枸橼酸锗对小鼠免疫功能的影响

枸橼酸锗能明显提高小鼠血清溶血素抗体水平，增强二硝基氯苯（ＤＮＣＢ）致小鼠迟发型皮肤过敏反应，增加小鼠免疫器官胸腺和脾脏的重量，表明枸橼酸锗能增强小鼠体液免疫和细胞免疫水平。     

ICP-AES法测定硼镁肥中枸椽酸溶硼

微量枸椽酸溶硼测定是肥料检测中的常见项目,用以评估硼肥肥效。其测定方法大多复杂繁琐,操作条件苛刻。如用姜黄素或其他显色剂的分光光度法,体系中因有柠檬酸存在,产生的影响难以处理,测定结果重现性差,限制了测硼的快速和准确性。ICP-AES法较其它方法相比是一种精密度高、重现性好的方法[1],各元素对硼干扰较少,20 g·L-1柠檬酸在炬管处不会炭化引起阻塞,对硼的干扰也可得到校正,使得ICP-AES法测定稀柠檬酸有机溶液中硼成为可能。该方法操作简便、快速,检出限可达0.003 5%,回收率为86%,适用于硼镁肥中微量枸椽酸溶硼测定。枸椽酸溶…     

锌与锗对小鼠抗氧化作用影响的实验研究

对２４０只小鼠的血清、肝脏、肌肉进行了锌和锗含量，抗化指标ＳＯＤ活性、ＭＤＡ含量测定。观察结果表明，微量元素锌与锗在小鼠血清中有一定的竞争作用。血清锌锗与肌肉、肝脏锌、锗及ＳＯＤ有一定的相关性。由于锌和锗含量的变化，小鼠抗氧化作用受到了影响。当两者联合应用时，ＳＯＤ活性有不同程度增加，ＭＤＡ含量随之下降，提示了锌与锗在小鼠抗氧化方面有一定的协同作用。     

氢化物发生原子荧光法测定灵芝中的痕量锗

建立了HG-AFS测定灵芝样品中总锗的方法，将微波密封消解应用于样品的处理，短时内成功地破坏了有机锗，同时避免了样品中存在的氯离子可能引起的元素损失。实验中优化了仪器的工作条件、锗氢化物发生最佳条件及微波消解程序。样品最优酸度为20％H3PO4，且5％H2SO4能增强锗的荧光强度。将干灰化法与微波密封酸消解法对植物样品的处理做了比较。本方法的检出限为0．83μg/L；相对标准偏差为1．26％；加入回收率为84．0％-96．5％。本法可以较好的满足实际植物样品中锗的分析。     

废酸综合利用

对锗的氯化蒸馏系统所产生的废酸进行分析，使之含有的混和酸和微量锗得以充分利用和回收。     

α—和β—三钒九钨锗酸钾的合成和表征

合成了α-和β-三钒九钨锗酸钾,并用元素分析、红外光谱和紫外光谱、~(51)V和~(183)W核磁共振、极谱和循环伏安、热分析及单晶衍射等方法进行了表征。结果表明,这些新化合物具有与GeW_(12)相似的结构;3个钒原子属于不同的M_3O_(13)单元且彼此共角相连。与钨锗酸盐相比,三钒取代的钨钒锗酸钾的热稳定性降低而氧化性增强。     

枸橼酸锗抗肿瘤作用的实验研究

观察了有机锗化合物枸橼酸锗对小鼠移植性肿瘤Ｓ１８０、Ｈ２２和Ｐ３３８的抗肿瘤作用。结果表明，枸橼酸锗０．２、０．４ｇ／ｋｇ体重灌胃给药，对小鼠Ｓ１８０的平均抑瘤率为４７．６２％和５２．３８％；对小鼠Ｈ２２的平均抑瘤率在４６．１５％和５２．２０％；对Ｐ３８８小鼠生命延长率为２４．４２％和３０．１８％，均优于对照组。     

土壤全锗的催化极谱测定

１引言锗是地球上含量极少的元素之一，在地壳中的丰度仅为１．５ｕｇ／ｇ。它虽未被正式确定为人体中必需的微量元素，但在人体中的重要生理作用已逐渐为人们所了解。锗能刺激人体血液中红血球的生成，增强人体血液吸收氧的能力，促进新陈代谢，防止衰老。由于人体所摄入的锗主要是来自食品，归根究底来源于土壤，所以测定土壤锗显得十分必要。近年来关于矿石中锗、水中锗、生物样品如人发、人参中锗的极谱测定方法已有很多报道，但土壤中锗的测定方法尚未见报道。本试验利用锗与前素红在硫酸介质中并有钒（Ⅳ）存在时产生灵敏度较高的二阶…     

邻苯二胺—过氧化氢—辣根过氧化物酶酶联免疫示差脉冲伏安法测定人血清…

建立了邻苯二胺（ＯＰＤ）－Ｈ２Ｏ２－辣根过氧化物酶（ＨＲＰ）酶联示差脉冲伏安分析体系并用于测定人血清中类风湿因子（ＲＦ），ＨＲＰ催化Ｈ２Ｏ２氧化ＯＰＤ所形成麦催化产物在ＰＨ２．０磷酸盐－枸椽酸缓冲溶液中于－０．１８Ｖ左右产生－灵敏示差脉冲伏安峰，在ＲＦ浓度在１．２５－２０．０Ｕ／ｍＬ之间与峰电流呈线性关系，应用此峰检测人血清ＲＦ的检测限低至０．２８Ｕ／ｍＬ。该法较相同条件下ＥＬＩＳＡ以光度测定法的     

分光光度法测定药用植物中痕量锗

锗是许多药用植物中的微量营养元素之一,人参、灵芝、枸杞等许多中草药以及一些茶叶、食品都不同程度含有锗.据文献[1,2]介绍,锗与多糖结合进入血液,能使红血球的携氧能力增强.     

硒对免疫功能的影响

硒可多方面影响机体的免疫功能。机体缺硒时，免疫细胞活性降低；给予适当剂量的硒，T、B淋巴细胞，NK细胞、吞噬细胞等免疫细胞活性增高，非特异性免疫、细胞免疫和体液免疫都增强，从而有助于提高机体的免疫功能。     

硒的免疫功能

硒是一种重要的人体必需微量元素。缺硒会损害免疫系统的功能。补充适量的硒可增强细胞免疫、体液免疫及非特异免疫功能。本文介绍了硒的免疫功能,并讨论硒在疾病防治中的作用。     

Primary Research of Immunological Mechanism of Combined Hepatitis A-Measles-Varicella Vaccine

To explore the primary humoral and cellular immunological mechanism of the combined hepatitis A-measles-varicella vaccine, the mice were inoculated with hepatitis A-measles-varicella vaccine by intraperitoneally and two weeks later, blood was collected to observe the mice’s immunological status. Antibody level was measured to appraise the humoral immunity. At the same time, T lymphocyte surface marker, NK cell activity, LAK cell activity, delayed type hypersensitivity of skin, Mφ phagocytic function, mRNA l...     

Antitumor Effects of Newcastle Disease Virus Hemagglutinin-neuraminidase Used as a Molecular Adjuvant

Gene therapy is a potentially powerful tool used in cancer therapy. The strength of immune responses induced by some strategies is usually low, therefore, the development of agents capable of enhancing these responses is highlighted. The authors investigated the potential of an approach based on the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase(HN) of Newcastle disease virus(NDV) as a potential immune adjuvant. It was found that recombinant adenovirus(Ad) infected SGC7901 cells expressing HN exhibited both hemagglutinin(HA) and neuraminidase(NA) activities. It was demonstrated that administration of HN induced higher levels of the effector cytokines TNF-α, IFN-α and IFN-γ and increased natural killer(NK) cell activity. Based on the therapeutic tumor model, the results show that the administration of HN with Apoptin led to improved survival and tumor suppression. In conclusion, this study indicates that HN stimulates innate immune responses to make the activity of NK cells increased, which highlights the potential adjuvant activity of HN in cancer gene therapy.     

Antigen targeting to M cells for enhancing the efficacy of mucosal vaccines

Vaccination is one of the most successful applications of immunology and for a long time has depended on parenteral administration protocols. However, recent studies have pointed to the promise of mucosal vaccination because of its ease, economy and efficiency in inducing an immune response not only systemically, but also in the mucosal compartment where many pathogenic infections are initiated. However, successful mucosal vaccination requires the help of an adjuvant for the efficient delivery of vaccine material into the mucosa and the breaking of the tolerogenic environment, especially in oral mucosal immunization. Given that M cells are the main gateway to take up luminal antigens and initiate antigen-specific immune responses, understanding the role and characteristics of M cells is crucial for the development of successful mucosal vaccines. Especially, particular interest has been focused on the regulation of the tolerogenic mucosal microenvironment and the introduction of the luminal antigen into the lymphoid organ by exploiting the molecules of M cells. Here, we review the characteristics of M cells and the immune regulatory factors in mucosa that can be exploited for mucosal vaccine delivery and mucosal immune regulation.     

Potency of Attenuated Eimeria tenella in Protective Immunity Induction on Homologous and Heterologous Challenges

The aim of this study was to know the protective immunity of broilers immunized with attenuated Eimeria tenella (E. tenella) on homologous and heterologous challenges. The protective immunity was represented by oocyst production and histopathological changes of cecum. The previous experiment already produced attenuated E. tenella through serial passages of precocious lines in naive chicken. Four groups of chickens were separately divided into two non-immunized control groups and two immunized with attenuated E. tenella groups, and each group was challenged with homologous and heterologous strains. The results showed significant difference in oocysts production (p<0.01) and histopathological changes between control and immunized groups.     

免疫力低下患者血清中铁锌铜锰硒含量的研究

１３４例免疫力低下患者血清中铁、锌、铜、锰、硒的含量与对照组比较,结果揭示：①铁和铜的含量升高。两者差异有显著性或高度显著性;锌、锰和硒的含量均明显降低,两者差异有高度显著性。②可根据上列元素变化的特点,对免疫力低下者进行早期诊断和防治。     

脑血栓形成病人用精制蝮蛇抗栓酶治疗前后微量元素和体液免疫的变化及临床疗效的观察

用精制蝮蛇抗栓酶(Svate-3)治疗了108例急性期脑血栓形成病人,治疗前后分别测定病人血清微量元素锌、铜、铬、锰、硒及体液免疫指标 IgG, IgA, IgM及循环免疫复合物(CIC), 同时设定对照组观察 Svate-3的临床疗效.观察结果表明,治疗组疗效优于对照组.测定结果表明,Svate-3能使脑血栓病人血清 Zn增加(P＜0.05),血清 Cu减少(P＜0.05 ), Zn/Cu比值增加(P＜0.05),Svate-3可使体液免疫 IgA增加(P＜0.01) .     

肝硬化患者血清微量元素与免疫功能的相关性研究

为探讨肝硬化患者血清中微量元素含量与细胞免疫功能的相关性,将70例肝硬化患者根据代偿期及失代偿期分为两组,30例健康体检者为对照组,用日立7170A型全自动生化分析仪检测了血清中的镁、铁、铜、锌含量,流式细胞技术检查了外周血CD3+、CD4+、CD8+、NK细胞。结果表明,肝硬化患者血清镁、铁、锌水平显著低于对照组;血清铜水平显著高于对照组;CD3+、CD4+、NK细胞低于正常对照组,以失代偿期改变明显。肝硬化患者血清铜水平与CD3+、CD4+、NK细胞呈负相关,血清锌水平与CD3+、CD4+、NK细胞呈正相关。提示肝硬化患者微量元素代谢异常与细胞免疫功能下降有一定的联系。     

噬菌体展示肿瘤异性抗原表位的初步免疫活性研究

利用噬菌体展示技术将丝噬菌体（fd)基因8克隆入pKK233-3质粒中，将人的恶性黑色素瘤的抗原表位基因插入到修饰后的质粒载体中，制备了含有抗原表位的杂合噬菌体。利用纯化的表位抗原免疫小鼠，用间接ELISA方法采用双波长（450/630nm)动态检测抗体。结果表明，噬菌体-表位抗原刺激小鼠产生了抗体。抗体的含量随时间不断增加，到4周进达到高峰。小鼠脾淋巴细胞转化实验表明噬菌体-表位抗原产生了明显的淋巴细胞增殖反应，为研制肿瘤疫苗奠定了基础。