Biexciton gain and the Mott transition in GaAs quantum wires

Optical gain and the Mott transition in GaAs quantum wires were studied via simultaneous measurements of absorption and photoluminescence (PL). We observed well-separated PL peaks assigned to excitons (X) and biexcitons (XX) even at densities where optical gain existed. A sharp optical gain first appeared when the XX peak overtook the X peak, indicating the gain origin of biexciton-exciton population inversion. The XX peak eventually changed to a broad peak of plasma, and a broad gain due to plasma was observed as the Mott transition was completed.     

Edge states of Sr2RuO4 detected by in-plane tunneling spectroscopy

Tunneling spectroscopy has been performed on Sr(2)RuO(4) searching for the edge states peculiar to topological superconductivity. Conductance spectra exhibit broad humps with three types of peak shape: domelike peak, split peak, and two-step peak. By comparing the experiments with predictions for unconventional superconductivity, these varieties are shown to originate from multiband chiral p-wave symmetry with weak anisotropy of pair amplitude. The broad hump in the conductance spectrum is a direct manifestation of the edge state due to chiral p-wave superconductivity.     

多孔氧化铝膜的荧光研究

采用电化学方法在草酸溶液中制备铝基多孔阳极氧化铝膜,用原子力显微镜观察其形貌,得到平均孔径为 38 nm的有序排列.用F-4500型荧光分光光度计测量其三维荧光谱,与未经氧化的铝片作对比,发现前者的激发谱在280 nm~340 nm有一个较宽的谱带,并且在253.8 nm附近有一个肩峰,发射谱有一个以417.4 nm为峰值的较宽谱带,而后者却无任何明显的发射峰和激发峰.再分别用波长为248 nm的准分子激光器和波长355 nm的三倍频YAG激光器激发,得到明亮的蓝光光谱,在同样条件下激发未经阳极氧化的高纯铝片,将二者的光致发光谱进行对比处理.实验认为,这种发光机理可能是来源于薄膜中与氧空位有关的缺陷态,而且,在成膜过程中伴随着草酸根离子的介入,导致多孔阳极氧化铝膜中亦有与草酸根离子相关的发光中心,同时,量子限域效应也使氧化铝薄膜的光学性质发生了变化.     

Optical investigations of polycrystalline Mg1−xB2 near metal-insulator transition

We measured reflectivity spectra of polycrystalline Mg_1−xB₂ samples, which show a metal-insulator transition with x. After performing the Kramers-Kronig analysis, the obtained optical conductivity spectra σ(ω) of MgB₂ show a narrow Drude peak in the far-infrared region and a broad peak in the mid-infrared region. As x increases, the spectral weight of the Drude peak is strongly suppressed and that of the broad peak becomes enhanced a little. The existence of the broad mid-infrared peak in the insulating sample suggests that this peak might not be related to the free carriers in MgB₂. In the far-infrared region, we also observe that the low energy dielectric constant of Mg_1−xB₂ diverges near the metal-insulator phase boundary (i.e. x=0.08). This result implies the possibility of a phase separation and a percolative metal-insulator transition in Mg_1−xB₂.     

A mechanical spectrum study of bilayer cuprate La1.82Sr0.18CaCu2O6+δ

The mechanical spectrum of bilayer cuprate La_1.82Sr_0.18CaCu₂O_6+δ (La2126) was measured using the vibrating reed method from 30 K to room temperature at kilohertz frequency. A clear modulus softening was observed at 223 K accompanied by a sharp internal friction peak, which evidences a phase transition. Another broad internal friction peak around 250 K was observed, accompanied by a large modulus change. This contrasts with the broad internal friction peak of Ca doped Y Ba₂Cu₃O_7−δ (Y123) for which no clear modulus change was observed. The main contribution to the broad internal friction peak of La2126 is expected to be from the glass transition of the interstitial oxygen atoms.     

Evolution of spin dynamics in electron-doped cuprate superconductors

Within the kinetic energy driven superconducting mechanism, the evolution of the magnetic excitations of the electron-doped cuprates in the superconducting state is studied. It is shown that there is a broad commensurate low energy magnetic scattering peak, while the magnetic resonance energy is located among this broad commensurate low energy scattering range. This broad commensurate low energy magnetic scattering disperses outward into a continuous ring-like incommensurate magnetic scattering at high energy.     

Zn/ZnO纳米颗粒的表面声子Raman散射

Ｚｎ／ＺｎＯ纳米颗粒的表面声子Ｒａｍａｎ散射许建峰黄亚彬莫育俊（河南大学物理系开封４７５００１）ＲａｍａｎＳｃａｔｅｒｉｎｇｆｒｏｍＳｕｒｆａｃｅＰｈｏｎｏｎｓｉｎＺｎ／ＺｎＯＮａｎｏｐａｒｔｉｃｌｅｓＸｕＪｉａｎｆｅｎｇ，ＨｕａｎｇＹａｂｉｎ，Ｍｏ...     

自旋系统无规格点模型的Monte CarLo研究

本文利用一种新的自旋玻璃模型-无规格点模型,对掺杂度为0.5%的自旋玻璃CuMn进行了MC模拟计算^**。发现低场磁化率存在明显的尖峰,磁比热cm仅有宽广峰。     

白光LED用荧光粉Ba_(1.97)Ca_(1-x)(B_3O_6)_2∶Eu_(0.03)~(2+),Mn_x~(2+)的制备及其发光特性

采用高温固相反应法制备了Ba1.97Ca1-x(B3O6)2∶Eu2+,Mnx2+(x=0,0.03,0.06,0.15)荧光粉,研究了其相组成与荧光特性。结果表明,样品具有单相Ba2Ca(B3O6)2晶体结构。Eu2+同时占据Ba2+格位和Ca2+格位。在317 nm波长的紫外光激发下,Eu2+辐射出峰值在450 nm附近的宽谱蓝光。通过能量传递作用,Mn2+辐射峰值为600 nm左右的宽谱红光。蓝光和红光叠加形成色坐标为(x=0.371,y=0.282)的近白光发射。样品的激发光谱分布在250~400 nm的波长范围,有望在紫外激发的白光LED中获得应用。     

Low energy dynamics of two-dimensional lateral tunnel junctions

We report on the low temperature tunneling characteristics of two-dimensional lateral tunnel junctions (2DLTJs) consisting of two coplanar two-dimensional electron systems separated by an in-plane tunnel barrier. The tunneling conductance of the 2DLTJ exhibits a characteristic dip at small voltages—consistent with the phenomenon of zero-bias anomaly in low-dimensional tunnel junctions—and a broad conductance peak at the Coulombic energy scale. The conductance peak remains robust under magnetic fields well into the quantum Hall regime. We identify the broad conductance maxima as the signature of the pseudogap in the tunneling density of states below the characteristic Coulomb interaction energy of the 2DLTJ.     

Diagnostics of plasmon resonance in optical absorption spectra of nanographite aqueous suspensions

A characteristic feature near ～255 nm has been revealed in the optical absorption spectra of nano-graphite aqueous suspensions. This is a broad absorption peak, which is due to the surface plasmon resonance in nanographite particles. The peak shape and intensity depend on the structural quality and aggregate state of onion-like nanographite particles in suspension.     

Photoluminescence of a silver-doped glass

The absorption, emission and excitation spectra of Ag⁺ ions in a soda lime glass doped with two different concentration of silver are investigated. Absorption spectra exhibit a main broad band peaked at about 260 nm (4.77 eV) with a shoulder at about 227 nm (5.46 eV). The relative height of the shoulder depends on silver concentration in the glass. Emission spectra of Ag⁺ are dominated by an ultraviolet broad band at about 330 nm (3.76 eV). The excitation spectra for this emission show a preponderant broad band peaked at about 227 nm (5.46 eV) which coincides with peak position of the shoulder displayed in the optical absorption spectra. A weak broad featureless emission band centred at about 550 nm (2.25 eV) with an excitation peak at about 242 nm (5.12 eV) is tentatively related to an impurity from the host silica glass rather than originated in silver-type centres. Comparison of the luminescence decay curves for both emissions show substantial differences between them. Consequently, the emissions in the time-resolved spectra can easily be discriminated.     

Magnetic ordering in YbEu alloys

Magnetization measurements of alloys of 10–40 at.% Eu in Yb have revealed a broad isofield magnetic moment peak at 8 K for the forty atomic percent alloy. The peak moves to lower temperatures with decreasing Eu content. At low Eu concentrations evidence for ferromagnetic ordering is seen in the magnetization data.     

Two modes of electroluminescence from single‐walled carbon nanotubes

The electroluminescence from single‐walled carbon nanotube field effect transistors is spectrally resolved, and shows two distinct modes of light emission. The vast majority of nanotubes have spectrally broad emission consistent with the spectrum of blackbody radiation. Much more rarely, superposed on the broad emission is a single narrow (<50 meV) peak which is consistent with expectation for electron–hole recombination. The narrow emission is strong even at lower biases and in general has greater peak intensity than the broadband emission. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Solid-state NMR studies of the crystalline and amorphous domains within PEO and PEO: LiTf systems

Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) contain amorphous and crystalline regions, each of which have unique contributions to the ¹³C NMR spectrum. Understanding and assigning the ¹³C NMR signals are vital to interpreting the NMR data collected for each phase. The ¹³C CPMAS solid-state NMR spectrum of poly(ethylene oxide), a common polymer electrolyte host material, has superimposed broad and narrow components. Previously, the narrow component has been assigned to the amorphous region and the broad component to the crystalline PEO fraction. These assignments for pure PEO have been applied to various PEO:salt systems. Using lithium triflate salt dissolved in PEO, we revisit the spectral assignments and discover that the narrow component is due to crystalline PEO:LiTf component, which is reversed from the previous pure PEO assignment. This paradigm shift is based on data collected from a 100% crystalline PEO:LiTf with a 3:1 oxygen:lithium ratio sample, which exhibited only the narrow peak. For dilute electrolytes, such as 20:1 PEO:LiTf, the ¹³C CPMAS spectra contain the narrow peak superimposed on a broad peak as seen with pure PEO. As dilute electrolytes are heterogeneous with crystalline and amorphous regions of both pure PEO and PEO:LiTf complex, peak assignments for pure PEO and PEO:LiTf are important. Thus, we reexamine the previous assignment for pure PEO using samples of pure powdered PEO, thermally treated pure powdered PEO, and a thin film PEO cast from an acetonitrile solution. With these different samples, we observed the growth of the narrow peak under conditions that favor crystallization. Therefore, for pure PEO, we have reassigned the narrow peak to the crystalline region and the broad peak to the amorphous region. In light of our observations, previous NMR studies of pure PEO and PEO SPEs should be reinvestigated. We also use rotational echo double resonance (REDOR) to study the 20:1 PEO:LiTf created from 2 and 100 kDa PEO. We find that the lithium environment is similar in the respective microcrystalline domains. However, the 100 kDa samples have a larger fraction of pure crystalline PEO.     

Quantum wire lasers with high uniformity formed by cleaved-edge overgrowth with growth-interrupt anneal

High-quality T-shaped quantum wire lasers are fabricated by cleaved-edge overgrowth with the molecular beam epitaxy on the interface improved by a growth-interrupt high-temperature anneal. Micro-photoluminescence (PL) and PL excitation spectroscopy reveals unprecedented high quality of the wires, and structures of one-dimensional (1D) free excitons and 1D continuum states. At high pumping levels, PL evolves from a sharp free exciton peak via a biexciton peak to a red-shifted broad band. Lasing has been achieved with low lasing threshold. The lasing energy is on the red-shifted broad band and is about 5 meV below the free exciton. The observed shift excludes free excitons in lasing, and suggests contribution of highly Coulomb-correlated electron-hole plasma.     

BaClxBr2-x∶Eu2+材料光激励光谱及色心研究

采用高温固相法制备了BaClxBr2-x∶Eu2+光激励发光材料,利用XRD、激发、发射以及激励光谱研究了所制备材料的结构和光学性能。XRD图像表明所制备的材料为单一纯相,随X值增大,衍射角向大角度偏移。发射光谱中位于405nm的窄带谱峰,由Eu2+的4f65d→4f7能级跃迁所引起,监测405nm发射峰,所得激发光谱是位于250～380nm之间的宽带,谱峰位于303nm;光激励波段位于480～800nm,激励峰位于575nm。通过光谱曲线拟合,发现激励光谱由550,610和685nm左右的光谱叠加而成,分别对应F(Cl-),F(Cl-Br),F(Br-)色心,激励峰随Cl/Br比值增加而蓝移。     

On the local quasiparticle density of states within the asymmetric Anderson model

We calculate the local density of states for the asymmetric Anderson model by applying a self-consistent perturbation approximation for the impurity electron's self-energy. The three-resonance structure obtained in the symmetric case at low temperatures, which features a narrow central peak at the Fermi level, is found to transform into a broad single resonance with increasing asymmetry. For any asymmetry the spectral density function approaches in the high temperature limit a broad two-resonance structure.     

Vibrational spectra of fluorohafnate glass

We report the first detailed measurements of fundamental vibrational spectra in fluorohafnate glass. The Raman spectrum is dominated by a single relatively broad peak in the vicinity of 570–590 cm^?1 attributed to Hf-F stretching modes, while the infrared spectrum displays two prominent broad peaks. The location of the high frequency peaks is shown to be consistent with the observed position of the infrared absorption edge.     

Role of correlated hopping in mixed valence phenomena

Role of correlated hopping is studied using extended Falicov–Kimball model in a small cluster. A discontinuous insulator-to-metal transition is observed at a critical f-level energy. Transition is sharper for larger correlated hopping. In the specific heat curves a two-peak structure consisting of a sharp peak followed by a Schottky-type broad peak is exhibited. In a limited parameter region, some heavy-fermion like characteristics have been observed.