不同冲角下弯曲扩压叶栅出口流场的实验研究

本文在不同冲角下对直叶片、正倾斜叶片、正弯曲叶片和Ｓ型叶片组成的四种平面扩压时栅的出口流场进行了详细的实验研究。通过与常规直叶栅的对比，分析了正倾斜叶栅降低根区二次流损失的原因，阐述了正弯曲叶栅在正冲角下改善叶栅两端区流动状况，降低能量损失的机理和Ｓ型叶栅降低根区损失、总损失系数对冲角变化不敏感的原因。结果表明，扩压叶栅中采用正弯曲叶片在一定条件下是可行的。     

变稠度大折转角弯曲扩压叶栅数值优化

以实验研究为基础,利用以均匀试验设计法,最小二乘拟合和遗传算法寻优相结合的混合优化方法进行了环形扩压叶栅弯曲匹配数值优化研究.结果表明,优化的弯角和弯高范围随叶型折转角的增大而减小,合理选择弯曲方案将可以达到改善角区流动、减小损失的目的;叶片弯曲优化匹配设计可扩展现代压气机中弯曲叶片的应用范围,也表明了在大转角压气机中采用弯曲叶片设计方法的巨大潜力.     

叶片正弯曲对透平静叶栅叶片气动特性影响的实验研究

本文报告了对一种具有常规直叶片和弯曲角分别为＋１０°，＋２０°及＋３０°的弯曲叶片的透平静叶栅的叶片表面静压分布进行实验测量的结果，分析了叶片正弯曲对叶栅叶片气动特性的影响．结果表明对于该典型低展弦比小折转角的透平静叶栅，采用正弯曲叶片在叶片吸力面建立了一个沿叶高方向的“Ｃ”形静压分布，但并没有提高叶栅气动效率．     

在高负荷涡轮叶栅中应用弯叶片控制流动分离的实验研究

本文选择叶型折转角为113°和160°的两种高负荷涡轮平面叶栅,分别开展了直叶栅(STR)和正/反弯曲叶栅的流场测量和流动显示研究,讨论了叶片弯曲对壁面流谱和流动损失的影响.实验结果表明:当叶型折转角为113°时,适当的正弯叶片(DHP)可以减少叶栅流动损失;当叶型折转角为160°时,适当的反弯叶片(DHN)能提高叶栅气动性能.     

一种典型透平静叶型叶片正弯曲作用的实验研究

本文报告了一种典型透平静叶型叶片正弯曲作用的实验研究结果。通过采用微型５孔探针测量了常规直叶栅和端部周向倾斜角分别为１０°、 ２０°、 ３０°的正弯曲叶片叶栅的出口流场。定量分析了叶片正弯曲对叶栅出口二次流动能系数及其分布的影响,采用两种损失计算方法探讨了叶片正弯曲对叶栅出口二次流损失的影响,并讨论了不同弯曲角下的叶栅出口气流角变化。     

叶片弯、掠对压气机端壁流动的影响

通过壁面静压测量、流场显示及气动探针测量研究了不同掠型叶片组成的平面扩压叶栅特性。结果表明,前掠 叶栅流道中横向压力梯度减弱,型面压力沿叶展呈反“C”型,有利于减弱角区低能流体堆积,但中径处损失有所增加; 弯掠叶片强化了上述趋势,其降低端部损失和延缓角区分离的能力更强,应从优化设计角度对其进行深入研究。     

孔隙射流位置对直扩压叶栅壁面静压及流谱影响

对带有孔隙射流的某大折转角直扩压叶栅性能进行了实验研究,分析了不同位置孔隙射流对壁面静压及极限流线的影响.结果表明,孔隙射流能够改善角区流动,同时降低叶片中部损失;最佳开孔位置位于25%相对叶高处,总压损失系数相对无孔隙射流叶栅降低4.9%;孔隙位置对端壁静压的影响不大.     

反弯曲扩压时栅降低二次流损失的实验研究

1前言近年来，压气机叶栅中应用弯曲叶片的研究已受到许多学者的重视l‘，‘］并得到了一些有益的结果。我们已完成的正倾斜、正弯曲和S型平面扩压叶棚的实验结果也表明，采用正弯曲方式的叶片可明显改善叶栅根区气流流动状况，延缓壁角失速，降低端区二次流损失【‘，‘1。为了对比在相同的叶片倾斜角下不同叶片堆迭线型式对叶栅流场的影响，进行了应用反弯曲叶片的压气机平面叶栅的实验研究，以期找出比较合理的叶片弯曲型式，从而降低叶栅的二次流损失。本文在0”、土5”和土10“冲角下，对叶片堆送线如图1所示的反弯曲叶片组成的扩压叶…     

叶片倾斜和弯曲对扩压叶栅出口流场的影响

本文对具有常规直叶片、周向正倾斜２５０叶片和正弯曲叶片组成的三种压气机平面叶栅在平面叶栅低速风洞上进行了实验研究，详细测量了零冲角下三种叶栅的出口流场，通过实验结果的分析比较，并与流场显示结果及叶片表面静压测量结果相结合，讨论了叶片倾斜和弯曲对扩压叶栅出口流场的改善作用。     

附面层吸除对压气机叶栅稠度特性影响

数值模拟了不同稠度下吸气量及位置对某大转角吸气式压气机叶栅气动性能影响。结果表明,附面层吸除(BLS)使得吸力面角区低能流体积聚减弱,气流折转能力加强;随稠度增加,叶栅总压损失最高降低分别为32.9％、27.7％和25.1％,出口气流角最大增加值为5.0°、4.2°和3.1°,即小稠度叶栅具有较佳气动性能;BLS导致的栅内扩压能力恢复和通道涡三维分离效应的改善应是确定最佳设计参数的判定原则。吸气式叶栅附面层承受逆压梯度能力强的特点为高负荷、小稠度压气机设计提供了极具潜力的技术途径。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.