俯仰激励下三维液体大幅晃动问题研究

主要研究俯仰激励下三维液体大幅晃动问题,将任意Lagrange-Euler法 (arbitrary Lagrange-Euler, ALE)运动学描述引入到Navier-Stokes方程中,推导了俯仰激励下液体大幅晃 动数值模拟计算公式,并利用Galerkin加权余量法推导了有限元数值离散方程和分步有限 元计算格式,采用ALE分步有限元方法对圆筒形贮腔中的液体大幅晃动进行了数值模拟计 算. 得到了波高、晃动力及晃动力矩等晃动特性的时间变化历程,并对结果进行了分析,揭 示了俯仰激励下三维液体大幅晃动问题的非线性现象.     

俯仰激励下液体大幅晃动问题研究

主要研究俯仰激励下液体大幅晃动问题，将ALE(arbitrary Lagrange-Euler)运动学描述引入到Navier-Stokes方程中，推导了俯仰激励下液体大幅晃动数值模拟计算公式，并利用Galerkin加权余量法推导了有限元数值离散方程，采用ALE有限元方法对方形贮腔中的液体大幅晃动进行了数值模拟计算，对结果进行了比较分析，揭示了俯仰激励下液体大幅晃动问题的非线性现象。     

俯仰运动圆柱贮箱中液体的非线性晃动

首次对储仰运动圆柱贮箱中液体的有限幅值晃动问题进行了解析研究。首先建立了描述俯仰和／或偏航运动贮箱中液体晃动的非线性偏微分方程组,而后提出了相应的变分原理,建立了压力体积分形式的Ｌａｇｒａｎｇｅ函数,通过变分方程,最终得到措述俯仰和／或偏航运动圆柱贮箱中液体晃动的非线性动力学微分方程组,该动力学方程组自然满足液体自由表面的运动学和动力学办界条件。而后动用多尺度法求解了所得的动力学方程组,对非线性液     

液体晃动等效力学模型的参数识别

本文研究确定贮箱内液体晃动等效力学模型的参数的试验方法。通过对充液贮箱试验系统的简化分析得到系统的传递函数表达式,应用频响函数拟合方法得到了模型参数,在曲线拟合过程中利用权函数解决液体晃动的非线性影响因素。应用本文所述方法研究了某型号卫星推进剂贮箱的液体晃动问题。     

用于ALE有限元模拟的网格更新方法

任意拉格朗日欧拉法(ALE)可以通过定义参考网格的运动,实现自由液面跟踪,完成液体晃动的数值计算. 综合用于更新网格节点的3种基本计算方法,将多方向更新网格速度的技术应用于任意拉格朗日欧拉网格节点的速度计算. 给出了水平圆柱形贮箱和椭圆形贮箱内液体晃动算例,实现了多方向更新网格运动与晃动流场计算的耦合,使ALE方法能胜任复杂几何边界下的自由液面流动的数值模拟.      

任意三维贮箱内液体晃动的模态分析及其等效力学模型

本文采用有限元方法建立了数值求解任意三维贮箱内液体晃动固有频率和摸态、动力特征参数的通用程序，利用ANSYS有限元前处理模块．使得程序的通用性达到最大化。通过对液体受迫晃动的结果分析，发现了三维晃动中贮箱外激励与模态响应之间的复杂关系．并且提出了建立液体受迫晃动的等效力学模型的方法。本文以油罐车充液贮箱为例，数值研究了贮箱端部不同所引起的动力学差异，给出了晃动频率和晃动质量的变化曲线。     

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利用自由液面曲率参量，在传统求解方法基础上对相应结点网格速度引入修正，以提高计算精度.域内网格速度计算，由传统线性关系改用分段函数表达，以保证网格剖分的质量. 将二维矩形贮箱内流体晃动问题作为算例，求解激励响应结果并与已有物理实验进行对比,二者符合较好.     

燃料大幅晃动等几何分析仿真及航天器耦合动力学研究

现代航天器肩负许多周期长且复杂的航天任务,通常需要携带大量的液体燃料.贮箱中液体燃料大幅晃动会严重影响航天器的姿态稳定性和控制精度,是现代航天器耦合动力学建模和精确控制研究的重要问题.本文提出了一种新的液体大幅晃动数值仿真方法,采用等几何分析方法对贮箱内气体和液体整体进行建模和空间离散,采用压力修正的分步法对控制方程进行时间离散,结合水平集方法划分气体和液体区域并且实时追踪液体晃动自由面.提出了一种质量修正方法以消除水平集函数演化产生的液体质量误差.基于燃料大幅晃动等几何分析仿真方法,对携带太阳能帆板的充液航天器进行动力学建模和耦合运动数值仿真.对于太阳能帆板的振动问题则采用Kirchhoff-Love板理论建模和模态分析法数值求解.通过将数值仿真结果与解析解对比,证明了本文给出方法的正确性.本文还对燃料大幅晃动下的航天器刚-液-柔耦合运动进行了数值仿真,发现液体晃动对航天器的姿态变化和结构振动的幅值和频率具有不可忽视的影响.     

微重力场中液体在带隔板球腔内的晃动

本文讨论微重力场中带球面隔板的球腔内液体晃动问题。选择Legendre函数作为Ritz方法的基函数,计算液体的自由晃动及腔体横向振动激励的受迫振动。计算结果表明,自由晃动频率随隔板位置的下降而趋于升高。液体晃动的动力学效应可用等效的质量—弹簧系统模拟。     

基于多尺度方法的平动圆柱贮箱航天器刚–液耦合动力学研究

以充液航天器为工程背景,借助多尺度方法研究刚–液耦合动力学系统非线性动力学特性.利用多维模态方法,将描述横向外激励下圆柱贮箱中液体非线性晃动的自由边界问题转换为液体模态系数相互耦合的有限维非线性常微分方程组.推导液体晃动产生的作用于贮箱壁的晃动力和晃动力矩的解析表达式,进而建立航天器刚体部分平动和液体晃动耦合的非线性动力学方程组.应用多尺度方法对刚–液耦合系统的动力学特性进行解析分析,通过固有频率的特征方程求解耦合系统固有频率,推导外激励频率接近耦合系统第一阶固有频率时液体晃动稳态解的幅值频率响应方程.结合数值方法,研究了液体晃动稳态解的幅值频率响应曲线和激励–幅值响应曲线.结果表明,随充液比变化,液体晃动稳态解的幅值频率响应曲线会发生软、硬弹簧特性转换现象和"跳跃"现象;幅值频率响应曲线的软、硬弹簧特性转换点受重力加速度和弹簧刚度系数影响;以上所得研究结果表明,考虑非线性效应时的刚–液耦合系统动力学特性与传统的线性系统模型所显示的动力学特性具有本质区别.本文的研究工作对进一步分析充液航天器刚–液耦合非线性动力学特性具有重要参考价值.     

低重环境下俯仰运动圆柱贮箱中液体非线性晃动

在低重力环境下,用变分原理建立了液体晃动的压力体积分形式的Lagrange函数,并将速度势函数在自由液面处作波高函数的级数展开,从而导出自由液面运动学和动力学边界条件非线性方程组;最后用四阶Runge-Kutta法求解非线性方程组。计算结果表明,随俯仰激励频率的逐渐变化,由于面外主模态和次生模态同时失稳,致使整个系统各阶模态和波高函数由稳态运动过渡为不稳定运动。     

Stable response of low-gravity liquid non-linear sloshing in a circle cylindrical tank

Under pitch excitation,the sloshing of liquid in circular cylindrical tank includes planar motion,rotary motion and rotary motion inside planar motion.The boundaries between stable motion and unstable motion depend on the radius of the tank,the liquid height,the gravitational intension,the surface tensor and the sloshing damping.In this article,the differential equations of nonlinear sloshing are built first. And by variational principle,the Lagrange function of liquid pressure is constructed in volume intergration form.Then the velocity potential function is expanded in series by wave height function at the free surface.The nonlinear equations with kinematics and dynamics free surface boundary conditions through variation are derived.At last,these equations are solved by multiple-scales method.The influence of Bond number on the global stable response of nonlinear liquid sloshing in circular cylinder tank is analyzed in detail.The result indicates that variation of amplitude frequency response characteristics of the system with Bond,jump,lag and other nonlinear phenomena of liquid sloshing are investigated.     

Experimental studies on the dynamic stability of liquid in a spherical tank covered with diaphragm under vertical excitation

Experimental studies are conducted on the liquid sloshing characteristics in a spherical tank covered with a flexible diaphragm. A spherical acrylic tank with 145.2 mm radius is used as a test tank, and is filled with water. Silicon diaphragms, plane or hemispherical type, with 0.2 mm thickness are used as test diaphragms. The test tank is harmonically excited in the vertical direction by an electro-dynamic exciter. During the test, vibrations due to parametric instability occur when the excitation frequency is twice the natural frequency. Parametric instability regions for some natural modes are measured and are presented in the excitation frequency–excitation acceleration diagram for three cases: liquid surface is uncovered (i.e., free surface), covered with a plane diaphragm, and covered with a hemispherical diaphragm, with the volume of filling water being changed appropriately.     

基于多尺度方法的平动圆柱贮箱航天器刚——液耦合动力学研究

以充液航天器为工程背景,借助多尺度方法研究刚--液耦合动力学系统非线性动力学特性.利用多维模态方法,将描述横向外激励下圆柱贮箱中液体非线性晃动的自由边界问题转换为液体模态系数相互耦合的有限维非线性常微分方程组.推导液体晃动产生的作用于贮箱壁的晃动力和晃动力矩的解析表达式,进而建立航天器刚体部分平动和液体晃动耦合的非线性动力学方程组.应用多尺度方法对刚--液耦合系统的动力学特性进行解析分析,通过固有频率的特征方程求解耦合系统固有频率,推导外激励频率接近耦合系统第一阶固有频率时液体晃动稳态解的幅值频率响应方程.结合数值方法,研究了液体晃动稳态解的幅值频率响应曲线和激励--幅值响应曲线.结果表明, 随充液比变化,液体晃动稳态解的幅值频率响应曲线会发生软、硬弹簧特性转换现象和"跳跃"现象;幅值频率响应曲线的软、硬弹簧特性转换点受重力加速度和弹簧刚度系数影响;以上所得研究结果表明,考虑非线性效应时的刚--液耦合系统动力学特性与传统的线性系统模型所显示的动力学特性具有本质区别.本文的研究工作对进一步分析充液航天器刚--液耦合非线性动力学特性具有重要参考价值.      

Mathematical modelling and control of a nonholonomic spherical robot on a variable-slope inclined plane using terminal sliding mode control

In this paper, the three degrees-of-freedom motion of a two-dimensional rectangular liquid tank under wave action is simulated by the boundary element method in time domain. The coupling effects between tank motion and internal sloshing flow are investigated in partially filled conditions. The fourth-order Runge–Kutta method is adopted to update the wave shape and velocity potential on the free surface. The fully nonlinear mutual dependence of the incident wave, tank motion and internal sloshing flow is decoupled through an auxiliary function method, by which the liquid tank acceleration can be obtained directly without knowing the pressure distribution. The corresponding validation of numerical model is carried out and indicates that the accuracy of the present method is satisfactory to evaluate the dynamic responses of tank and sloshing motion. The corresponding response amplitude operators of tank motions for various wave frequencies, amplitudes and filling conditions are obtained, and the nonlinear coupling effects of sloshing flow on the tank responses are analyzed. It is found that the coupling effects have significant influence on sway and roll motion while have little impact on heave motion. The most important coupling effects on roll motion are the split of peak. In addition, due to the nonlinearity of sloshing flow, the roll motion amplitude is not linearly proportional to wave amplitude.     

MPS与GPU结合数值模拟LNG液舱晃荡

液舱晃荡是一种在外部激励作用下部分装载的液舱内液体的波动现象,它会对液舱结构强度和运输船舶稳性产生危害.移动粒子半隐式法(moving particle semi-implicit,MPS)是一种典型的无网格粒子类方法,可以有效地模拟剧烈的液舱晃荡问题.但MPS方法存在计算效率低的缺点,难以模拟大规模三维问题,而GPU并行加速技术已广泛应用于科学计算领域.因此,本文将MPS方法与GPU并行加速技术相结合,采用CUDA程序语言编写,自主开发了MPSGPU-SJTU求解器,对三维液化天然气(liquefiednatural gas, LNG)型液舱晃荡进行了数值模拟.通过三种不同粒子间距的数值模拟,验证了求解器的收敛性,其中最大计算粒子数达到了200多万.与其他研究结果相比,MPSGPU-SJTU求解器能够准确地预测壁面砰击压力,并且捕捉晃荡过程中自由面的大幅度变形和强非线性破碎现象.相比CPU求解器的计算时间,GPU并行加速技术可以大幅度地减小计算时长,提高MPS方法的计算效率.本文将LNG型液舱与方型液舱的晃荡进行对比,结果表明在高充液率下LNG型液舱可以有效地减小晃荡幅值和壁面砰击压力.但在中低充液率下,LNG型液舱则会加剧晃荡,自由面呈现明显的三维特征.本文还进一步研究了水和LNG两种不同介质的液舱晃荡现象,数值模拟结果表明二者的流场基本相似,砰击压力则正比于液体密度.      

Neural network-based reduced-order modeling for nonlinear vertical sloshing with experimental validation

In this paper, a nonlinear reduced-order model based on neural networks is introduced in order to model vertical sloshing in presence of Rayleigh–Taylor instability of the free surface for use in fluid–structure interaction simulations. A box partially filled with water, representative of a wing tank, is first set on vertical harmonic motion via a controlled electrodynamic shaker. Accelerometers and load cells at the interface between the tank and an electrodynamic shaker are employed to train a neural network-based reduced-order model for vertical sloshing. The model is then investigated for its capacity to consistently simulate the amount of dissipation associated with vertical sloshing under different fluid dynamics regimes. The identified tank is then experimentally attached at the free end of a cantilever beam to test the effectiveness of the neural network in predicting the sloshing forces when coupled with the overall structure. The experimental free response and random seismic excitation responses are then compared with that obtained by simulating an equivalent virtual model in which the identified nonlinear reduced-order model is integrated to account for the effects of violent vertical sloshing.