Gamma-Gamma湍流信道中大气光通信系统误码特性分析

大气信道中的大气湍流是影响无线激光通信系统性能的主要因素之一, 其引起的强度闪烁效应会对接收信号的提取和还原造成很大干扰。基于Gamma-Gamma概率分布的大气湍流信道统计模型, 研究了利用副载波相移键控(PSK)强度调制技术的大气光通信系统的误码特性; 推导了副载波二进制相移键控(BPSK)及开关键控(OOK)两种调制模式下的系统误码率表达式; 对在一定条件下的大气光通信系统, 比较了副载波BPSK和OOK两种调制模式的误码特性; 分析了链路特征、接收口径尺寸、通信波长和天顶角等因素对系统误码率的影响。结果表明, 增大接收孔径和通信波长都能有效地降低系统误码率, 而天顶角的增大则会使系统误码率增加, 副载波BPSK调制模式的误码特性要优于OOK调制模式的误码特性。     

基于高速移动通信的虚拟天线阵列理论研究

在高速移动通信中, 多普勒频移对通信性能产生严重的影响, 通常需要对接收信号的多普勒频移进行估计并进行补偿. 本文研究在对单个天线接收的高速移动通信信号进行频移估计和补偿的基础上产生多路无频偏的信号, 并虚拟为天线阵列的输出以提高系统的接收增益. 首先讨论了“均匀时间采样”和“均匀相位采样”的关系, 并根据两者之间的关系提出了补偿多普勒频移和虚拟天线阵列的算法, 即对采样信号进行插值、均匀相位抽取以后, 再进行均匀时间采样. 然后分析了算法对高速移动通信系统性能的改善作用, 并提出了算法的硬件实现结构. 通过数值仿真验证了算法的干扰抑制能力和误码性能, 结果表明本文提出的虚拟天线阵列算法能够改善飞机、高铁上的高速移动通信系统的性能.     

Gamma-Gamma大气湍流下相干光通信分集接收技术研究

大气湍流引起的光强闪烁使得自由空间光通信(FSO)系统性能恶化,而分集接收技术可有效改善这一影响。为进一步分析分集接收技术对相干接收系统性能的影响,基于二进制相移键控(BPSK)调制和外差相干接收技术,建立了Gamma-Gamma大气湍流信道模型下自由空间光通信分集接收系统模型。在不同大气湍流强度和接收天线数情况下,分别采取最大比合并(MRC)、选择合并(SC)和等增益合并(EGC),分析了对应的系统误码率(BER)和通信中断概率(OP),并与相同接收口径下的传统单天线接收系统的性能进行了比较。结果表明:MRC、EGC分集接收对大气湍流下的相干通信系统性能有明显改善,而SC分集接收仅当平均信噪比低于某一阈值时对相干通信系统的性能有所优化。     

室内可见光OFDM通信系统调光控制技术

针对室内可见光通信高速率传输和照明控制的问题,分析了采用脉冲宽度调制调光控制技术的可见光正交频分复用技术系统的调光性能与误码性能.提出了基于功耗小、性能好的单极性正交频分复用系统的调光控制方案,对单极性正交频分复用系统的驱动电流和误码率特性进行了仿真,仿真结果表明,单极性正交频分复用系统可在不牺牲照明质量的同时改善系统性能.此外,针对室内低照明、低功耗的应用需求,提出了一种功率更加有效的补零非对称削波正交频分复用系统,仿真分析表明,补零非对称削波正交频分复用系统可在不损失误码性能的情况下提高系统的功率效率.     

基于FPGA的跳频通信系统开发

为了提高通信的抗干扰和保密性,对跳频通信进行了研究,通过分析跳频通信的实现方式,提出基于FPGA的跳频通信系统实现方案。该方案中发端信号采用QPSK调制,接收端采用超外差接收以达到减少噪声和提高接收灵敏度的效果,接收端跳频同步采用等待自同步的跳频捕获和基于延迟锁相环的跳频跟踪。测试结果表明所设计的跳频通信系统可以正确实现跳频通信。与传统跳频通信实现方案相比,该方案具有灵活性强、开发周期短、开发费用低等优点。     

连续变量量子密钥分发系统同步方案及实现

同步技术是连续变量量子密钥分发系统的核心技术之一,能实现通信双方的实时通信,确保量子信息的有效提取。本文提出了一种新型的同步方案,能有效克服量子信道噪声及误码的影响,实现发送端和接收端的准确同步。文章从理论上介绍了方案的同步机制,并对其性能进行了仿真分析。     

湍流信道无线光通信中的分集接收技术

大气分子的吸收、散射和大气湍流等因素引起的光强闪烁严重影响无线光通信系统的性能,导致激光束能量衰减、信噪比下降,而分集接收技术能有效地克服这种影响。采用开关键控(OOK)调制,建立了强湍流模型-K分布模型下无线光通信空间接收分集系统模型,在不同信道参数和接收天线数下,分别对比分析了最大比合并(MRC)、等增益合并(EGC)和选择合并(SC)的差错性能。仿真结果表明,分集接收能在很大程度上改善大气激光通信的性能,具有较强的抗大气信道衰落能力。三种合并算法中,MRC性能最优,EGC次之,SC性能最差。     

星地激光通信中接收光信号的仿真方法

星地激光通信中, 由于大气湍流等影响, 接收光信号将出现包络起伏现象, 严重时将引起接收系统突发误码。为研究其中突发误码的发生规律及其对通信有效性的影响, 对接收光信号包络起伏的仿真方法进行了研究。针对常规的仿真方法在计算量、资源消耗、仿真时间长度等方面存在的诸多弱点, 提出了一种使用Gauss随机过程的幂级数拟合接收光信号幅度的仿真方法, 该方法利用接收光信号均值、方差、偏态系数和峰度系数计算各阶系数, 最高取到3次方项, 并使用FFT/IFFT实现时间功率谱特征拟合。仿真结果证明了该仿真方法的合理性。     

水声通信实验信道仿真研究

水声信道的时变多途特性对其中通信信号传输构成严重影响，为了分析评估现实实验信道条件下水声通信系统的性能，给出了一种基于实验测量的水声信道仿真方法。此方法通过发射线性调频脉冲以检测信道多径结构，同时分别采用自回归模型与多普勒时间压扩来仿真信道中各路径的时变幅度与时变延迟。通过一个具体的直接序列扩频水声通信系统，表明在仿真与实验信道条件下系统性能具有较好的一致性。     

一种新的基于空间图案信号的多进制无线光通信技术

提出了一种新的多进制无线光通信技术,其基本原理是用一组相互易区分的空间图案代替传统无线通信中的会聚光斑传递信息.分析了该通信方案的信道容量,结果表明无线光通信系统存在未被利用的空间自由度,其大小与系统收发孔径和光波波长有关,与光场空间分布无关.通过合理设置系统的结构参数和设计信号图案,可以利用无线光通信系统的空间自由度增加信道容量.提出了一种实现该技术的光电系统方案,其关键组成部分为空间光调制器和图象相关器.详细描述了信号处理过程,具体包括二维相关处理、比较判决和进制转换三部分.分析了该方案的误码性能,得到了平均误码率的估算公式,分析得到了可降低误码率的信号设计基本规则.最后用一个透镜阵列处理器通过实验验证了该通信方案.     

基于重复混沌扩频序列的差分混沌键控系统

提出一种基于可重复混沌扩频序列的差分混沌键控保密通信系统, 并对该系统的误码率进行分析。通过复制差分混沌键控调制信号的参考信号产生重复的混沌扩频序列, 再和经串并转换后的部分数据流相乘, 其余并行数据流按照传统差分混沌键控进行调制, 两部分信号相加后发送到信道中进行传输。在接收端进行相关解调恢复出原信息。理论分析和仿真结果表明: 在多径衰落信道下, 该系统的误码率低于DCSK、CDSK和CD-DCSK系统, 且扩频因子越小, 误码率越低。信道中叠加服从高斯分布噪声时的系统误码率相比叠加服从瑞利分布噪声时的小。     

纠错编码对多速率OCDMA系统性能的改善

将纠错编码(ECC)和素数跳频码技术结合起来,研究了基于纠错编码的多速率OCDMA系统的结构方案,并对未进行纠错编码的多速率OCDMA系统及经过纠错编码的多速率OCDMA系统的误码性能进行了模拟分析和比较。结果表明:如果两系统使用相同码长的光地址码,则经过纠错的编码系统同未经过纠错的编码系统相比,其误码率有了明显的改善;在保持两系统信息传输速率和码片间隔相等的条件下,恰当地选取纠错编码系统的码长,不仅误码性能可得到改善,而且可降低编码器和解码器的制作难度和成本。     

Improvement of dispersion tolerance using wavelength-interleaving and forward error correction

In this paper, we first derived the BER expression of an optical channel with chromatic dispersion impairment. The derived BER expression takes into account the influence of pulse spreading, transmitter rise/fall times, receiver Q-factor and noises. It is simpler and hence easier to use than many existing channel BER models. Then we proposed a wavelength-interleaved FEC scheme to mitigate the chromatic dispersion impairment in optical transmission system and analyzed its decoding performance. The minimum wavelength separation required for such a wavelength-interleaving FEC system to obtain the highest coding gain is also determined. Based on this design, the chromatic dispersion tolerance of the proposed system with 2-wavelength and 4-wavelength-interleaving are shown to improve by about 13% and 22%, respectively, over a non-interleaved system. In essence, wavelength-interleaving averages out the performances of a set of channels experiencing higher and lower dispersion, hence the interleaved channels have better performance than the non-interleaved channels experiencing higher dispersion, and worse performance than the non-interleaved channels experiencing lower dispersion. However, since WDM systems are typically designed based on the worst-case channel, the overall system performance is improved by wavelength-interleaving.     

新型多速率光码分多址实现方案的研究

提出了一种新颖的多速率光码分多址系统的实现方案,使得光码分多址系统能够同时传输不同速率的用户信号。对系统的误码性能进行了理论分析,并讨论了在系统中加入硬件限幅器以提高系统性能的可能性。以同时传输两种不同速率信号为例,将系统与变码长光码分多址系统的误码性能进行了仿真和比较。分析表明,随着速率的增加,虽然地址码字的性能有一定下降,但其整体性能仍优于变码长的多速率的光码分多址系统。最后,设计了相应的实验,验证了码字的性能和实现多速率光码分多址系统的可能性。     

Performance analysis and improvement of spectrally amplitude encoded/decoded OCDMA system

This paper describes a performance analysis of an incoherent optical code-division multiple-access scheme based on wavelength/time (W/T) codes. The system supports 16 users operating at 2.5Gb/s/user while maintaining bit-error rate (BER) < 10⁻¹¹ for the correctly decoded signal. It has been observed that there are two major problems giving rise to performance degradation of the system in terms of number of users and type of code.In this paper we have studied the optical simulator Encoding/Decoding for different lengths & gain in terms of Quality factor (Q) and Bit Error Rate (BER) performance. The system supports 16 users while maintaining bit-error rate (BER) < 10⁻¹¹ for the correctly decoded signal. Our aim is to design and simulate a Tree Network Topology Optical Code Division Multiple Access System for large number of users using wavelength–time code and to analyze the performance of the system based on BER and Eye Diagram under the influence of number of simultaneous users with different received powers.     

A novel encoder/decoder design scheme utilizing differential detection in OCDMA systems

In this paper, we report the use of differential detection in optical code-division multiple access (OCDMA) systems which use encoders and decoders based on unbalanced codes and utilize bipolar modulation/differential detection to demonstrate a significant improvement in system performance. Differential detection has been reported earlier also requiring a large number of one-chips in the code for (balanced codes) or with unbalanced codes with very long temporal dimensions requiring a large number of delay elements (either the delay lines in the ladder-type structures or the gratings in the multiple fiber gratings) making the encoder/decoder structures. We use single pulse per row codes to design our system and carry out the simulations for showing the results. The improved BER performance is achieved that can be traded for increasing the number of codes. Using optical simulation tool, the OCDMA system has been simulated for four users. The results of this system utilizing differential detection and another system that uses the same coding scheme but employing direct detection, for the same number of interfering users, are shown for comparison. The BER and the power penalty plots are shown for the two systems. Also, it is shown that performance degradation occurs due to the linear and non-linear effects of the fiber medium. The BER worsens more rapidly with link length for direct detection case, whereas for differential detection with an initial improvement of 8 dB, the increase in BER is insignificantly small for a link length of 500 km.     

Error rate analysis of AF-relay wireless networks under different SNR levels

This paper presents a new method for analyzing the Bit Error Rate (BER) performance of two-hop Amplify-and-Forward Multiple Relay (AF-MR) networks. This paper considers, a flat-fading channel and a relay selection scheme to select a relay with the highest Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR). The method aims to unify the BER calculation under low, high and optimal SNR levels. Asymptotic BER (ABER) performance at high SNR value is calculated first, and standard expressions for exact BER (EBER) performance at low and optimal SNRs are then derived. The analytic method depends on the conventional BER (CBER) approach of one-hop communication systems. The optimal SNR is obtained by balancing energy efficiency and spectral efficiency. The proposed method is found to be effective for calculating the BER of AF-MR network performance under any SNR conditions. Moreover, it improves the accuracy of ABER performance by reducing disparity computation errors between ABER and EBER performances and this allows the BER of AF-MR networks to be accurately calculated using either ABER or EBER. The outcome expressions for the method are validated by simulation results.     

Turbulence mitigation scheme based on multiple-user detection in an orbital-angular-momentum multiplexed system

Atmospheric turbulence(AT) induced crosstalk can significantly impair the performance of a free-space optical(FSO)communication link using orbital angular momentum(OAM) multiplexing.In this paper,we propose a multiple-user detection(MUD) turbulence mitigation scheme in an OAM-multiplexed FSO communication link.First,we present a MUD equivalent communication model for an OAM-multiplexed FSO communication link under AT.In the equivalent model,each input bit stream represents one user's information.The deformed OAM spatial modes caused by AT,instead of the pure OAM spatial modes,are used as information carriers,and the overlapping between the deformed OAM spatial modes are computed as the correlation coefficients between the users.Then,we present a turbulence mitigation scheme based on MUD idea to enhance AT tolerance of the OAM-multiplexed FSO communication link.In the proposed scheme,the crosstalk caused by AT is used as a useful component to deduce users' information.The numerical results show that the performance of the OAM-multiplexed communication link has greatly improved by the proposed scheme.When the turbulence strength C_n~2 is 1 × 10~(-15) m~(-2/3),the transmission distance is 1000 m and the channel signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)is 26 dB,the bit-error-rate(BER) performance of four spatial multiplexed OAM modes l_m = + 1,+2,+3,+4 are all close to 10~(-5),and there is a 2-3 fold increase in the BER performance in comparison with those results without the proposed scheme.In addition,the proposed scheme is more effective for an OAM-multiplexed FSO communication link with a larger OAM mode topological charge interval.The proposed scheme is a promising direction for compensating the interference caused by AT in the OAM-multiplexed FSO communication link.     

截短的单重合码对降低FFH-OCDMA系统差拍噪音的研究

在相同的系统结构下,提出一种截短的单重合码来有效降低差拍噪音对快跳频光码分多址(FFH-OCDMA)系统误码率性能的影响,并对其进行了理论分析和数值模拟.结果表明,当同时用户数较多时,该方案能显著改善FFH-OCDMA系统的误码率性能.     

Analysis of an optical mm-wave generation scheme with frequency octupling using two cascaded Mach-Zehnder modulators

We propose a novel method to generate optical mm-wave signals with frequency octupling using two cascaded Mach-Zehnder modulators (MZMs). First, the scheme is investigated both theoretically and by simulation, and results show that an 80 GHz mm-wave is generated by a 10 GHz RF oscillator. Then, an analytical expression is developed to describe the performance of the scheme. The influences caused by non-ideal factors are discussed in detail, and undesired sidebands suppression ratios are plotted and analyzed. At last a RoF system using the mm-wave generation scheme is demonstrated and its BER curves indicate that the performance of the system is still good even if the parameters deviate from the ideal values to a certain degree.