微波辐射下2-[4-二-(4-氟苯)甲基]哌嗪乙酰腙化合物的合成

微波辐射条件下, 以丙酮作溶剂, 1-[二-(4-氟苯)甲基]哌嗪与氯乙酸乙酯反应得到2-[二-(4-氟苯)甲基]哌嗪乙酸乙酯(1), 1与水合肼在微波辐射条件下反应得到2-[二-(4-氟苯)甲基]哌嗪乙酰肼(2), 进一步在微波辐射条件下由2-[二- (4-氟苯)甲基]哌嗪乙酰肼(2)与取代芳香醛反应制得目标化合物3a～3f. 合成的6个目标化合物通过熔点测定和质谱、红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱分析、元素分析对其结构进行确证.     

4-氯酚在TiO2纳米膜上光催化降解及反应动力学特征

氯酚(ＣＰ)化合物被广泛应用于木材防腐、金属防锈及杀虫剂等,因其毒性大、难降解,对环境造成严重污染[1,2]。目前用于ＣＰ的光催化降解的ＴｉＯ2粉体悬浮体系,催化剂不易回收利用。本文采用Ｓｏｌ Ｇｅｌ法制备的负载型ＴｉＯ2纳米粒子膜作为光催化剂,对4 ＣＰ进行了降解实验研究。同时应用ＸＲＤ法表征了不同实验条件下薄膜中ＴｉＯ2的晶相结构和粒度,考察了不同层数ＴｉＯ2膜的光催化活性,并对4 ＣＰ的降解条件及反应动力学特征进行了探讨。1　实验部分1.1　玻璃负载ＴｉＯ2膜的制备与表征[3-5]按照钛酸四丁酯∶无水乙醇∶水=3∶12∶…     

双水杨醛缩乙二胺稀土配合物的合成及表征

近年来对近红外发光稀土配合物的研究逐渐引起人们的重视[1 7]。本文合成了双水杨醛缩乙二胺(Ｃ16Ｈ16Ｎ2Ｏ2,Ｈ2Ｌ)合Ｎｄ(Ⅲ)、Ｇｄ(Ⅲ)、Ｙｂ(Ⅲ)配合物,报道该Ｓｈｉｆｆ碱配体对Ｎｄ(Ⅲ)、Ｙｂ(Ⅲ)离子近红外发光的敏化作用。1　实验部分浓盐酸和盐酸羟胺溶解稀土氧化物(广东珠江冶炼厂产品,纯度大于99 95%)并将所得溶液蒸至近干,得到相应的稀土氯化物,加入无水乙醇溶解得ＬｎＣｌ3(Ｌｎ=Ｎｄ,Ｙｂ,Ｇｄ),回流条件下将稀土氯化物乙醇溶液逐滴加入双水杨醛缩乙二胺[8]乙醇溶液中,稀土氯化物和配体为1∶2(Ｖ∶Ｖ)。回流反应10ｈ后得…     

微波加热三氯化钕助染羊毛酸性染料染色研究

微波辐射技术在 70年代以后发展到化学领域 ,并得到广泛应用[1] 。利用微波辐射 ,常可大大加快反应速度 ,极大缩短反应时间。而稀土在毛纤维染色和鞣革中的应用已逐渐推广[2～ 5] ,但以微波辐射进行纤维染色的应用和研究鲜见报道 ,三氯化钕助染羊毛酸性染料也未见系统研究。本文研究酸性大红ＧＲ、酸性大红 3Ｒ在微波辐射下的染料稳定性、染羊毛时的上染率 ,对耐洗色牢度、耐熨烫色牢度、耐摩擦色牢度、耐汗渍色牢度进行了测定 ,并分析了微波染色的工艺条件。1　实验部分1 1　试剂材料色牢度专用羊毛布 (上海市纺织工业技术监督所 ) ;三氯…     

相转移催化合成对甲氧基肉桂酸-2-乙基己酯的研究

对甲氧基肉桂酸 2 乙基己酯是一种有效的ＵＶＢ防晒剂[1 ,2 ] ,一般采用Ｃｌａｉｓｅｎ Ｓｃｈｍｉｄｔ缩合反应制得[3] ,但由于催化剂ＫＯＨ处于水相 ,对反应物不能充分起到催化作用导致产率较低[4] 。我们利用乙二醇 (ＰＥＧ)为相转移催化剂合成立体专一的反式对甲氧基肉桂酸 2 乙基己酯 ,产率提高到 72 .5 %。合成路线如下 :1　实验部分1 .1　仪器与试剂ＢＩＯ ＲＡＰＦＴ45 0红外光谱仪 ,用液膜法测试 ;Ｂｒｕｒｅｒ ＡＭ 30 0超导核磁共振仪 (溶剂ＤＣ Ｃｌ3) ;ＭＡＴ/44Ｓ ,ＧＣ ＭＳ型色质联用谱仪 ;试剂均为分析纯 ,上海化学试剂…     

合成文拉法星的2-氮杂-1,3-丁二烯杂Diels-Alder反应与其 单分子环合竞争反应的研究

研究了不同的Lewis酸催化剂、温度、微波等条件下, 4-(4-甲氧苯基)-1-苯基-3-三甲基硅氧基-2-氮杂-1,3-丁二烯(2-ABDE)和亲二烯体环己酮发生杂Diels-Alder反应生成[4＋2]的六元环合产物噁嗪酮衍生物, 伴随的2-ABDE的 [2＋2]单分子环合, 生成单环β-内酰胺衍生物. 结果表明: 在低温条件下如(－78 ℃)[4＋2]反应占主导; 而在高温条件下(如135 ℃)仅进行[2＋2]反应. 微波加热方式可显著提高[2＋2]反应的速率和产率. 不同的Lewis酸催化剂对[2＋2]反应和[4＋2]反应的催化效率不同. Lewis酸的酸性强弱、软硬对2-ABDE的[2＋2]反应的催化能力起决定性作用.     

微波法合成S-苄基半胱氨酰甘氨酸乙酯

微波条件下,溴化氢醋酸对S-苄基-N-苄氧羰基半胱氨酰甘氨酸乙酯(1)进行脱保护反应,合成了S-苄基半胱氨酰甘氨酸乙酯(2).最佳反应条件为:1 2.9 mmol,n(1):n(HBr-AcOH)=1:6,微波功率200 W,于30 ℃辐射20 min,2的收率为87%.其结构经~1H NMR和IR表征.     

SiC管中微波辅助芳烃钌（Ⅱ）化合物[（η6-C6H6）Ru（H2iiP）Cl]Cl的合成

使用SiC管为反应容器,在微波辐射条件下以[(η6-C6H6)RuCl2]2为原料与2-(吲哚基)咪唑[4,5-f]-[1,10]菲啰啉(H2iiP)反应,制得芳烃钌(Ⅱ)化合物[(η6-C6H6)Ru(H2iiP)Cl]Cl(1),并对其进行了表征.采用正交实验法确定反应的最佳合成条件为:投料比n([(η6-C6H6)RuCl2]2)∶n(H2iiP)=1∶2.2,反应温度90℃,微波辐射时间30 min.该反应的平均产率达到96.0%,反应产率的相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.28%,说明微波辐射条件下,在SiC管中能够高产率地制备芳烃钌化合物,并且反应具有良好的重现性.进一步采用MTT方法研究发现,芳烃钌(Ⅱ)化合物1能够选择性抑制MCF-7乳腺癌的生长.     

微波辅助合成芳烃钌（Ⅱ）配合物[（η6-RC6H5）Ru（m-MOPIP）Cl]Cl

运用微波辅助合成技术,在二氯甲烷溶液中,60℃条件下,Pyrex管中微波辐射30 min制备得到芳烃钌(Ⅱ)化合物[(η6-RC6H5)Ru(m-MOPIP)Cl]Cl(R=H 3a,R=CH33b;m-MOPIP=2-(3-甲氧苯基)-咪唑并[4,5f][1,10]菲啰啉),反应产率分别为90%和91%,目标化合物运用1H NMR,13C NMR,IR,ESI-MS以及1H-1H COSY进行表征;在相同条件下SiC管中,屏蔽微波辐射对反应的影响,3a和3b的产率分别为89%和90%,说明微波"非热效应"对芳烃钌(Ⅱ)配合物的合成没有显著影响.     

稀土元素与NEB二元配合物的pH电位法分析

氨三乙氧基三苯甲酸(ＮＥＢ)(ＮＥＢ·ＨＣｌ的分子结构式见下图)作为有立体选择性的配体,它与铀酰离子ＵＯ2(Ⅱ)配位作用已有报导[1]。在对ＮＥＢ质子化常数及二元体系Ｍ(Ⅱ)-ＮＥＢ·ＨＣｌ(Ｍ=Ｃｄ、Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｕ和Ｚｎ)配合物的稳定常数测定的基础上[2],本文在25℃及离子强度为0 2ｍｏｌ/ＬＫＮＯ3的条件下,用精密ｐＨ电位法考察二元体系ＲＥ(ＩＩＩ)—ＮＥＢ(ＲＥ=Ｌａ→Ｎｄ,Ｓｍ→Ｌｕ,Ｙ)中存在的配合物物种及其稳定常数。ＮＥＢ·ＨＣｌ结构式1　实验部分1 1　试剂和仪器ＮＥＢ·ＨＣｌ(Ｈ3Ｌ·ＨＣｌ,Ｌ3-=Ｃ27Ｈ24ＮＯ9)…     

Dielectric relaxation studies of 1-hexanol and 1,2-hexanediol in heptane

Solutions of 1-hexanol and 1,2-hexanediol in heptane have been investigated tigated by means of dielectric time domain spectroscopy (TDS). The permittivity spectrum of 1-hexanol in heptane is characterized by a model function containing a sum of three elementary Debye dispersions, while 1,2-hexanediol in heptane is best described by a Cole-Davidson model function. It is shown that dilute solutions of 1-hexanol in heptane have a completely different behavior to that of 1,2-hexanediol. For the diol, the relaxation time levels off at a high value indicating an existence of higher hydrogen bonded complexes. It is possible to quantify the relative amount of monomeric 1-alcohol molecules from the dielectric spectrum. The monomerization rate for 1-hexanol upon dilution with heptane is initially low, but increases rapidly for mole fractions of heptane exceeding 0.4.     

Static Dielectric Constants and Kirkwood Correlation Factor of the Binary Mixtures of N-Methylformamide with Formamide,N,N-Dimethylformamide and N,N-Dimethylacetamide

Static dielectric constant values of the binary mixtures of N-methylformamide with formamide, N,N-dimethylformamide and N,N-dimethylacetamide have been measured in the whole composition range at 303 K. The Kirkwood correlation factor values of the amide–amide mixtures were determined from the measured values of the static dielectric constant and high-frequency limit dielectric constant. The evaluated values of the excess dielectric constant and deviation in the Kirkwood correlation factor infer that deviations of their mixture values occur from the mole-fraction mixture law. Results confirm that there are strong hydrogen-bond interactions between unlike molecules of amide–amide mixtures and that 1:1 complexes are formed.     

Dielectric and shear mechanical relaxations in glass-forming liquids: a test of the Gemant-DiMarzio-Bishop model

The Gemant-DiMarzio-Bishop model, which connects the frequency-dependent shear modulus to the frequency-dependent dielectric constant, is reviewed and a new consistent macroscopic formulation is derived. It is moreover shown that this version of the model can be tested without fitting parameters. The reformulated version of the model is analyzed and experimentally tested. It is demonstrated that the model has several nontrivial qualitative predictions: the existence of an elastic contribution to the high-frequency limit of the dielectric constant, a shift of the shear modulus loss peak frequency to higher frequencies compared with the loss peak frequency of the dielectric constant, a broader alpha peak, and a more pronounced beta peak in the shear modulus when compared with the dielectric constant. It is shown that these predictions generally agree with experimental findings and it is therefore suggested that the Gemant-DiMarzio-Bishop model is correct on a qualitative level. The quantitative agreement between the model and the data is on the other hand moderate to poor. It is discussed if a model-free comparison between the dielectric and shear mechanical relaxations is relevant, and it is concluded that the shear modulus should be compared with the rotational dielectric modulus, 1(epsilon(omega)-n2), which is extracted from the Gemant-DiMarzio-Bishop model, rather than to the dielectric susceptibility or the conventional dielectric modulus M=1epsilon(omega).     

The effect of solvents on the radiation-induced polymerization of ethyl and isopropyl vinyl ethers

The radiation-induced cationic polymerization of ethyl and isopropyl vinyl ethers was studied in a variety of solvents. The propagation rate constants were estimated and found to vary widely with the nature of the solvent. In particular, a good linear relationship existed between the logarithms of the rate constants and the reciprocal of the dielectric constants. The lowest rates were those of the highest dielectric constant solvents. These results have been interpreted in terms of the Laidler and Eyring theory of ion-molecule reactions. Isopropyl vinyl ether polymerizes much faster than ethyl vinvl ether, although the rates approach the same value at infinite dielectric constant. In contrast, “free” carbenium ion polymerizations initiated by stable carbenium ion salts in methylene chloride solution had similar values for both monomers. A comparison is made between the rate constants obtained with both methods of initiation.     

酶催化拆分制备手性2-氯-1-(2,4-二氟苯基)乙醇及 光学活性抗真菌药物的合成

用Pseudomonas stutzeri脂肪酶催化转酯化反应动力学拆分外消旋体法制备高对映体纯的手性2-氯-1-(2,4-二氟苯基)乙醇, 得到95.8% ee值的(R)-异构体和94.5% ee值的(S)-异构体, 以此手性醇为关键中间体合成了4种具有抗真菌活性的光学活性化合物α-氯代苄氧基-β-(1-咪唑基)-2,4-二氟乙苯硝酸盐. 纸片扩散法测试体外抗真菌活性结果表明, 对各种念珠菌(Candida species) (R)-5a和(R)-5b具有与氟康唑相当的抗菌活性, 特别是对氟康唑耐药的烟曲霉菌(Aspergillus fumigatus), 5a, 5b及其两种光学活性异构体均有优异的抗菌活性, 而且(R)-异构体的活性明显高于(S)-异构体和外消旋体.     

Excess molar volumes of 1-alcohol + aliphatic monoethers at 298.15 K

Excess molar volumes V^E at 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure for 1-propanol and 1-hexanol + butyl methyl ether, + dipropyl ether or + dibutyl ether with a vibrating-tube densimeter. The V^E are negative over the whole mole-fraction range and nearly have been calculated from densities measured symmetrical for all the systems investigated. For each monoether, the V^E decreases as the chain length of the 1-alcohol increases. For each 1-alcohol, the V^E increases as the chain length of the symmetrical di-n-alkyl ethers increases. Moreover, for the butyl methyl ether (an asymmetrical monoether), the V^E is more positive than of the immediately higher symmetrical dipropyl ether. These results, together with previously published excess molar enthalpies H^E, suggest the formation of hydrogen bonds between the functional group (---OH) of the 1-alcohol and the (---O---) atoms of the monoethers.     

Dielectric properties and surface morphology of swift heavy ion beam irradiated polycarbonate films

Swift heavy ion beam irradiation induces modification in the dielectric properties and surface morphologies of polycarbonate (PC) films. The PC films were irradiated by 55 MeV energy of C⁵⁺ beam at various ions fluences ranging from 1 × 10¹¹ to 1 × 10¹³ ions cm^?2. The dielectric properties (i.e., dielectric constant, dielectric loss, and AC conductivity) and surface morphologies of pristine and SHI beam irradiated PC films were investigated by dielectric measurements, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and optical microscopy. The dielectric measurements show that the dielectric constant, dielectric loss, and AC conductivity increase with ion fluences and temperature, however, the dielectric constant and AC conductivity decrease while dielectric loss increases with frequency. AFM shows the increase in average roughness values with ion fluences. The change of color in PC films has been observed from colorless to yellowish and then dark brown with increases of ion fluence by using optical microscopy.     

Determination of dielectric constant of polyethylene terephthalate fibres. A new approach for method of mixtures

The method of mixtures for determining dielectric constant was applied to mixtures of polyethylene with polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibres using measurements for a wide range of values of fibre-fraction. Values of dielectric constant for PET fibres with electric field perpendicular to the fibre axis were 3.58 at 1 kHz and 3.36 at 10 kHz. An empirical method of extrapolation is suggested to simplify the determination of dielectric constant by the method of mixtures.     

Effect of sulphur on both thermal and dielectric properties of pre-compressed FEF black-loaded SBR vulcanizates

The thermal properties (thermal conductivity λ, thermal diffusivity a, and specific heat C_p) as well as the dielectric constant ε′ and dielectric loss ε′ of conductive styrene butadiene rubber loaded with different concentrations of sulphur were measured. It was found that both λ and C_p increase gradually at around 1 phr of sulphur content. Meanwhile, the dielectric constant ε′, showed a pronounced peak at 2 phr of sulphur content. Moreover, the effect of hydrostatic pressure on the dielectric constant ε′ and dielectric loss ε′ was found to rise with pre-compression.