Scattering of SHPlease define abbreviation SH waves by arc-shaped interface cracks between a cylindrical magneto-electro-elastic inclusion and matrix: near fields

Summary In this paper, the scattering of SH waves by a magneto-electro-elastic cylindrical inclusion partially debonded from its surrounding magneto-electro-elastic material is investigated by using the wavefunction expansion method and a singular integral equation technique. The debonding regions are modeled as multiple arc-shaped interface cracks with non-contacting faces. The magneto-electric impermeable boundary conditions are adopted. By expressing the scattered fields as wavefunction expansions with unknown coefficients, the mixed boundary-value problem is firstly reduced to a set of simultaneous dual-series equations. Then, dislocation density functions are introduced as unknowns to transform these dual-series equations to Cauchy singular integral equations of the first type,which can be numerically solved easily. The solution is valid for arbitrary number and size of the arc-shaped interface cracks. Finally, numerical results of the dynamic stress intensity factors are presented for the cases of one debond. The effects of incident direction, crack configuration and various material parameters on the dynamic stress intensity factors are discussed. The solution of this problem is expected to have applications in the investigation of dynamic fracture properties of magneto-electro-elastic materials with cracks.The work was supported by the National Natural Science Fund of China (Project No. 19772029) and the Research Fund for Doctors of Hebei Province, China (Project No. B2001213).     

On periodic indentation of a rigid solid occupying a wavy surface moving on multiferroic materials

The present article is concerned with a 2D dynamic contact problem of a rigid solid occupying a wavy surface moving on anisotropic multiferroic materials. Three bulk wave velocities for anisotropic multiferroic materials are obtained. Five harmonic functions are suggested to derive the general solutions of anisotropic multiferroic governing equations based on the generalized Almansi’s theorem. The contact length and various stresses, electric displacements, and magnetic inductions can be given in the whole half-plane analytically. Figures are plotted to gain an insight of how the velocity and the elastic coefficient influence the contact performance of anisotropic multiferroic materials. Numerical results show that the contact length can be enlarged by escalating the velocity of the rigid solid.     

Frictionless contact of a functionally graded magneto-electro-elastic layered half-plane under a conducting punch

This paper investigates the two-dimensional frictionless contact problem of a functionally graded magneto-electro-elastic materials (FGMEEMs) layered half-plane under a rigid flat or a cylindrical punch. It is assumed that the punch is a perfect electro-magnetic conductor with a constant electric potential and a constant magnetic potential. The magneto-electro-elastic (MEE) properties of the FGMEEM layer vary exponentially along the thickness direction. Using the Fourier transform technique, the contact problem can be reduced to Cauchy singular integral equations, which are then solved numerically to determine the normal contact stress, electric displacement and magnetic induction on the contact surface. Numerical results show that the gradient index, punch geometry and magneto-electro-mechanical loads have a significant effect on the contact behavior of FGMEEMs.     

Stress state of two collinear stamps over the surface of orthotropic materials

An exact contact analysis of two collinear stamps over the surface of orthotropic materials is performed. Eigenvalue analyses related to the governing equations are conducted, and real fundamental solutions are obtained for each eigenvalue distribution. Using Fourier sine or cosine transforms, a singular integral equation of Cauchy type is obtained. In particular, the exact solution of the reduced singular integral equation is obtained in the case of two collinear flat or cylindrical stamps. Explicit expressions for various stresses are obtained in terms of elementary functions. Numerical results are presented, and interesting observations are found. For two collinear flat stamps, detailed calculations are provided to show influences of distance between two flat stamps on the contact stress and in-plane stress. For a cylindrical stamp, influences of distance between two cylindrical stamps, mechanical loading P, and the cylindrical stamp radius R on the surface normal stress and surface in-plane stress are detailed.     

Wave propagation analysis of a functionally graded magneto-electro-elastic nanobeam rest on Visco-Pasternak foundation

Wave propagation analysis of a nanobeam made of functionally graded magneto-electro-elastic materials with rectangular cross section rest on Visco-Pasternak foundation is studied in this paper. For modeling the axial, rotation and transverse deformations, Timoshenko beam model is used. Fundamental magneto-electro-elastic equations of the model are derived for a general functionally graded beam excited to electric and magnetic potentials. Surface elasticity is employed for more confident modeling the behavior of nanobeam. Using Hamilton principle and calculation of kinetic and strain energies, the equations of motion are derived. Considering the harmonic wave propagation of infinite domain yields characteristic equation of the system in terms of different parameters of model. The effects of different parameters such as non-homogeneous index, wave number and residual surface stress are investigated on the different phase velocities corresponding to modes of deformation. One can find that increasing the non-homogeneous index and wave number leads to decrease in wave propagation phase velocities.     

Solutions for transversely isotropic magneto-electro-elastic body,semi-infinite body and bi-material infinite body subjected to uniform ring loading,charge and current

Based on the general solutions for transversely isotropic magneto-electro-elastic materials, the fundamental solutions of axi-symmetric problems are derived by integration and explicit expressions for four possible cases of distinct characteristic roots and multiple roots are all presented. In the case of distinct roots, based on the Green’s functions for semi-infinite magneto-electro-elastic body and bi-material infinite magneto-electro-elastic body, the Green’s functions for axi-symmetric problems of semi-infinite body and bi-material infinite body are obtained.     

Three-dimensional analysis of doubly curved functionally graded magneto-electro-elastic shells

Three-dimensional (3D) solutions for the static analysis of doubly curved functionally graded (FG) magneto-electro-elastic shells are presented by an asymptotic approach. In the present formulation, the twenty-nine basic equations are firstly reduced to ten differential equations in terms of ten primary variables of elastic, electric and magnetic fields. After performing through the mathematical manipulation of nondimensionalization, asymptotic expansion and successive integration, we finally obtain recurrent sets of two-dimensional (2D) governing equations for various order problems. These 2D governing equations are merely those derived in the classical shell theory (CST) based on the extended Love–Kirchhoffs' assumptions. Hence, the CST-type governing equations are derived as a first-order approximation to the 3D magneto-electro-elasticity. The leading-order solutions and higher-order corrections can be determined by treating the CST-type governing equations in a systematic and consistent way. The 3D solutions for the static analysis of doubly curved multilayered and FG magneto-electro-elastic shells are presented to demonstrate the performance of the present asymptotic formulation. The coupling magneto-electro-elastic effect on the structural behavior of the shells is studied.     

Fracture behavior of a bonded magneto-electro-elastic rectangular plate with an interface crack

In this paper the anti-plane problem for an interface crack between two dissimilar magneto-electro-elastic plates subjected to anti-plane mechanical and in-plane magneto-electrical loads is investigated. The interface crack is assumed to be either magneto-electrically impermeable or permeable, and the position of the interface crack is arbitrary. The finite Fourier transform method is employed to reduce the mixed boundary-value problem to triple trigonometric series equations. The dislocation density functions and proper replacement of the variables are introduced to reduce these series equations to a standard Cauchy singular integral equation of the first kind. The resulting integral equation together with the corresponding single-valued condition is approximated as a system of linear algebra equations which can be easily solved. Field intensity factors and energy release rates are determined numerically and discussed in detail. Numerical results show the effects of crack configuration and loading combination parameters on the fracture behaviors of crack tips according to energy release rate criterion. The study of this problem is expected to have applications to the investigation of dynamic fracture properties of magneto-electro-elastic materials with cracks.     

Large amplitude free vibration of symmetrically laminated magneto-electro-elastic rectangular plates on Pasternak type foundation

Nonlinear free vibration of symmetrically laminated magneto-electro-elastic rectangular plate resting on an elastic foundation is studied analytically. The plate is considered to be simply supported on all edges. It is also assumed that the magneto-electro-elastic body is poled along the z direction and subjected to electric and magnetic potentials between the upper and lower surfaces. To model the motion of the plate, the first order shear deformation theory along with the Gauss's equations for electrostatics and magnetostatics are used. Then equations of motion are reduced to a single nonlinear ordinary differential equation which is solved analytically by multiple scales method. The results are compared with the published results and good agreement is found. Some numerical examples are presented to investigate the effects of several parameters on the linear and nonlinear behavior of these plates.     

Wave propagation in magneto-electro-elastic multilayered plates

An analytical treatment is presented for the propagation of harmonic waves in magneto-electro-elastic multilayered plates, where the general anisotropic and three-phase coupled constitutive equations are used. The state-vector approach is employed to derive the propagator matrix which connects the field variables at the upper interface to those at the lower interface of each layer. The global propagator matrix is obtained by propagating the solution in each layer from the bottom of the layered plate to the top using the continuity conditions of the field variables across the interfaces. From the global propagator matrix, we finally obtain the dispersion relation by imposing the traction-free boundary condition on the top and bottom surfaces of the layered plate. Dispersion curves, modal shapes, and natural frequencies are presented for layered plates made of orthotropic elastic (graphite–epoxy), transversely isotropic PZT-5A, piezoelectric BaTiO₃ and magnetostrictive CoFe₂O₄ materials. While the numerical results show clearly the influence of different stacking sequences as well as material properties on the field response, the general methodology presented in the paper could be useful to the analysis and design of layered composites made of smart piezoelectric and piezomagnetic materials.     

功能梯度压电压磁材料粘结的Ⅲ型裂纹问题

利用奇异积分方程方法研究两个半无限大的功能梯度压电压磁材料粘结,在渗透和非 渗透边界条件下的III型裂纹问题. 首先通过积分变换构造出原问题的形式解，然 后利用边界条件通过积分变换与留数定理得到一组奇异积分方程， 最后利用Gauss-Chebyshev方法进行数值 求解，讨论材料参数、材料非均匀参数以及裂纹几何形状等对裂纹尖端应力 强度因子的影响. 从结果中可以看出，压电压磁复合材料中反平面问题的应力奇异性 形式与一般弹性材料中的反平面问题应力奇异形式相同，但材料梯度参数对功能梯度压电压 磁复合材料中的应力强度因子和电位移强度因子有很大的影响.     

Analytical solutions for plane problem of functionally graded magnetoelectric cantilever beam

In this paper, an exact analytical solution is presented for a transversely isotropic functionally graded magneto-electro-elastic (FGMEE) cantilever beam, which is subjected to a uniform load on its upper surface, as well as the concentrated force and moment at the free end. This solution can be applied for any form of gradient distribution. For the basic equations of plane problem, all the partial differential equations governing the stress field, electric, and magnetic potentials are derived. Then, the expressions of Airy stress, electric, and magnetic potential functions are assumed as quadratic polynomials of the longitudinal coordinate. Based on all the boundary conditions, the exact expressions of the three functions can be determined. As numerical examples, the material parameters are set as exponential and linear distributions in the thickness direction. The effects of the material parameters on the mechanical, electric, and magnetic fields of the cantilever beam are analyzed in detail.     

多层电磁弹性圆柱壳内波的轴向传播

对多层电磁弹性圆柱壳内波的轴向传播进行了分析。根据柱坐标系下电磁弹性多层结构的几何方程、平衡方程和本构方程,推导出了两个层间变量所满足的状态方程。通过状态方程的解和层间变量连续性条件,得到了多层圆柱体内外表面层间变量的传递关系。最后利用边界条件,导出了波在传播时所满足的频散方程,并求得该结构的模态参数。以一个三层的压电/压磁材料组成的柱壳结构作为数值算例,计算出波在其中轴向传播时的频散关系和模态参数,并对计算结果进行了分析。     

Static analysis of anisotropic functionally graded magneto-electro-elastic beams subjected to arbitrary loading

This paper considers the analytical and semi-analytical solutions for anisotropic functionally graded magneto-electro-elastic beams subjected to an arbitrary load, which can be expanded in terms of sinusoidal series. For the generalized plane stress problem, the stress function, electric displacement function and magnetic induction function are assumed to consist of two parts, respectively. One is a product of a trigonometric function of the longitudinal coordinate (x) and an undetermined function of the thickness coordinate (z), and the other a linear polynomial of x with unknown coefficients depending on z. The governing equations satisfied by these z-dependent functions are derived. The analytical expressions of stresses, electric displacements, magnetic induction, axial force, bending moment, shear force, average electric displacement, average magnetic induction, displacements, electric potential and magnetic potential are then deduced, with integral constants determinable from the boundary conditions. The analytical solution is derived for beam with material coefficients varying exponentially along the thickness, while the semi-analytical solution is sought by making use of the sub-layer approximation for beam with an arbitrary variation of material parameters along the thickness. The present analysis is applicable to beams with various boundary conditions at the two ends. Two numerical examples are presented for validation of the theory and illustration of the effects of certain parameters.     

不均匀磁电弹板中的厚度扭曲波的传播

压电-压磁复合材料或结构的许多应用是与弹性波的传播密切相关的,这要求人们首先从理论的角度弄清楚弹性波的传播规律。本文研究由多个不均匀磁电弹介质组成的薄板厚度扭曲波的传播性质,从磁电弹全耦合场三维方程出发得到了其精确解,根据所得到的解分析了波的传播特征,这些结果对于理解和设计谐振器、滤波器以及声波元件提供了有价值的理论基础。     

A receding contact problem for an anisotropic elastic medium consisting of a layer and a half plane

This paper considers a frictionless receding contact problem between an anisotropic elastic layer and an anisotropic elastic half plane, when the two bodies are pressed together by means of a rigid circular stamp. The problem is reduced to a system of singular integral equations in which the contact stresses and lengths are the unknown functions. Numerical results for the contact stresses and the contact lengths are given by depending on various fibre orientations.     

功能梯度磁电弹耦合结构中的间隙波

研究了由均匀磁电弹半空间和功能梯度磁电弹层组成的耦合结构中间隙波的传播特性.假定功能梯度层的材料性能沿厚度方向呈指数变化,且其表面机械自由,但承受两种电磁边界条件.首先推导了频散方程,然后结合数值算例分析了功能梯度层材料性能的梯度变化、厚度及电磁边界条件对相速度的影响,结果对功能梯度磁电弹材料在声波器件中的应用具有参考价值.      

Crack growth of an interface crack between two dissimilar magneto-electro-elastic materials under anti-plane mechanical and in-plane electric magnetic impact

This paper examines the dynamic response of an interface crack between two dissimilar magneto-electro-elastic materials subjected to the mechanical and electric magnetic impacts. The magneto-electric impermeable boundary conditions are adopted. Laplace and Fourier transforms and dislocation density functions are employed to reduce the mixed boundary value problem to Cauchy singular integral equations in Laplace transform domain, which are solved numerically. Lots of numerical results are given graphically in time domain. The effects of electric impact loading and magnetic impact loading on dynamic energy density factors are discussed. Crack growth and propagation is predicted. The study of this problem is expected to have applications to the investigation of dynamic fracture properties of magneto-electro-elastic materials with cracks.     

Surface contact behavior of functionally graded thermoelectric materials indented by a conducting punch

The contact problem for thermoelectric materials with functionally graded properties is considered. The material properties, such as the electric conductivity, the thermal conductivity, the shear modulus, and the thermal expansion coefficient, vary in an exponential function. Using the Fourier transform technique, the electro-thermoelastic problems are transformed into three sets of singular integral equations which are solved numerically in terms of the unknown normal electric current density, the normal energy flux, and the contact pressure. Meanwhile, the complex homogeneous solutions of the displacement fields caused by the gradient parameters are simplified with the help of Euler's formula. After addressing the non-linearity excited by thermoelectric effects,the particular solutions of the displacement fields can be assessed. The effects of various combinations of material gradient parameters and thermoelectric loads on the contact behaviors of thermoelectric materials are presented. The results give a deep insight into the contact damage mechanism of functionally graded thermoelectric materials(FGTEMs).     

Dynamics of a system comprising an orthotropic layer and orthotropic half-plane under the action of an oscillating moving load

This paper investigates the dynamic response to a time-harmonic oscillating moving load of a system comprising a covering layer and half-plane, within the scope of the piecewise-homogeneous body model utilizing of the exact equations of the linear theory of elastodynamics. It is assumed that the materials of the layer and half-plane are anisotropic (orthotropic), and that the velocity of the line-located time-harmonic oscillating moving load is constant as it acts on the free face of the covering layer. Our investigations were carried out for a two-dimensional problem (plane-strain state) under subsonic velocity for a moving load in complete and incomplete contact conditions. The corresponding numerical results were obtained for the stiffer layer and soft half-plane system in which the modulus of elasticity of the covering layer material (for the moving direction of the load) is greater than that of the half-plane material. Numerical results are presented and discussed for the critical velocity, displacement and stress distribution for various values of the problem parameters. In particular, it is established that the critical velocity of the moving load is controlled mainly with a Rayleigh wave speed of a half-plane material and the existence of the oscillation of the moving load causes two types of critical velocity to appear: one of which is less, but the other one is greater than that attained for the case where the mentioned oscillation is absent.