Fe基纳米晶合金的晶化机理研究

根据用原子力显微镜对在不同温度下晶化的Fe基非晶合金薄带三维介观结构的观察,结合X射线衍射、Mssbauer谱等前人已有的实验结果并在目前已有的理论研究基础上,对Fe基非晶合金薄带在不同温度下的晶化过程进行了系统的分析、研究,提出了两种Nb-B框架介观结构、团聚相和单位体积纳米晶粒平均数等新概念,建立了Fe基纳米晶合金的晶化机理假说,提出了描述Fe基非晶合金晶化过程的介观织构模型.这个模型能够演化成二相结构模型和三相互套结构模型,还可以合理地解释现有的实验结果以及500—600℃退火中Fe基纳米晶巨磁阻 关键词： Fe基纳米晶合金 晶化机理 两种Nb-B框架介观结构 团聚相     

铁基纳米晶合金介观结构的等效RLC并联模型

根据实验研究成果提出纳米晶合金软磁性能受其介观结构影响的观点，建立了Fe基纳米晶合金的球状介观结构模型，分别求出只有交变磁场或交变磁场和静磁场作用时纳米晶粒球的频率函数——D函数.分析表明，两种D函数都是复变函数，其实部Re(D)为纳米晶电感性质和电容性质的反映，虚部Im(D)为纳米晶电阻性质的反映，据此建立了Fe基纳米晶合金介观结构的等效RLC并联模型.由该模型求得合金产生极值巨磁电阻的条件为v_extGMI=v|_Re(D)=0，决定因素有μ,σ,ω,R和H_ex及微观磁结构. 关键词： Fe基纳米晶合金 等效RLC并联模型 球状介观结构模型 频率函数     

介观结构对纳米晶软磁合金巨磁阻抗效应影响的理论分析

根据用原子力显微镜对Fe基纳米晶Fe_73.5Cu₁Nb₃Si_13.5B₉合金薄带的介观结构和巨磁阻抗效应的实验研究结果，提出了纳米晶软磁合金巨磁阻抗效应受其介观结构影响的理论模型.该模型成功地解释了低频对纳米晶软磁合金巨磁阻抗效应的影响，反映了现有“三明治”理论的主要特征，并弥补了它的不足；同时指出了纳米晶粒电导率σ、磁导率μ对合金巨磁阻抗效应有影响. 关键词： 铁基纳米晶合金 介观结构 巨磁阻抗效应 介观模型     

铁基合金薄带多次等温回火特性的研究

Fe基合金薄带的磁性能对应力敏感,特别是退火过程应力感生磁各向异性是否可以用回火方法消除,是一个令人感兴趣的科学问题.本文采用同步辐射X射线衍射技术,观测Fe_(73.5)Cu1Nb_3Si_(13.5)B_9非晶薄带经外加394.7 MPa应力540℃保温30 min退火后,进行多次等温回火样品的微观结构,用SupereyesB011型显微摄像机记录样品应力退火和回火过程的宏观伸长量,并利用HP4294A型阻抗分析仪测量相应样品的磁各向异性.对实验数据进行曲线拟合后发现,虽然应力退火过程的残余应力引起的晶格各向异性是产生磁各向异性的主要原因,但不是唯一原因,在应力退火过程中非晶基底的蠕变引起的纳米晶晶粒定向团聚,也是应力退火感生磁各向异性的重要原因;而且,因应力退火过程中非晶基底的蠕变引起纳米晶晶粒定向团聚感生的磁各向异性无法用等温回火方法完全消除.     

铁基纳米晶合金的介观阻抗率及应用

提出了铁基纳米晶合金介观阻抗率的物理概念,用Maxwell方程组求得其计算公式ρ=-μ{A}/{t}/Δ×H,该式表明铁基纳米晶合金的介观阻抗率与材料内部的介观磁场强度H、介观磁矢势A和介观磁导率μ有关,磁矢势A是由介观结构引起的量子力学效应,是由合金的微观结构决定的.这个理论很好地解释了铁基纳米晶粉末、粉芯 关键词： Fe基纳米晶合金 介观阻抗率     

频率对纳米晶软磁合金磁性能影响的理论解释

根据原子力显微镜（AFM）对Fe基纳米晶Fe_735Cu₁Nb_{3< /sub>Si135B9合金薄带的介观结构的研究结果，提出了解释纳米晶软磁合金磁性能的理论模型——柱、球混合模型，并成功地解释了频率对纳米晶软磁合金磁性能的影响，所得理论体现了Herzer理论和纪松理论的特点，并弥补了它们的不足，同时提出了纳米晶粒电导率σ、磁导率μ对合金磁性有影响的观点. 关键词： 铁基纳米晶合金 模型 频率 软磁性能}     

Fe39.4－xCo40Si9B9Nb2.6Cux纳米晶合金的有效磁各向异性研究

采用多晶材料趋近饱和定律研究了非晶Fe_39.4-xCo₄₀Si₉B₉Nb_2.6Cu_x(x=0.5,1,1.5) 合金在不同温度纳米晶化后的有效磁各向异性常数〈K〉.结果表明， Cu含量较低(x=0.5)时，纳米晶粒较大并且在较低的退火温度(550℃)下析出硬磁相，〈K〉随退火温度T_a升高显著增加；随着Cu含量的增加，有效地细化了晶粒，并且抑制了硼化物的析出，〈K〉明显减小.讨论了〈K〉与晶粒尺寸D及初始磁导率的关系. 关键词： 纳米晶 有效磁各向异性 磁导率 FeCo基合金     

纳米复合Fe-R-O(R=Hf Nd Dy)薄膜面内铁磁共振研究

用反应溅射方法制备了FeRO(R=Hf, Nd, Dy) 薄膜，并在400℃时对样品进行退火处理，x射线衍射和电子衍射结果显示纳米量级的Fe晶粒镶嵌在非晶氧化物基质中.用面内铁磁共振技术仔细测量了样品的共振吸收谱，并分析了局域磁化强度Ms与晶粒尺寸的关系.制备态样品呈现出显著的面内单轴各向异性，退火后单轴各向异性显著减弱，取而代之的是较弱的磁晶各向异性.利用公式(ω/γ)2=(Hres+HK)(Hres+HK+4πMs)求出局域磁化强度Ms，它随晶粒尺寸减小而减小，在晶粒尺寸为5nm时仅约为Fe体材料饱和磁化强度的30%.局域磁化强度与根据Fe的体积百分比算出的体磁化强度相比偏小，并与晶粒尺寸的倒数呈线性关系，说明在晶粒表面存在较强的磁矩钉扎效应. 关键词： 铁磁共振 局域磁化强度 单轴各向异性 磁晶各向异性     

Fe-Cu-Nb-Si—B纳米晶合金的有效磁各向异性随退火温度的变化

研究了经不同退火温度处理的Fe(?)Cu_2Nb_3Si_(?)B,纳米晶合金的有效磁各向异性〈k〉的变化,得出该合金在T_a=480—550℃之间退火后的有效磁各向异性〈k〉比相应成份的α-Fe(Si)固溶体晶粒的磁晶各向异性K_1小一个数量级,但随T_a的开高有效磁各向异性〈k〉只稍有变大,为860—910J.m~(-1),而起始磁导率在T_a=550℃时达到最大值.这一软磁性能的改善主要是由合金的磁致伸缩系数λ_(?)的明显变小造成的,而与有效磁各向异性〈k〉的变化无关. 关键词：     

FeCo基纳米晶合金高温交换耦合作用机理

研究了500和600℃真空退火后的纳米晶Fe_38.4Co₄₀Si₉B₉Nb_2.6Cu合金初始磁导率随温度的变化规律,发现较高温度(600℃)退火的FeCo基纳米晶合金,在非晶相居里温度以上较宽温度范围内磁导率没有明显的衰减,这是在双相纳米晶合金中观察到的一种新现象,其磁特性不同于Fe基纳米晶合金.为了探明这种现象的起源,估算了与剩余非晶相同成分的非晶合金的居里温度及纳米晶粒间发生交换耦合作用的参数 关键词： 交换耦合作用 非晶相居里温度 交换耦合穿透深度     

High frequency behaviours and Mssbauer study of field annealed FeCuNbSiB alloy ribbons

This paper investigates the high frequency behaviours and magnetic anisotropy of rapidly solidified FINEMET (Fe73.5Si13.5B9Nb3Cu1) alloy ribbons annealed in an applied magnetic field. It finds that the ribbons annealed with the applied magnetic field show much higher resonance frequencies and have even higher permeability at higher frequencies than the samples annealed without the magnetic field and the non-annealed ribbons. Mssbauer spectroscopy had been employed to study the spatial distribution of the magnetic moments of five selected FINEMET alloy ribbons in different heat-treated conditions. The results show that an easy plane has been established after annealling in the magnetic field, while for the other ribbons this effect is not significant. Hence, the relationship between magnetic field annealing and high frequency property has been bridged by the bianisotropic theory.     

Magnetic anisotropy of amorphous (Fe1−x Co x )78Si10B12 alloys

In order to better understand the problem of magnetic anisotropy in amorphous alloys produced by a rapidly quenching technique, in-plane magnetic anisotropy of amorphous (Fe_1−x Co _x (₇₈Si₁₀B₁₂ alloys was measured by means of a torque magnetometer using a disk specimen made from the amorphous alloy ribbon. The amorphous ribbons were prepared by a single roller type quenching apparatus. It was found that the anisotropy had mostly twofold symmetry in all the alloy cases, and that the concentrationx dependence of the anisotropy constant behaved differently from that of the magnetostriction. Moreover, the anisotropy did not disappear by subsequent annealing at high temperatures where the internal stress relief and the crystallization were completed.     

Transverse anisotropy field and lattice plane anisotropy of stress annealed Fe–Cu–Nb–Si–B ribbons

The transverse magnetic anisotropy and lattice plane anisotropy of stress-annealed Fe–Cu–Nb–Si–B amorphous ribbons have been studied. The GMI effect or impedance ratio decreased gradually with increasing applied tensile stress. The transverse anisotropy field (H_k) corresponded to the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the GMI curves. A linear response was found between the applied tensile stress (σ) and the transverse anisotropy field (H_k), and it was seen from the linear expression that annealing without stress resulted in a very small H_k of ～200 A/m. We also calculated the strains from the elongations obtained during the stress annealing process, the results showed that the strain and applied stress were linearly related and for a zero-tensile stress, the elastic strain was negative (?0.0219) showing that contraction dominates during annealing without tensile stresses. The lattice plane anisotropy (Δd) calculated from XRD peaks was also linearly related to the applied tensile stress. The lattice spacing in the direction parallel to the tensile stress was elongated while the lattice spacing in the direction perpendicular to the tensile stress was compressed.     

Induced magnetic anisotropy in Co-doped Finemet-type nanocrystalline materials

Transverse magnetic anisotropy has been induced in the Fe_14.7Co_58.8Cu₁Nb₃Si_13.5B₉ and Fe_13.8Co₆₅Cu_0.6Nb_2.6Si₉B₉ amorphous ribbons by annealing under an external magnetic field. This anisotropy plays a predominant role, compared to magneto-crystalline and magneto-elastic anisotropies, in forming the magnetic properties and shaping the hysteresis loop. The effect of temperature and time of annealing on the induced magnetic anisotropy and magnetic properties (magnetic permeability, coercivity and power losses) in both alloys was investigated. Under this work, measurements of frequency dependence of the real and imaginary parts of magnetic permeability were made within a frequency range up to 110 MHz. It was found that as a result of magnetic field annealing the Snoek limit increases in both alloys compared to the Co-free Finemet.     

Magnetoresistivity of the Kondo-system (La,Ce)B6

The electrical resistivity of the Kondo system (La, Ce)B₆ has been measured in longitudinal and transversal magnetic fields up to 6 Tesla in the temperature range 0.04–20K. Corresponding to the strong increase of the resistivity with decreasing temperature the alloys show a very large negative magnetoresistivity with a Kondo temperatureT _K =1.05K and a Kondo magnetic fieldB _K =1.1 Tesla. The observed anisotropy of the resistivity due to the magnetic field direction cannot be explained well by existing theories.     

Coercivity and induced magnetic anisotropy by stress and/or field annealing in Fe- and Co- based (Finemet-type) amorphous alloys

Uniaxial magnetic anisotropy has been induced in amorphous Fe_73.5Cu₁Nb₃Si_15.5B₇ (Fe-rich) and (Co₇₇Si_13.5B_9.5)₉₀Fe₇Nb₃ (Co-rich) ferromagnetic alloys by annealing under stress and/or magnetic field. Such anisotropy plays a crucial role on the magnetization process and, consequently, determine the future applications of these materials. The mechanisms involved on the origin of such induced magnetic anisotropy showed significant differences between Fe-rich and Co-rich amorphous alloys. This work provides a comparative study of the coercive field and induced magnetic anisotropy in Fe-rich and Co-rich (Finemet) amorphous alloys treated by stress and/or field.     

铁基非晶丝样低频涡流损耗分析

以非晶丝的芯-壳(core-shell)结构模型为基础,对铁基非晶丝考虑其芯内存在一沿轴向的应力磁各向异性K_c, 而壳内是沿径向的应力磁各向异性K_s(K_c和K_s均为应力能常量λ_sσ₀的函数),导出了样品的交流环向磁导率μ_φ(r).由Maxwell方程和Ohm定律计算出此模型下的低频经典涡流损耗反常因子为η＝2．2.理论值与实验结果的比较表明,铁基非晶丝的 关键词： 非晶丝 芯壳结构 涡流损耗反常因子     

Alternating magneto-birefringence of ionic ferrofluids in crossed fields

A dynamic probing of magnetic liquids is performed experimentally, using a static magnetic field modulated by another smaller field, normal and alternating. The optical magneto-birefringence under these crossed magnetic fields is recorded as a function of the frequency for different field intensities and different sizes of the magnetic nanoparticles. A general reduced behavior is found for the in-phase and the out-of-phase optical response which is well-described by a simple mechanical model. Depending on the value H _ani of the anisotropy field of the nanoparticles, we can distinguish two different high magnetic field regimes: - a rigid dipole regime (large anisotropy energy with respect to k _B T) for cobalt ferrite nanoparticles with a relaxation time inversely proportional to the field intensity H _C(H _C < H _ani), - a soft dipole regime (anisotropy energy of the order of k _B T) for maghemite nanoparticles with a relaxation time independent of the field intensity H _C(H _C > H _ani). Received 5 June 2000 and Received in final form 8 January 2001     

Nanostructure and magnetic properties of Ni-substituted finemet ribbons

Magnetic anisotropy has been induced during the nanocrystallization process of Ni-rich amorphous ferromagnetic (Finemet) ribbons by means of the application of a constant stress during the annealing process. Magnetization measurements have evidenced the anisotropy of the treated samples. The main goal of this work was the analysis of the treated ribbons using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electronic Microscopy (TEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). AFM measurements revealed in all the cases a strong nanocrystallisation of the surface without evidences of amorphous matrix, which contrast with XRD and TEM measurements that have shown a high content of amorphous phase in the bulk of the ribbons. Magneto-optical Kerr effect measurements show much higher coercive field values than in the bulk, indicating a complex magnetic behavior for the surface of the ribbons.     

Mössbauer study of the in-plane anisotropy in annealed amorphous Fe81B13.5Si3.5C2 ribbons

Mössbauer spectra of amorphous Fe₈₁B_13.5Si_3.5C₂ ribbons (METGLAS 2605 SC) annealed in transverse magnetic field at 594 and 654 K were recorded for various orientations of the ribbons. It is determined that the in-plane projection of the anisotropy is 17° off the transverse axis for the 594 K annealed specimen and 10° off the transverse axis for the 654 K specimen.