一类速度不同的具有m台通用机的n组工件的排序问题

研究的目的在于解决实践中对多组任务的优化排序问题,即在最短的时间内完成所有给定的任务,由于这类问题往往都是NP完全问题,人们通常寻求其近似算法．文中提出了一种改进的LPT算法,利用。首先空闲”准则,讨论了将n组工件安排在n台速度不同的专用机,m台速度小于专用机的通用机上的C‰。。问题,得到了利用该近似算法所得的解T与最优解T＊的—个估计：T/T＊≤2＋（n-2）/（m＋1）     

Vandermonde行列式的快速并行算法

n阶Vandermonder行列式的求值通常需要O(n~2)次算术运算．本文从计算复杂性的角度出发，给出一种求Vandermonde行列式、合流型Vandermonde行列式、广义Vandermonde行列式的快速算法．该算法仅需O(nlog~2n)次算术运算．若在n台处理机上并行计算，该算法需并行步数O(nlog_(2~2)n)．速度倍数为s_p=O(n)．并行效率为O(1)．     

机器维修的排序问题

研究了机器维修的排序问题,假设第i台机器的维修起始日期为第αi天(i=1,2,…,n)．n台机器的维修起始日期简记为(α1,α2,…,αn),得到一系列(α1,α2,…,αn)存在的充分或必要条件。     

平行机中关于关于同类机近似算法的研究

我们考虑平行机排序问题中的这样一类:机器两台,类型一样,但效率不同.其中n个工件在第一台机器上的加工时间分别为p1,p2,…,Pn,在第二台机器上的加工时间分别为αρ1,αρ2,…,αρn,其中0<α≤1.每台机器上的工件总数不受限制.n个工件的权分别为w1,w2,…,wn,我们的目标是如何在这两台机器上安排这n个工件以及如何确定每台机器上工件加工的先后顺序,使得这n个工件的完工时间的总权和 达到最小.该问题记为 .对于这个问题,我们给出一个1.1755近似算法.     

对一道例题的多角度审视

新教材(高二上)P13有这样一道例题: 例4:甲乙两人同时同地沿同一路线走到同一地点.甲有一半时间以速度m行走,另有一半时间以速度n行走;乙有一半路程以速度m行走,另有一半路程以速度n行走.如果m≠n,问甲乙两人谁先到达指定地点?     

跳跃度变点模型变点估计的收敛速度

对至多只有一个跳跃度变点τ[0的模型Xi=α+θI{[nτ0]＜i≤n}+εi,其中εi独立同分布,i=1,…,n.利用滑窗方法给出了强、弱相合性以及强、弱收敛速度,并进一步研究了在局部对立条件下变点估计的OP收敛速度.     

三个数列的收敛速度

利用不等式形式对e-〔1+1/n〕~n,〔1+1/n〕~(n+1)-e,e-sum from k=0 to n 1/k!进行了估计,给出了数列〔〔1+1/n〕~n〕,〔〔1+1/n〕~(n+1)〕,sum from k=0 to n 1/k!收敛于e的速度.     

带调速器的多台机组的暂态关联稳定性

对于带调速器的多台电机组,本文引入关联矩阵E=(e_(ij))_(n×n),应用李雅普诺夫函数分解法,研究了此电力大系统的暂态关联稳定性,得到了系统的分解系数与稳定区域的估计公式。     

三个数列的收敛速度

利用不等式形式对e-〔1＋1/n〕^n,〔1＋1/n〕^（n＋1）-e,e-n∑k=0 1/k!进行了估计,给出了数列〔〔1＋1/n〕^n〕,〔〔1＋1/n〕^（n＋1）〕,{n∑k=0 1/k!}收敛于e的速度.     

强平稳ρ-混合序列的精确渐近性

研究了强平稳ρ-混合序列部分和Sn=X1 X2 … Xn的精确渐近性:即当ε↘0时,概率级数∞∑n=1ψ(n)P(|Sn|≥εH(n))的极限行为和收敛速度,并揭示了函数ψ(n)与H(n)之间的关系.     

农机服务组织作业效率影响因素的实证分析

以山东省仓山县农机服务组织作业效率影响因素的实地问卷调查结果为依据,构建了农机服务组织作业效率影响因素指标体系,利用统计方法对农机服务组织作业效率的主要影响因素进行了辩识,并对主要影响因素的指标灵敏度进行了测度研究,得出了影响农机服务组织作业效率的主要因素及其指标灵敏度,指出了当前农机服务组织发展中存在的不足和改进思路.     

农机配套服务的系统分析和协调优化模型研究

在界定农机配套服务的基础上,首先系统分析了农机配套服务的影响因素,以黑龙江垦区51个农场近10年农机和粮食产量等数据为例,采用相关分析、建立最优模型等方法知目前黑龙江垦区农机配套比与粮食单产相关系数的绝对值存在逐年减少趋势.再以七星农场近10年数据为例知小型农机具配套比与粮食产量相关性最密切,而利用建立最优回归模型揭示大中型拖拉机配套农机具对粮食产量起到显著作用.最后建立和分析农机配套服务的协调优化模型,确定了决策变量的满足条件,为推进农机配套服务具有重要意义.     

模式识别技术在机械设备故障诊断中的应用

本文从统计意义上分析了机械设备在不同运行状态下振动信号的特征;选择信号幅值的概率分布的前n阶矩作为特征向量来进行状态信息凝聚.在此,将设备的状态分为“完好”和“故障”两种,应用模式识别技术进行状态分类.最后通过对试验数据的分析,证实了特征参数的稳定性和对故障的敏感性.结果表明,分类判据是有效的.     

基于向后逐步回归模型的我国农机需求特征及影响因素研究

以2004-2014年数据为样本,以农机总动力为因变量,以农机购置补贴、农机价格、农机作业服务价格、农户人均纯收入、农产品价格、农业劳动力数量和农作物播种总面积为自变量构建了我国农机需求影响因素的回归方程,向后逐步回归结果表明:(1)除农作物播种总面积、农机作业服务价格、农产品价格之外,其余变量对农机总动力的影响均统计上显著;(2)农机购置补贴、农机价格指数、农户人均纯收入及农业劳动力四个变量对农机需求的弹性系数分别为0.027、-0.004、0.457、0.474。最后根据研究结果提出加大与落实农机购置补贴、规范农机价格、培育新型经营主体、加速土地规范流转等政策建议。     

Early fault detection of rotating machinery through chaotic vibration feature extraction of experimental data sets

Fault detection of rotating machinery by the complex and non-stationary vibration signals with noise is very difficult, especially at the early stages. Also, many failure mechanisms and various adverse operating conditions in rotating machinery involve significant nonlinear dynamical properties. As a novel method, phase space reconstruction is used to study the effect of faults on the chaotic behavior, for the first time. Strange attractors in reconstructed phase space proof the existence of chaotic behavior. To quantify the chaotic vibration for fault diagnosis, a set of new features are extracted. These features include the largest Lyapunov exponent; approximate entropy and correlation dimension which acquire more fault characteristic information. The variations of these features for different healthy/faulty conditions are very good for fault diagnosis and identification. For the first time, a new chaotic feature space is introduced for fault detection, which is made from chaotic behavior features. In this space, different conditions of rotating machinery are separated very well. To obtain more generalized results, the features are introduced into a neural network to identify different faults in rotating machinery. The effectiveness of the new features based on chaotic vibrations is demonstrated by the experimental data sets. The proposed approach can reliably recognize different fault types and have more accurate results. Also, the performance of the new procedure is robust to the variation of load values and shows good generalization capability for various load values.     

关于不分明凸集的几点注记

我们综合考虑作物组合和熟制、生产工艺、机群的生产效率和费用、作业适期、气候条件的随机性及其对实际田间作业天数的影响、以及相应的适时性损失,应用蒙特卡罗模拟技术,建立了一个确定各种机群结构最佳负担面积的模拟模型。并根据目前苏南地区适用的稻麦生产工艺和目前可供选用或已经过引进试验的机组性能参数,按照配套、协调和不可分割的原则,组成了七种基本机群结构。在模拟运算和灵敏度试验的基础上,对各种机群的经济规模、单位面积投资、生产费用、土地生产率和亩均纯收入等各项经济效益指标进行了详尽的分析和比较。最后,就农业机械化的发展战略、有关的政策措施以及农业的经营体制提出了我们的见解和结论。     

A tabu search approach for solving a difficult forest harvesting machine location problem

This paper deals with two main problems in forest harvesting. The first is that of selecting the locations for the machinery to haul logs from the points where they are felled to the roadside. The second consists in designing the access road network connecting the existing road network with the points where machinery is installed. Their combination induces a very important and difficult problem to solve in forest harvesting. It can be formulated as a combination of two difficult optimization problems: a plant location problem and a fixed charge network flow problem. In this paper, we propose a solution approach based on tabu search. The proposed heuristic includes several enhancements of the basic tabu search framework. The main difficulty lies in evaluating neighboring solutions, which involves decisions related to location of machinery and to road network arcs. Hence, the neighborhood is more complex than in typical applications of metaheuristics. Minimum spanning tree algorithms and Steiner tree heuristics are used to deal with this problem. Numerical results indicate that the heuristic approach is very attractive and leads to better solutions than those provided by state-of-the-art integer programming codes in limited computation times, with solution times significantly smaller. The numerical results do not vary too much when typical parameters such as the tabu tenure are modified, except for the dimension of neighborhood.     

Multiple objective linear programming for environmental farm planning

We present a multiple objective linear programming model developed to consider a wide range of farming situations, which allows optimisation of profit or environmental outcome(s) or both. The modelling considers the problem of planning a farming system within a world where environmental considerations are increasing. The objective is to identify the best cropping and machinery options which are both profitable and result in improvements to the environment, depending upon the farm situation of market prices, potential crop yields, soil and weather characteristics. In particular, the model uses a flexible approach to choosing the machinery, timing of operations, crop rotations and levels of inputs. We show for a UK scenario, that large reductions in environmental impact can be achieved for reductions in farm profit which are insignificant relative to the annual variation due to yields and prices.     

机械结构的模糊优化设计

本文阐述了机械结构模糊优化设计的必要性及方法，并以用于５５千瓦风力发电机组的ＮＧＷ９２型行星齿轮传动为例，说明这一现代设计方法的实施及优良设计特性。