一种新型混合双包层光子晶体光纤的色散特性研究

以多极法理论为基础,设计了一种混合双包层结构的光子晶体光纤.通过改变其五层空气孔的四个结构参数（内层空气孔直径、外层空气孔直径、六边形孔间距和八边形孔间距）,理论上实现了色散绝对值在144—20 μm的波段内变化仅为125 ps·km^-1·nm^-1的平坦色散特性.在此情况下对其损耗进行了数值模拟,使所设计的光纤在144—20 μm的宽波段范围内具有小于0005 dB/km的低限制损耗特性. 关键词： 光子晶体光纤 多极法 平坦色散 限制损耗     

色散补偿光子晶体光纤结构参数对其色散的影响

光子晶体光纤由于其灵活可调的色散特性用作色散补偿具有极大的应用潜力. 设计了一种色散补偿光子晶体光纤, 并运用频域有限差分法模拟了其色散特性,从理论上分析了其结构参数孔间距Λ和空气占空比d/Λ对该光子晶体光纤的色散系数的影响, 并且实际制备出了3种不同结构参数的光子晶体光纤. 通过对其色散曲线对比分析表明: 当光子晶体光纤孔间距在1 μm附近时, 其色散系数随着孔间距Λ和占空比d/Λ的增大而增加, 但对于孔间距Λ的变化比占空比d/Λ更为敏感, 并且随着孔间距Λ的增加,其对色散系数的影响能力逐渐减小. 设计并制备的光子晶体光纤在1550 nm处的色散系数为-241.5 ps·nm^-1·km^-1, 相对色散斜率为0.0018, 具有较好的色散补偿能力. 关键词： 色散 色散补偿 光子晶体光纤 结构参数     

六角点阵蜂窝状包层光子晶体光纤中的高双折射负色散效应

设计了一种六角点阵蜂窝状包层光子晶体光纤,该光纤中心缺失一根空气柱形成纤芯,包层由椭圆空气孔和小圆空气孔组成.基于全矢量有限元法并结合各向异性完美匹配层边界条件,对其双折射、色散、非线性系数、约束损耗和模场等特性进行了数值模拟;计算了具有相同参数的椭圆状包层光子晶体光纤的双折射、色散及非线性系数.结果发现,若调整光纤结构参数为孔间隔Λ=1.15μm,空气孔椭圆率η=0.5,相对孔间隔比f=0.48,小圆孔直径d₁=0.4μm时,在波长1.55μm处,该光纤的双折射B高达1.02×10^-2,比传统光纤高约两个数量级,同时,该光纤在低损耗通信窗口C波段呈现负色散和负色散斜率,其色散斜率在整个C波段附近在-0.132—-0.121ps·km^-1·nm^-2范围内波动,非线性系数为45.7 km^-1·W^-1,约束损耗接近10² dB·km^-1.蜂窝状包层比椭圆状包层光子晶体光纤的双折射及大负色散特性明显提高,非线性系数低,更有利于进行色散补偿.     

三种典型结构光子晶体光纤基本特性的比较和分析

应用多极法比较和分析了相同结构参数下的正六边形、正八边形和正十边形光子晶体光纤的色散系数、色散斜率、非线性系数和限制损耗.正六边形光子晶体光纤更适合用于色散补偿和高非线性的研究,在波长0.8 μm处的非线性系数达到了0.37 m^-1·W^-1;正十边形光子晶体光纤更适合用于色散平坦和低限制损耗的研究,在波长0.8 μm处的限制损耗相对正六边形光子晶体光纤减小了约3000个数量级,在1.4—1.65 μm波长范围内,正十边形光纤的色散系数介于-0.07—0.17 p     

八边形结构的双折射光子晶体光纤

提出一种新型的双折射光子晶体光纤,在正八边形的基础上改变纤芯附近的几个空气孔的直径产生双折射.利用多极法对该光纤基模的模场分布、色散、限制损耗及双折射特性进行数值分析,并且分析了一些参数对双折射的影响.计算了具有相同参数的六边形结构光子晶体光纤的色散系数、限制损耗及双折射率.研究表明,具有相同参数的八边形结构光子晶体光纤比六边形结构光子晶体光纤的双折射率明显提高,限制损耗大幅度减小,零色散波长也向短波方向移动. 关键词： 光子晶体光纤 双折射 色散 限制损耗     

双零色散光子晶体光纤结构参数的变化对其性能的影响

应用多极法,研究了正六边形结构光子晶体光纤的结构参数改变时,波长范围在0.8—1.8μm之间的双零色散光子晶体光纤的色散特性和非线系数随波长的变化规律.对具有相同结构参数的正六边形结构和正八边形结构进行比较,得到正六边形结构的双零色散光子晶体光纤的色散更加平坦,非线性系数有明显增大的结果.因此,正六边形结构更容易获得色散平坦的高非线性双零色散光子晶体光纤.最终设计了在800nm附近具有平坦色散和高非线性的正六边形双零色散光子晶体光纤.     

全固双层芯色散补偿光子晶体光纤的研究与设计

为了补偿光纤色散对高速信号传输的限制,提出一种全固双层芯色散补偿光子晶体光纤.首先对该光纤模式耦合特性进行理论分析,然后利用多极法进行模拟计算,得到该光纤包层结构参数与色散值以及相位匹配波长之间的关系,并对其规律进行研究.通过优化光纤结构参数,得到在1 550nm处,色散值达到-32 620ps/(nm·km)、损耗为0.29dB/km、与标准单模光纤的熔接损耗为4.77dB的色散补偿光纤.该光纤可补偿1 910多倍长度的SMF-28单模光纤的色散,补偿能力远大于常规色散补偿光纤.与空气孔-石英结构色散补偿光子晶体光纤相比,全固色散补偿光子晶体光纤具有易制备、易与传统通信光纤熔接等优点.     

低损耗宽带近零色散高非线性光子晶体光纤设计

提出了一种兼具低损耗、宽带近零色散和高非线性的光子晶体光纤结构,该结构光纤包层空气孔直径从纤芯向外层方向渐进增加;应用多极法,通过改变包层空气孔间距Λ、各层空气孔直径和空气孔层数N_r,对光子晶体光纤色散、损耗和非线性特性进行分析,获得了各特性随包层结构参数变化的规律,并最终设计出最佳结构参数。计算结果表明,该结构光纤存在3个零色散点,在1.25～1.55 μm较宽的波长范围内,色散值波动小于0.27 ps·nm?1·km?1,色散斜率小于0.008 ps·km?1·nm?2,1.55 μm波长处损耗为0.021 dB/km,在常用的飞秒激光泵浦波长0.8,1.06,1.55 μm处非线性系数分别达到78.6,60.4,38.2 W?1·km?1。     

光子晶体光纤色散补偿特性的数值研究

利用矢量有效折射率方法对光子晶体光纤（PCF）的色散补偿特性进行了数值模拟，研究发现通过调节光子晶体光纤包层的空气穴节距或空气穴大小可以灵活地设计光子晶体光纤的色散系数D、色散斜率Dslope以及κ值，可以设计在波长1.55μm附近具有较大绝对值的正常色散和负色散斜率的色散补偿光子晶体光纤，使光通信中的普通单模光纤（G.652）或非零色散位移光纤(G.655)在1.55μm低损耗窗口得到较好的色散补偿.数值模拟和分析表明色散补偿光子晶体光纤的研制具有很大的发展潜力. 关键词： 光子晶体光纤 色散 色散斜率 色散补偿     

通过调节纤芯大小实现接近零色散的色散平坦光子晶体光纤

利用已有文献对光子晶体光纤色散特性的计算结果,分析了色散随光子晶体光纤结构参数变化的趋势,并利用有效折射率方法基于标量近似理论对光子晶体光纤色散特性进行了有目的性的数值模拟,发现通过独立调整纤芯大小,可以在光通信波段实现非常接近零色散的色散平坦光子晶体光纤,其色散系数D的绝对值在1.3 μm～2.0 μm波长范围小于1.5 ps·km-1·nm-1 .     

光子晶体光纤的导波模式与色散特性

利用有效折射率方法基于标量近似理论对光子晶体光纤的传播模式和色散特性进行了数值模 拟，发现通过调节光纤包层的空气填充率或包层空气穴节距及其有效芯径可以在很宽的波长 范围实现单模传播，可以设计零色散波长小于1.27μm的光子晶体光纤和在较宽的波段接近 于零色散的色散平坦光纤，以及具有较大的正常色散值的色散补偿光纤. 关键词： 光子晶体光纤 有效折射率 标量近似 导波模式     

Design procedure for photonic crystal fibers with ultra-flattened chromatic dispersion

A simple design procedure is used to generate photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) with ultra-flattened chromatic dispersion. Only four parameters are required, which not only considerably saves the computing time, but also distinctly reduces the air-hole quantity. The influence of the air-hole diameters of each ring of hexagonal PCFs (H-PCF, including 1-hole-missing and 7-hole-missing H-PCFs), circular PCFs (C-PCF), square PCFs (S-PCF), and octagonal PCFs (O-PCF) is investigated through simulations. Results show that regardless of the cross section structures of the PCFs, the 1st ring air-hole diameter has the greatest influence on the dispersion curve followed by that of the 2nd ring. The 3rd ring diameter only affects the dispersion curve within longer wavelengths, whereas the 4th and 5th rings have almost no influence on the dispersion curve. The hole-to-hole pitch between rings changes the dispersion curve as a whole. Based on the simulation results, a procedure is proposed to design PCFs with ultra-flattened dispersion. Through the adjustment of air-hole diameters of the inner three rings and hole-to-hole pitch, a flattened dispersion of 0±0.5 ps/(nm·km) within a wavelength range of 1.239 – 2.083 μm for 5-ring 1-hole-missing H-PCF, 1.248 – 1.992 μm for 5-ring C-PCF, 1.237 – 2.21 μm for 5-ring S-PCF, 1.149 – 1.926 μm for 5-ring O-PCF, and 1.294 – 1.663 μm for 7-hole-missing H-PCF is achieved.     

混合纤芯光子晶体光纤超平坦色散的研究

利用平面波展开法,系统地研究了一种具有混合纤芯结构的光子晶体光纤的色散特性. 数值计算结果表明,通过优化结构参量,这种新型结构的光子晶体光纤在通信窗口1.55 μm 附近可以获得带宽超过800 nm的超平坦色散区域（色散曲线的变化范围不超过 ±0.6 ps·km－1·nm－1）.     

Validity condition of separating dispersion of PCFs into material dispersion and geometrical dispersion

When using normalized dispersion method for the dispersion design of photonic crystal fibers （PCFs）, it is vital that the group velocity dispersion of PCF can be seen as the sum of geometrical dispersion and material dispersion. However, the error induced by this way of calculation will deteriorate the final results. Taking 5 ps/（km.nm） and 5% as absolute error and relative error limits, respectively, the structure parameter boundaries of PCFs about when separating total dispersion into geometrical and material components is valid are provided for wavelength shorter than 1700 nm. By using these two criteria together, it is adequate to evaluate the simulated dispersion of PCFs when normalized dispersion method is employed.     

Applications of the finite difference mode solution method to photonic crystal structures

The finite difference waveguide mode solution method, which has been popularly employed in the study of waveguide modes on various optical and dielectric waveguides, is utilized to calculate the modal characteristics of photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) and planar photonic crystal waveguides and the band diagrams of two-dimensional photonic crystals. Vector guided modes on both PCFs based on the total internal reflection guiding mechanism ('holey fibers') and those resulting from photonic band gap effect are accurately computed, with their effective indexes and field distributions compared with other methods. Calculated dispersion of a single-core holey fiber and coupled-power behavior of a two-core holey fiber are found to agree with measured results. For applications to band diagram calculation and planar photonic crystal waveguide analysis, the finite difference scheme is modified simply by imposing suitable periodic boundary condition. Numerical results for air-column crystals and dielectric-rod crystals are both found to agree well with calculations using other methods.     

Prediction of photonic crystal fiber characteristics by Neuro–Fuzzy system

The most common methods applied in the analysis of photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) are finite difference time/frequency domain (FDTD/FDFD) method and finite element method (FEM). These methods are very general and reliable (well tested). They describe arbitrary structure but are numerically intensive and require detailed treatment of boundaries and complex definition of calculation mesh. So these conventional models that simulate the photonic response of PCFs are computationally expensive and time consuming. Therefore, a practical design process with trial and error cannot be done in a reasonable amount of time. In this article, an artificial intelligence method such as Neuro–Fuzzy system is used to establish a model that can predict the properties of PCFs. Simulation results show that this model is remarkably effective in predicting the properties of PCF such as dispersion, dispersion slope and loss over the C communication band.