Complete hypersurfaces with constant scalar curvature in spheres

To a given immersion ${i:M^n\to \mathbb S^{n+1}}$ with constant scalar curvature R, we associate the supremum of the squared norm of the second fundamental form sup |A|². We prove the existence of a constant C _n (R) depending on R and n so that R ≥ 1 and sup |A|² = C _n (R) imply that the hypersurface is a H(r)-torus ${\mathbb S^1(\sqrt{1-r^2})\times\mathbb S^{n-1} (r)}$ . For R > (n ? 2)/n we use rotation hypersurfaces to show that for each value C > C _n (R) there is a complete hypersurface in ${\mathbb S^{n+1}}$ with constant scalar curvature R and sup |A|² = C, answering questions raised by Q. M. Cheng.     

Active redundancy allocation for a k-out-of-n:F system of dependent components

We characterize active redundancy through compensator transform and use the reverse rule of order 2 (RR₂) property between compensator processes to investigate the problem of where to allocate a spare in a k-out-of-n:F system of dependent components through active redundancy.     

Bounds for solid angles of lattices of rank three

We find sharp absolute constants C₁ and C₂ with the following property: every well-rounded lattice of rank 3 in a Euclidean space has a minimal basis so that the solid angle spanned by these basis vectors lies in the interval [C₁,C₂]. In fact, we show that these absolute bounds hold for a larger class of lattices than just well-rounded, and the upper bound holds for all. We state a technical condition on the lattice that may prevent it from satisfying the absolute lower bound on the solid angle, in which case we derive a lower bound in terms of the ratios of successive minima of the lattice. We use this result to show that among all spherical triangles on the unit sphere in RN with vertices on the minimal vectors of a lattice, the smallest possible area is achieved by a configuration of minimal vectors of the (normalized) face centered cubic lattice in R³. Such spherical configurations come up in connection with the kissing number problem.     

On the conjugacy problem in the group F/N 1 ∩ N 2

Let N ₁ (N ₂) be the normal closure of a finite symmetrized set R ₁ (R ₂, respectively) in a finitely generated free group F = F(A). As is known, if R _i satisfies condition C(6), then the conjugacy problem is decidable in F/N _i . In the paper, it is proved that, if one adds to condition C(6) on the set R ₁ ∪ R ₂ the atoricity condition for the presentation 〈A | R ₁, R ₂〉, then the conjugacy problem is decidable in the group F/N ₁ ∩ N ₂ as well. In particular, for the decidability of the conjugacy problem in F/N ₁ ∩ N ₂, it is sufficient to assume that the set R ₁ ∪ R ₂ satisfies condition C(7).     

Totally reflexive modules with respect to a semidualizing bimodule

Let S and {iaR} be two associative rings, let _S C _R be a semidualizing (S,R)-bimodule. We introduce and investigate properties of the totally reflexive module with respect to _S C _R and we give a characterization of the class of the totally C _R -reflexive modules over any ring R. Moreover, we show that the totally C _R -reflexive module with finite projective dimension is exactly the finitely generated projective right R-module. We then study the relations between the class of totally reflexive modules and the Bass class with respect to a semidualizing bimodule. The paper contains several results which are new in the commutative Noetherian setting.     

A functional equation characterizing the second derivative

Consider an operator T:C²(R)→C(R) and isotropic maps A₁,A₂:C¹(R)→C(R) such that the functional equation

     

The Double Centralizer Theorem for Semiprime Algebras

In the paper we prove the double centralizer theorem for semiprime algebras. To be precise, let R be a closed semiprime algebra over its extended centroid F, and let A be a closed semiprime subalgebra of R, which is a finitely generated module over F. Then C _R (A) is also a closed semiprime algebra and C _R (C _R (A))?=?A. In addition, if C _R (A) satisfies a polynomial identity, then so does the whole ring R. Here, for a subset T of R, we write C _R (T):?=?{x?∈?R|xt?=?tx???t?∈?T}, the centralizer of T in R.     

Sigma-cotorsion rings

It is proved that a ring R is right perfect if and only if it is Σ-cotorsion as a right module over itself. Several other conditions are shown to be equivalent. For example, that every pure submodule of a free right R-module is strongly pure-essential in a direct summand, or that the countable direct sum of the cotorsion envelope of R_R is cotorsion.If C_R is a flat Σ-cotorsion module, then C_R admits a decomposition into a direct sum of indecomposable modules with a local endomorphism ring. The Jacobson radical J(S) of the endomorphism ring S=End_RC is characterized as the maximum ideal that acts locally T-nilpotently on C_R. If R is semilocal and C=C(R), then the radical consists of those endomorphisms whose image is contained in CJ.     

Compact spaces generated by retractions

We study compact spaces which are obtained from metric compacta by iterating the operation of inverse limit of continuous sequences of retractions. This class, denoted by R, has been introduced in [M. Burke, W. Kubi?, S. Todor?evi?, Kadec norms on spaces of continuous functions, http://arxiv.org/abs/math.FA/0312013]. Allowing continuous images in the definition of class R, one obtains a strictly larger class, which we denote by RC. We show that every space in class RC is either Corson compact or else contains a copy of the ordinal segment ω₁+1. This improves a result of Kalenda from [O. Kalenda, Embedding of the ordinal segment [0,ω₁] into continuous images of Valdivia compacta, Comment. Math. Univ. Carolin. 40 (4) (1999) 777-783], where the same was proved for the class of continuous images of Valdivia compacta. We prove that spaces in class R do not contain cutting P-points (see the definition below), which provides a tool for finding spaces in RC?R. Finally, we study linearly ordered spaces in class RC. We prove that scattered linearly ordered compacta belong to RC and we characterize those ones which belong to R. We show that there are only 5 types (up to order isomorphism) of connected linearly ordered spaces in class R and all of them are Valdivia compact. Finally, we find a universal pre-image for the class of all linearly ordered Valdivia compacta.     

On the number of matrices and a random matrix with prescribed row and column sums and 0-1 entries

We consider the set Σ(R,C) of all m×n matrices having 0-1 entries and prescribed row sums R=(r₁,…,rm) and column sums C=(c₁,…,cn). We prove an asymptotic estimate for the cardinality |Σ(R,C)| via the solution to a convex optimization problem. We show that if Σ(R,C) is sufficiently large, then a random matrix D∈Σ(R,C) sampled from the uniform probability measure in Σ(R,C) with high probability is close to a particular matrix Z=Z(R,C) that maximizes the sum of entropies of entries among all matrices with row sums R, column sums C and entries between 0 and 1. Similar results are obtained for 0-1 matrices with prescribed row and column sums and assigned zeros in some positions.     

Two integral operators in Clifford analysis

Segal-Bargmann space F₂(Cn) and monogenic Fock space M₂(Rn+1) are introduced first. Then, with the help of exponential functions in Clifford analysis, two integral operators are defined to connect F₂(Cn) and M₂(Rn+1) together. The corresponding integral properties are studied in detail.     

On the length equalities for one-dimensional rings

In this article we characterize noetherian local one-dimensional analytically irreducible and residually rational domains (R,m_R) which are non-Gorenstein, the non-negative integer is equal to τ_R-1 and ?(R/(C+xR))=2, where τ_R is the Cohen-Macaulay type of R, C is the conductor of R in the integral closure of R in its quotient field Q(R) and xR is a minimal reduction of m by giving some conditions on the numerical semi-group v(R) of R.     

Local cohomology modules and Gorenstein injectivity with respect to a semidualizing module

Let ${(R,\mathfrak{m})}$ be a local ring, and let C be a semidualizing R-module. In this paper, we are concerned with the C-injective and G _C -injective dimensions of certain local cohomology modules of R. Firstly, the injective dimension of C and the above quantities are compared. Secondly, as an application of the above comparisons, a characterization of a dualizing module of R is given. Finally, it is shown that if R is Cohen-Macaulay of dimension d such that ${\rm H}_{\mathfrak{m}}^{d}(C)$ is C-injective, then R is Gorenstein. This is an answer to a question which was recently raised.     

The Ramsey numbers of large cycles versus wheels

In this paper we show that the Ramsey number R(C_n,W_m)=2n-1 for even m and n?5m/2-1.     

Generalized intersection patterns and two-symbol balanced arrays

Let m be a fixed integer, m = {0,1,?,m ? 1}; let C be a family of nonvoid subsets of m, and let R be a hereditary subfamily of C. Given finite sets A_m,…,A_m?1 such that ∩ _i?BA_i = Ø for all B ? m, B ? C, the vector of |∩_i?RA_i| (R_j?R) is called a C-supported R-intersection pattern. The characterization of the Y_RC of such patterns is a difficult combinatorial problem even for m=5 and simple families R and C. We study the algebraic structure of the convex cone Y_RC and its dual, and an integer linear-programming aspect of the problem; in particular we introduce the notion of content and pseudocontent. A relaxation leads to quadratic and higher forms over certain subsets of reals. As an application we study the natural link between highly symmetric patterns and two-symbol balanced arrays.     

Generalised Ramsey numbers for small graphs

The generalised Ramsey number R(G₁, G₂,..., G_k) is defined as the smallest integer n such that, if the edges of K_n, the complete graph on n vertices, are coloured using k colours C₁, C₂,..., C_k, then for some i(1≤i≤k) there is a subgraph G_i of K_n with all of its edges colour C_i. When G₁=G₂=...,G_k=G, we use the more compact notation R_k(G).The generalised Ramsey numbers R_k(G) are investigated for all graphs G having at most four vertices (and no isolates). This extends the work of Chvátal and Harary, who made this investigation in the case k=2.     

The Weyl functional near the Yamabe invariant

For a compact manifold M ofdim M=n≥4, we study two conformal invariants of a conformal class C on M. These are the Yamabe constant Y_C(M) and the L^n/2-norm W_C(M) of the Weyl curvature. We prove that for any manifold M there exists a conformal class C such that the Yamabe constant Y_C(M) is arbitrarily close to the Yamabe invariant Y(M), and, at the same time, the constant W_C(M) is arbitrarily large. We study the image of the mapYW:C→(Y_C(M), W_C(M))∈R ² near the line {(Y(M), w)|w∈R}. We also apply our results to certain classes of 4-manifolds, in particular, minimal compact Kähler surfaces of Kodaira dimension 0, 1 or 2.     

Random matrices and subexponential operator spaces

We introduce and study a generalization of the notion of exact operator space that we call subexponential. Using Random Matrices we show that the factorization results of Grothendieck type that are known in the exact case all extend to the subexponential case, but we exhibit (a continuum of distinct) examples of non-exact subexponential operator spaces, as well as a C*-algebra that is subexponential with constant 1 but not exact. We also show that OH, R + C and max(?₂) (or any other maximal operator space) are not subexponential.