＞Ce离子掺杂量。其中焙烧温度的影响最为关键,其次是焙烧时间的影响,而Ce离子掺杂量的影响较小。（2）用高温固相法制备YAG∶Ce3＋荧光粉的最佳工艺参数为：焙烧温度1600℃,Ce离子掺杂量0.10 mol ,焙烧时间4 h ,即 A5 B5 C3组合。依此条件,合成的荧光粉发光最好。另一个最优组合是：焙烧温度1600℃,Ce离子掺杂量0.08 mol ,焙烧时间4 h ,即A5 B4 C3组合。依此条件,合成的荧光粉发光也很好,但稍弱于A5B5C3组合。对合成YAG∶Ce3＋发光材料的激发（343和467 nm）、发射（529 nm）光谱的峰形变化及跃迁性质进行了深入分析及指认。     

表面润湿法合成β沸石体系中晶种作用的研究

系统研究了表面润湿法合成β沸石的体系中,干晶种、润湿态晶种、异晶晶种(Y沸石、ZSM 5沸石)以及碱处理β沸石晶种在此晶化体系中的作用.采用β沸石产品及异晶作晶种时,可使产品的相对结晶度稍有提高,但对沸石微晶核的结构导向作用不明显.经浓碱液处理20min后的β沸石产品(碱处理晶种)作晶种引入晶化体系后,可以显著提高产品的相对结晶度,降低模板剂的用量,缩短晶化诱导期,成为表面润湿法合成β沸石体系的有效晶种形式.     

红辉沸石合成A型分子筛的红外光谱研究

以天然红辉沸石合成了A型分子筛，通过XRD、IR光谱研究了其晶化过程。发现在1000-950cm^-1、750一600cm^-1、560cm^-1、460cm^-1处的红外吸收峰随结晶度有规律的变化，初步探讨其反应机理。     

非链式重复频率HF激光器激光介质净化技术

开展了分子筛对非链式电激励重频HF激光器中基态HF分子吸附技术研究,设计了新型的分子筛吸附装置,进行了大量的吸附实验,结果表明: 3A分子筛为有效的吸附剂,实现了HF激光器在50 Hz/20 s条件下运行时平均激光能量下降率小于5%,大大提高了激光能量的稳定性,延长了激光介质的使用寿命。开展了激光器工作于不同频率条件下使用3A型分子筛吸附装置时的激光能量情况研究,并通过实验方法获得了3A型分子筛的再生活化方法。     

Molecular dynamics simulations of binary mixtures of methane and hydrogen in zeolite A and a novel zinc phosphate

Molecular dynamics simulations have been used to study binary mixtures of hydrogen and methane in two molecular sieve structures, zeolite NaA and a novel zinc phosphate molecular sieve, Na₃ZnO(PO₄)₃, which has a pore size tuned to light gas separations. Simulations were run at high temperature, T = 500 °C. Equimolar mixtures of methane and hydrogen in both molecular sieve structures were simulated at loadings of 2–16 molecules per unit cell. Self-diffusion coefficients were calculated using the Einstein relationship. Hydrogen was found to have higher self-diffusion Coefficients than methane in both the molecular sieve structures under study. However, in the zinc phosphate molecular sieve the methane remained immobile, allowing for purification and separation of hydrogen, whereas in Zeolite A the methane experienced appreciable cage-to-cage motion.     

Effect of the thermal and hydrothermal treatment on textural properties of Zr-MCM-41 mesoporous molecular sieve

Zr-containing mesoporous molecular sieves were synthesized by hydrothermal method using cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide as a template and sodium silicate and zirconium sulfate as raw materials. The structure and morphology of the synthesized samples were characterized via various physicochemical methods, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (²⁹Si MAS-NMR) techniques, thermal gravimetric-differential scanning calorimeter (TG-DSC) and N₂ physical adsorption, respectively. The effect of the different initial ZrO₂:SiO₂ molar ratio, the different thermal treatment temperature and the different hydrothermal treatment time on textural property was investigated. The experimental results reveal that the as synthesized samples possess a typical mesoporous structure of MCM-41. On the other hand, the specific surface area and pore volume of the synthesized Zr-MCM-41 mesoporous molecular sieve decrease with the increase of the amount of zirconium incorporated in the starting material, the rise of thermal treatment temperature and the prolonging of hydrothermal treatment time, the mesoporous ordering becomes poor. Also, when the molar ratio of ZrO₂:SiO₂ in the starting material is 0.1, the mesoporous structure of the Zr-MCM-41 mesoporous molecular sieve still retains after calcination at 750 °C for 3 h or hydrothermal treatment at 100 °C for 6 d, and have specific surface areas of 423.9 and 563.9 m²/g, respectively.     

Effect of reaction parameters on the growth of MWCNTs using mesoporous Sb/MCM-41 by chemical vapour deposition

Mesoporous Si-MCM-41 molecular sieve was synthesized hydrothermally and different wt.% of Sb (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0 and 20.0) was loaded on it by wet impregnation method. The Sb/MCM-41 materials were characterized by various physico-chemical techniques such as XRD, TGA and TEM. The TEM image showed a honeycomb structure of the host material. They were used as catalytic templates for the growth of MWCNTs by CVD method with different temperatures at 700, 800, 900 and 1000 °C using acetylene as a carbon precursor. The reaction temperature was optimized for the better formation of MWCNTs and they were purified and then characterized by XRD, SEM, HR-TEM and Raman spectroscopy techniques. The formation of MWCNTs with diameter in the range of 4−6 nm was observed from HR-TEM. The good thermal stability and high productivity of catalyst observed in this study revealed that the 2 wt.% Sb loaded MCM-41 could be a promising support for the catalytic synthesis of MWCNTs at 800 °C by CVD method.     

有序介孔SBA-15复合稀土Tb络合物的制备和发光特性

以三嵌段化合物P123为模板剂、正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为硅源,利用水热法制备出有序介孔二氧化硅SBA-15,随后利用3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(APTES)、乙酰丙酮(ACAC)分步对该有序介孔材料进行改性,再将其置于乙醇溶液中,加入三价稀土Tb的盐溶液进行络合,制备出具有强发光性能的有序介孔纳米复合稀土材料。采用XRD、FTIR和荧光光谱等分析方法对复合材料的结构与性能进行了研究。发现有序介孔材料、第二配体(邻菲口罗啉Phen)对稀土络合物发光强度有重要影响,并对其机理进行了解释。另外,发现其热稳定性也有所提高。     

Facile synthesis of micron‐sized hollow copper spheres with ZSM‐5 molecular sieve as a template

A new, well‐designed type of micron‐sized hollow copper spheres was synthesized in this article. The process was performed using ZSM‐5 molecular sieve as a template. It has the prominent advantage in that the various stages of pretreatment for the core material can be omitted because of the inherent nature of the ZSM‐5 molecular sieve. The surface of the sieve consists entirely of negatively charged oxygen sites such that free Cu²⁺ ions can easily be adsorbed and reduced there, acting thereafter as a seed and self‐catalyst for electroless plating of copper so as to lead to the formation of interconnected Cu particles around the external surface of the ZSM‐5 molecular sieve. Moreover, there are many holes with a size of more than 5 × 5 Ų on the surface of the ZSM‐5 molecular sieve, which can act as concavities that the reduced Cu can ‘rivet’ into, resulting in the link between the molecular sieve and the reduced Cu being stronger. In addition, the ZSM‐5 molecular sieve has the merits of ease of removal, low cost, and less aggregation owing to its micrometer size, and it avoids the use of nonvolatile surfactants, which may be adsorbed onto the reduced Cu and then interfere with the possible application of the hollow copper spheres in catalysis and in analytical devices based on surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy. The copper spheres obtained show enhanced Raman scattering in the presence of adsorbed 4‐mercaptobenzoic acid (4‐MBA) with excitation at 632.8 nm, and the enhancement factor reaches ∼7 × 10³. The new micron‐sized hollow copper spheres are produced in a simple and cost‐effective method; so they are expected to play an important role in the fields of catalysts, fillers, and engineering, and in the development of SERS‐based analytical devices. The synthetic method may represent a novel route to prepare hollow metal spheres, which is a subject of intense interest. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-x)分子筛的制备与应用

用不同原料或加入添加剂的方法研究了 YBa2 Cu3O7- x( YBCO)对氧的“呼吸”性能的影响。研究发现 ,加入 5 %～ 1 0 %的萘作为添加剂是提高 YBCO分子筛除氧效果的有效途径。利用加萘的YBCO分子筛已经生产出高纯氮气     

高铁酸钾制备新方法与光谱表征

以次氯酸钙为原料制备了高纯度高铁酸钾,研究内容包括:高铁酸钾的性质反应温度对产率的影响,重结晶温度对产率的影响,反应时间对产率的影响,次氯酸钙用量对产率的影响。确定了反应温度为25℃,重结晶温度为0℃,反应时间为40 min,反应所需的次氯酸钙用量为理论用量的1.2倍,产率为75%以上。利用直接分光光度法对产物纯度进行了分析,测得产物纯度达到92%以上。论文以红外光谱法、紫外分光光度法、X衍射法对产物进行表征,证明以次氯酸钙为原料制得的产物为高铁酸钾。     

Conversion of silica by-product into zeolites by thermo-sonochemical treatment

The fine powdered silica by-product of processing of aluminum fluoride (fertilizer plant, Lithuania) was used for zeolite synthesis as silica and aluminum source. The effect of sonication time and the time of hydrothermal synthesis on crystallinity of the synthesized zeolite were studied. This allowed the transformation of the by-product to the mixture of Na–P zeolite and Na–X zeolite. It was determined that ultrasonic-assisted hydrothermal action effected the “diamond” shape formation of Na–P zeolite with clear crystal edges. Na–P zeolite had the morphology of pseudo-spherical forms constituted by small plates when hydrothermal treatment (without sonication) was use for the preparation of zeolites. Moreover, it was determined that ultrasonic-assisted hydrothermal method effected a reduction in the crystal size compared with the zeolites which were synthesized only by using hydrothermal synthesis. The total amount of zeolites as high as 88–93% was achieved after 24 h of hydrothermal treatment followed or unfollowed by sonication. By using longer duration (20 min) of ultrasound pretreatment it is possible to reduce the duration of hydrothermal synthesis: from 24 h to 12 h of hydrothermal treatment. In this case, similar results of total amount of zeolites were detected. In the present work, low-cost raw materials, such as silica by-product have been investigated for the production of zeolites.