谐振腔与共振线宽

本文提出了利用短谐振腔来减小铷激射器共振线宽的建议。在使用H₀₃₁模腔和石腊作涂层的圆盘状石英泡的情况下,设计了腔的几何尺寸,计算了填充因子,讨论了铷激射器的振荡条件。最后与原来的H₀₂₁模腔作比较给出了线宽。     

无缓冲气体涂层泡Rb87激射器

本文提出一种不用缓冲气体而用涂层泡的Rb⁸⁷激射器的试验方案。给出了满足激射振荡要求的特定的涂层泡的设计,同时,讨论了激射器的振荡条件及予期所能获得的短期频率稳定度。最后,指出该激射器可能发展为长、短稳兼优的频标。     

铷激射器频率的光强和温度效应研究

本文从实验上研究铷激射器频率的光强和温度特性,对与光强无关的激射器频率及与此对应的腔频随泡温的变化作了满意的解释。在降低光强影响的同时,提出降低激射器频率的温度效应的可行方案。 关键词：     

腔损对单原子微激射器中产生稳定四阶与振幅平方压缩态的影响

研究了利用相干陷落方法在单原子微激射器中产生具有四阶压缩和振幅平方压缩性质的稳态腔场.结果表明,在目前微激射器实验的腔损条件下,如果注入腔中的原子初始处于相干态,只要原子束的通量适当大,当原子在腔中的飞行时间满足陷落条件时,腔场可进入相干陷落态,此时腔场呈现稳定的四阶压缩和振幅平方压缩性质 关键词：     

单片双波长输出垂直外腔面发射激光器EI北大核心CSCD

报道了利用垂直外腔面发射激光器(Vertical external cavity surface emitting laser,VECSEL)的增益谱与腔模的大失配设计实现VECSEL双波长同时激射的方法,设计了稳定的振荡腔结构,理论预测了这种VECSEL的三种工作状态并进行了实验验证。随着VECSEL泵浦功率增加,增益芯片内部工作温度逐步升高,VECSEL依次出现带边波长激射、双波长激射及腔模波长激射三种工作状态。最初VECSEL的激射波长位于带边模式决定的激光波长(952.7 nm),随着泵浦功率增加,增益芯片热效应增强,腔模波长与带边波长出现模式竞争,此后出现双波长激射现象。双波长峰值强度接近时VECSEL激光输出功率达到359 mW,激光波长分别位于954.2 nm和1001.2 nm,在该位置附近VECSEL的输出功率曲线呈现明显的二次阈值现象。当泵浦功率持续增加,激光输出波长变为腔模波长激射,激光波长位于1002.4 nm。在单波长及双波长工作状态下VECSEL的光斑形貌均为高斯形貌的圆形对称激光光束,激光光束发散角半角由5.7°增加到7.9°。这种单芯片双波长输出VECSEL方案未来在抗干扰激光雷达以及频率转换太赫兹激光等方面有着很好的应用潜力。     

强光谱灯抽运87Rb激射器

提出在光谱灯中采用蘑菇形和圆饼形灯泡代替传统的球形灯,运用高功率射频源成功地点燃了这两种灯,并进行了光抽运⁸⁷Rb激射器实验。它们的发射光强分别为球形灯的2.3和2倍,对应激射器最高输出功率的最佳共振泡温度分别升高5和4℃,激射器最高输出功率由-67.5dBm分别提高到-60和-62dBm。实测⁸⁷Rb激射器的短期频率稳定度的改善与输出功率的提高相符合。 关键词：     

增益腔模大失配型垂直外腔面发射激光器侧向激射抑制

垂直外腔面发射激光器(Vertical external cavity surface emitting laser,VECSEL)的侧向激射是制约其高性能工作的关键。我们设计了室温下量子阱增益峰与表面腔模大失配(30 nm)的增益芯片结构,并证实该结构可以有效抑制泵浦功率增加时VECSEL的侧向激射增强问题。增益芯片基底温度为20℃时,VECSEL正向激射波长位于980 nm,侧向激射波长位于950 nm,当泵浦功率逐步增加时,侧向激射强度随着正向激射的出现而迅速降低。这是因为激光正向激射时量子阱的受激辐射能级与正向激射激光模式匹配,正向激射的激光模式可以获取更高的模式增益,在与侧向模式的竞争中处于优势地位。当基底温度控制在0℃与10℃时,量子阱本征增益峰值与表面腔模失配度增大,此时VECSEL仍然表现出稳定的侧向激射抑制效果。     

新型双波长激光增益控制掺铒光纤放大器

掺铒光纤非均匀展宽引起的空间烧孔现象导致单波长激光并不能完全控制放大器增益。提出了一种新颖简单的结构，利用自由光谱范围为26．7nm的法布里－珀罗可调谐滤波器和由长周期光纤光栅制成的波长选择性可调谐的衰减器，有效地调整不同波长处的腔内损耗，可以实现不同强度的双波长激射。由两个不同波长的激光共同承担增益控制的任务，降低了控制激光引起的空间烧孔，同时双波长激射有效地抑制了信号光的弛豫振荡。     

自由电子激光的不稳振荡理论

自由电子激光最初是一种量子理论,后来F.A.Hopf等证明可用经典理论加以描述。本文将从解Vlasov-Maxwell方程的不稳振荡出发来讨论自由电子激光,所得结果不仅可用于相对论电子来通过横向周期磁场产生激光,而且也适用于光波或微波与相对论电子束相互作用产生激光。比较了各种方案,对电子束单色性要求是高的,接着又讨论了电子回旋激射器的不稳振荡,求得波纹回旋激射器问题的解.     

基于相位采样光栅的双波长光纤激光器

提出一种基于相位采样的分布反馈式双波长光纤激光器,在不同的空间化置同时引入相位和采样周期的突变.通过理论分析,这种结构能够实现谐振腔的分离,使不同波长的光波利用不同空间位置的增益介质,克服增益介质均匀加宽引起的模式竞争,实现双波长激射.采用准分子激光器和均匀相位模板,在掺铒光纤上制作波长差为0.46 nm的舣波长光纤激光器,能够实现舣波长激射.通过实验,对激光器输出功率和光栅强度的关系进行研究,表明输出功率和光栅强度成反比.     

小型化氢脉泽原子储存时间设计

氢微波激射器（氢脉泽）采用原子储存泡对氢原子进行囚禁，在低损耗谐振腔内形成稳定的自持振荡.本文采用具备低腔频温度系数的介质加载谐振腔替换传统的腔-泡结构，实现了氢脉泽的小型化；并分析了这种小型化方案对频率稳定度和准确度的影响.原子储存时间设计值为0.4 s，闭环后的频率稳定度为5.6×10^-15/（1 000 s），与储存时间设计结果相吻合.     

Atomic beam preparation for hydrogen maser operation with unpolarized atoms

The conventional atomic beam preparation technique for hydrogen maser operation consists of a six pole magnetic field focussing in combination with adiabatically changing magnetic fields in the transition region between focusser and maser cavity, which results in a state selected, polarized ensemble of hydrogen atoms. Hydrogen maser operation with state selected, but unpolarized atoms has the advantage to reduce considerably the sensitivity of hydrogen maser frequency on coherently excited, low frequency,Δm _F =±1 Zeeman transitions. The influence of the magnetic field pattern in the transition region on the energy level population probabilities for the focussed hydrogen beam has been analysed. Atomic beam preparation techniques using non-adiabatically changing magnetic field configurations in the transition region are described. The dependence of hydrogen maser oscillation on the energy level population within the atomic beam is theoretically investigated and the results are used for the analysis of the experimentally achieved atomic beam populations. It has been shown that a pulsed magnetic spin guidance field in the transition region, which switches between adiabatically changing magnetic field configurations and a sudden magnetic field reversal, results in an ensemble of hydrogen atoms with vanishing time averaged polarization, which does not deteriorate the conventionally achieved maser oscillation amplitude.     

On the hydrogen maser oscillation threshold

In the construction and evaluation of the characteristics of a hydrogen maser, the oscillation parameter q remains an important parameter but somewhat difficult to determine precisely. Among the few techniques that exist to do such an evaluation we report on the technique using a variation of the quality factor of the microwave cavity. The results are compared to the standard theoretical model of operation of the maser accepted up to now. It is found that the technique described is extremely useful for determining the operational characteristics of such a maser. Furthermore, the experimental results and theoretical analysis are in reasonable agreement, which validates to a new level the hypothesis made in the development of the theory.     

Beat mode phase shifts in a molecular beam Zeeman maser oscillator operated with cavities in series

A magnetic field dependent phase shift between oscillation beat frequencies in a self-excited first and passive second cavity of a molecular beam Zeeman maser operated with two cavities in series is reported and interpreted.     

单原子脉塞和单原子激光——腔量子电动力学的实验平台

单原子脉塞和单原子激光是腔量子电动力学研究的重要实验平台。本文综述关于几类单原子脉塞和单原子激光的研究工作,包括德国Walther小组的单原子脉塞、超冷原子注入的单原子脉塞,法国Haroche小组的腔量子电动力学系统、注入原子的单原子激光、以及囚禁原子和囚禁离子的单原子激光。我们介绍相关的理论工作、实验系统、以及主要结果。     

A two-wavelength oscillation CO2 laser for differential absorption measurements of atmospheric trace molecules

A two-wavelength oscillation C0₂ laser was constructed for the differential absorption measurement of low concentrations of atmospheric trace molecules and pollution molecules. A diffraction grating was alternately angle-modulated for the two-branch oscillation using a single C0₂ laser. The output power of the two wavelengths was balanced to be equal. With these characteristics, the phase-sensitive detection technique can be applied to give highly sensitive detection of the received power difference, which is proportional to the absorption in the optical path of the transmitted beams. A differential absorption spectrometer was used to demonstrate the usefulness of this two-wavelength laser oscillation method incorporating the output power balancing technique. The concentration of ethylene molecules was detected in a calibration cell and was also measured in real time in the exhaust of a combustion engine. From these results it has been shown that this differential absorption scheme offers a minimum detectable absorption of approximately 0.8%.     

Short-wave sectioned free-electron masers with Bragg resonators based on the traveling and quasi-critical wave coupling

We consider the possibility of implementation of a free-electron maser with a two-mirror resonator composed of modified and conventional Bragg mirrors, operated in the short-wave part of the millimeter-wave range. The use of a modified Bragg mirror based on the traveling and quasicritical wave coupling at the input of the interaction space permits the transverse-index selection of modes. Amplification of the synchronous co-propagating wave by an electron beam is reached mainly in the regular part of the resonator. Even slight reflections from the conventional output Bragg cavity, which directly couples the co- and counter-propagating traveling waves, turn out to be sufficient for generation of self-excited oscillations. It is shown that the new scheme of a free electron maser ensures the oscillation frequency stabilization with respect to the electron-energy variation. With the optimal choice of the parameters, the oscillation frequency is close to the cutoff frequency of a quasi-critical wave excited in the modified Bragg structure.