基于联合编码调制的调光控制方案实现

针对可见光通信系统中闪烁抑制与调光控制功能的实现,提出了一种采用联合编码调制进行调光控制的方法。该方法利用脉冲宽度调制(PWM)匹配数据帧内与帧间的占空比,同时结合游程长度受限编码(RLL)实现闪烁抑制;通过分别采用多脉冲位置调制(MPPM)和重叠脉冲位置调制(OPPM)实现光强调节,以满足功率效率或频谱效率需求。理论分析表明,与典型的可变脉冲位置调制(VPPM)相比,占空比为0.9的MPPM的归一化功率可节省2.24dB,而占空比为0.5的OPPM的频谱利用率高出0.8bps/Hz,即OPPM具有较高的频谱效率。此外,基于FPGA平台开发实现提出2种调制方案,实验结果验证了联合调制调光方案可以在保证数据有效传输的条件下抑制光源闪烁并可进行高精度的调光控制。     

无线光通信新型组合脉冲调制性能分析

调制技术是影响无线光通信质量的重要因素之一,探索合适的调制方式是无线光通信的内在需要,为此,全面深入分析不同新型组合脉冲调制的性能。详细地分析了脉冲位置调制(PPM)和数字脉冲间隔调制(DPIM)等传统调制方式,以及脉冲位置宽度调制(PPWM)、差分脉冲位置宽度调制(DPPWM)、双幅度脉冲位置调制(DAPPM)和双幅度脉冲间隔调制(DAPIM)等新型组合调制方式的符号结构;全面比较了以上调制方式的平均发射功率和带宽需求;在给定模型下分析了它们的差错性能。数值结果表明:DAPPM的功率利用率最好,DPPWM的功率效率最低。当二进制比特位M取一定值时,PPM的带宽利用率最低,DPPWM的带宽利用率最高;随着M的增加,DAPPM的带宽效率与DPIM的带宽效率非常接近。而从差错性能看,在相同的信噪比RSN条件下,当M取值一定时,DAPPM的误包率与PPM接近,均优于其他组合调制方式,随着M或RSN增大,系统误包率逐渐减少;同时,通过增大PPWM的r参数、减少DAPPM的α参数,可适当改善差错性能。因此,要根据实际系统的要求选择合适的调制方式。     

猝发混合扩频水声隐蔽通信技术

针对常规的连续载波调制扩频通信方式容易通过能量检测的方法被截获的问题,提出了一种猝发的混合扩频水声隐蔽通信方式,该方法通过在时间上随机的发送脉冲混合调制扩频信号来降低截获概率,而且可以比较灵活的通过调整平均占空比来满足不同隐蔽性的要求,但是该隐蔽性是以牺牲通信速率为代价的。猝发信号中混合了二进制相位键控(BPSK)、循环移位键控(CSK)和多进制频移键控(MFSK)扩频调制方式,采用自同步和时频二维搜索算法实现码元和载波同步。通过仿真分析了猝发通信系统的隐蔽性能和多途信道下的误码性能,并且通过了南海海试验证了算法的性能,在5 km的通信距离上,4 kHz的带宽内,单个脉冲信号的通信速率可以达到317 bps,误码率达到10-3以下。      

Gamma-Gamma湍流下新型脉冲位置调制性能分析

为改进脉冲位置调制方式的性能,结合差分脉冲位置调制和多脉冲位置调制的优势,提出一种新型差分脉冲位置调制方式。在给出其符号结构的基础上,分析了其传输容量、带宽需求和功率需求,推导出Gamma-Gamma湍流信道下自由空间光通信系统的平均误时隙率和误包率模型,仿真分析了湍流强度、传输距离和调制阶数对该系统性能的影响,并将其与开关键控和三种脉冲位置调制方式进行比较。理论分析与仿真结果表明,新型差分脉冲调制方式比单脉冲位置调制、差分脉冲位置调制和多脉冲位置调制具有更高的传输容量,比单脉冲位置调制和差分脉冲位置调制具有更低的带宽需求,比多脉冲位置调制和开关键控具有更高的功率利用率和更好的差错性能,而且不需要符号同步,可以简化系统实现的复杂度。     

基于双电平脉冲宽度调制的低功耗可见光通信技术

为降低可见光通信系统中的额外功耗,对可见光通信中发光二极管结电容充放电导致的额外功耗进行了理论分析,给出了通信速率、结电容和调制方式对额外功耗的影响.基于此,提出了新型的双电平脉冲宽度调制技术,从额外功耗、带宽需求和差错性能三方面对双电平脉冲宽度调制进行了理论分析,并与非归零开关键控调制、脉冲位置调制和数字脉冲间隔调制进行了对比。结果表明,双电平脉冲宽度调制和非归零开关键控调制误时隙率相同,但额外功耗仅为非归零开关键控调制的M/2,(M为调制阶数);虽然相比于脉冲位置调制和数字脉冲间隔调制,双电平脉冲宽度调制需要更高的信噪比,但额外功耗仅为脉冲位置调制和数字脉冲间隔调制的1/2,带宽需求也小于脉冲位置调制和数字脉冲间隔调制,在功耗和带宽敏感的可见光通信系统中有较大优势。     

焦平面图像红外无线传输系统中边沿位置调制的低功耗实现

在焦平面图像红外无线传输系统中,通过引入边沿位置调制(EPM)方式来代替传统的脉冲位置调制方式,提高了传输带宽效率。提出了基于反熔丝FPGA的EPM调制低功耗实现方案,包括输入接口、缓冲器与RLL(5,12)编码状态机的设计,以及数据恢复、脉冲提取等EPM解调关键技术的解决方案。实验系统利用EPM调制方式,在24MHz带宽条件下实现了320×240像素视频数据的低功耗红外无线实时传输,促进了焦平面图像红外无线输出的进一步实用化。     

可见光通信系统中光源的调制技术的研究

可见光通信系统中光源的选择及针对选用的光源所采用的几种常用调制方式:开关键控(OOK)、脉冲位置调制(PPM)、差分脉冲位置调制(DPPM)、脉冲间隔调制(PIM)以及双头脉冲间隔调制(DH-PIM)等并对各种调制方式在平均功率消耗、带宽效率和包误码率方面进行了对比。     

量子点LED用于可见光通信的调制带宽研究进展

可见光通信(Visible light communication,VLC)作为无线通信领域中与无线射频通信互补的一种空间通信技术,近年来吸引了众多研究人员的关注.除了通信链路的电路设计、调制模式之外,调制带宽是照明光源能否实现高质量VLC的关键因素.区别于传统有机LED、聚合物LED及以GaN/InGaN为代表的无机...     

水声通信加权反馈双向Turb均衡器

为了提升自适应双向Turbo均衡器的收敛速度及降低误比特率,提出了采用加权反馈的双向Turbo均衡算法。首先在单个均衡器反馈输入中采用后验均值与先验均值混合的反馈方案,有效提升一轮迭代中均衡器输出的准确性;其次通过后验均值与先验均值的加权合并作为另一均衡器反馈的非因果项输入,在提升反馈输入准确性的同时提升了数据的利用率;最后在权值迭代中采用优化的比例归一化最小均方算法,提升训练阶段均衡器收敛速度。千岛湖试验中,在同样3.75 kbps通信速率的情况下,该方法误比特率仅为传统双向Turbo均衡器的1/3。仿真和试验数据表明,均衡器要达到同样的误比特率,本方法所需迭代轮数更少,在时变信道中系统稳定性更好,误比特率更低,提升了水声通信效率。      

紫外光通信调制方式的对比研究

分析了启闭键控调制(OOK)、脉冲位置调制(PPM)、差分脉冲位置调制(DPPM)和数字脉冲间隔调制(DPIM)的编码结构,然后从带宽需求、平均发射功率、传输容量和差错性能等方面对各种调制方式进行了仿真对比。结果表明,DPIM调制比PPM具有更高的传输容量和更少的带宽需求,并且解调对同步要求较低,实现更简易,并结合紫外LED阵列将作为今后实用化紫外光源的发展趋势,DPIM调制在未来紫外光通信系统的应用中将具有更大的优势。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.