采用甲基丙烯酸酯类整体柱的毛细管电色谱法快速测定白芷中主要香豆素成分及挥发油成分

白芷为伞形科植物蛇床的干燥果实,现代药理学研究表明,其具有保肝,抗炎,抗诱变活性等作用~([1～3]).白芷的活性成分是香豆素类化合物和挥发油,香豆素类成分主要为欧前胡素(Imperatorin),异欧前胡素(Isoimperatorin)和欧香芹素(Phelloptorin),挥发油成分主要为发卡二醇(Falcarindiol).通过对白芷中3种主要香豆素化合物以及发卡二醇的含量测定研究可以有效地对其质量进行控制.     

~1H-NMR法鉴定白芷中天然呋喃香豆素衍生物的研究

本文对从川白芷[Angelica dahurca(Fisch ex Hoffm)Benth et oohk cv hangbaizhl Hort]根中获得的12种呋喃香豆素衍生物进行了~1H-NMR法的鉴定比较研究,得到一些规律和谱线归属,为判断呋喃香豆素衍生物的结构、取代基的位置提供了数据。     

川明参茎叶中的化学成分

川明参 ( Chuanminshen violaceum Sheh et Shan)属于伞形科川明参属 ,在形态上与明党参相近 ,是我国特有的单种属植物 ,主要分布在四川 ,多为栽培 [1] .其根作为滋补药材 ,具有润肺化痰、和胃生津和解毒等功效 .饶高雄 [2 ] 及周燕等 [3] 曾对不同产地的川明参根部化学成分进行了研究 ,分离鉴定出的主要成分为芦丁和多种香豆素 .为了进一步探索川明参的活性成分以及对川明参资源的综合开发利用 ,我们对一般弃置不用的川明参茎叶的化学成分进行了研究 ,从其水煮提取物中分离得到 8个化合物 ,通过波谱分析鉴定了其中 7个化合物 ,它们是 4-…     

高效液相色谱法测定白芷中9种香豆素类化学成分的含量及其多元统计分析北大核心CSCD

采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)同时测定了30批白芷中欧前胡素、异欧前胡素、补骨脂素、水合氧化前胡素、佛手苷内酯、白当归脑、花椒毒酚、氧化前胡素、白当归素等9种香豆素类化学成分的含量,运用聚类分析(CA)、主成分分析(PCA)、正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析(OPLS-DA),筛选出白芷的指标性成分.结果表明,9种香豆素类化学成分的质量浓度在一定范围内与对应的峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为0.1~0.7 mg·L^(-1).按标准加入法进行回收试验,回收率为99.1%~106%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)均小于3.0%.所测9种香豆素类化学成分的含量经统计分析可知,不同产地的白芷存在质量差异,且硫磺熏蒸对样品质量有较大影响;CA、PCA、OPLS-DA所得结果一致,将样品均分为3类,并且筛选出了差异贡献较大的指标性成分氧化前胡素和欧前胡素.     

溶剂浮选-紫外分光光度法测定茵陈中总香豆素含量

茵陈为菊科植物滨蒿或茵陈蒿的干燥地上部分,具有清热利湿、利胆退黄之功效,临床上广泛用于治疗黄疸、肝炎等疾病.茵陈中的化学成分有香豆素、香豆酸及其它有机酸、色原酮、黄酮类及挥发油类等[1],其主要活性成分为香豆素类,因此茵陈中香豆素含量的测定受到了人们的关注.     

红外指纹图谱与双指标模型结合用于白芷品质分析

利用共有峰率和变异峰率两个指标,鉴别了不同品质的白芷的红外指纹图谱,白芷样品按厂家各自聚为一类。并应用化学计量学中模式识别方法,即主成分分析和系统聚类分析法,对白芷样品共有特征高效液相色谱峰数据进行处理。主成分分析和系统聚类分析结果与双指标模型一致,川白芷与祁白芷共有峰率最高,达到83. 3%。运用红外指纹图谱与双指标模型结合的方法,可以对白芷进行简单快速准确鉴别,为白芷品质的评价提供了另一种思路。     

禹白芷中香豆素成分的HPLC-MS/MS分析

禹白芷为河南禹州及周边县市所产白芷(Angelica dahurica(Fisch.ex Hoffm.)Benth.et Hook.f.)的习称,为白芷的主流栽培品种之一,作为我国传统的中药,具有散风除湿、通窍止痛和消肿排脓的功效,主治感冒头疼、鼻塞、白带、疮疡肿痛等疾病[1].     

超高效液相色谱法测定不同产地白芷中6种香豆素类成分

白芷样品粉末(约2.5g)用25mL甲醇浸泡过夜后超声提取30min,加入适量甲醇补足所失质量,提取液经0.22μm有机膜过滤,采用超高效液相色谱法测定滤液中6种香豆素类成分的含量。以Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH-C_(18)色谱柱为分离柱,用乙腈和水以不同比例混合的溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,用紫外检测器测定。6种香豆素类成分的质量浓度在一定范围内与其对应的峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为0.034～0.091mg·L~(-1)。方法用于白芷样品的分析,加标回收率为93.2%～107%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为0.64%～1.7%。对9个不同产地的白芷样品中6种香豆素类成分的含量进行聚类分析和主成分分析,结果表明:聚类分析和主成分分析的结果一致,样品被分为3类。     

表面活性剂增敏2.5次微分极谱测定香豆素

拟定了表面活性剂增敏、2 .5次微分极谱测定香豆素的方法。在含 6.0× 10 -6 mol·L-13 氯 2 羟丙基 三甲基氯化铵的 0 .1mol·L-1KH2 PO4 Na2 HPO4 (pH 6.8)缓冲液中 ,香豆素还原波 [峰电位Ep=- 1.60V(vs .SCE) ]的 2 .5次微分极谱峰峰电流e″p 与其浓度在 4 .0× 10 -7～ 6.0× 10 -5mol·L-1范围内呈良好线性关系 (r =0 .9998,n =10 ) ,检出限为 1.2× 10 -7mol·L-1。 13次平行测量 8.0× 10 -6 mol·L-1香豆素的峰电流 ,RSD为 1.5 %。该方法可用于中药白芷中香豆素的直接测定     

不同产地白芷药材高效液相色谱指纹图谱研究

本文采用高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器(HPLC-DAD)法建立中药白芷的指纹图谱.应用化学计量学中两种不同的模式识别方法(主成分分析法和系统聚类分析法)对实验数据进行处理,以找出来自三个不同产地30个中药白芷样品间的相似性及差异性.两种模式识别方法均能成功地按样品的来源将不同产地的样品正确分类.建立了不同产地中药白芷的识别方法,该方法能有效地控制中药白芷的质量,并能为其它中药产品的化学模式识别提供参考.     

MORPHOLOGY EVOLUTION IN PTFE AS A FUNCTION OF MELT TIME AND TEMPERATURE Ⅱ. LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT FOLDED CHAIN SINGLE CRYSTALS AND BAND STRUCTURES

The effect of sintering dispersed and bulk, low molecular weight (Mn = 50,000 Da), nano-emulsion polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) particles near their melting point is described. With the nascent particles consisting of ca.75 nm diameter, hexagonal, single crystals, sintering at, e.g., 350℃, results, initially, in merger of neighboring particles,followed by individual molecular motion on the substrate and the formation of folded chain, lamellar single crystals and spherulites, and on-edge ribbons. It is suggested these structures develop, with time, in the mesomorphic "melt". Sintering of the bulk resin yields extended chain, band structures, as well as folded chain lamellae; end-surface to end-surface merger,possibly by end-to-end polymerization, occurs with increasing time.     

同位素质谱和无机质谱

本文是《分析试验室》定期评述中“同位素质谱和无机质谱”的第三次评述，评述的范围是１９９２年１１月至１９９４年１０月我国同位素质谱和无机质谱的进展。内容包括同位素质谱，同位素稀释质谱，二次离子质谱，离子探针，电感耦合等离子体质谱，激光电离质谱，加速器质谱、火花源质谱和它们在同位素地质年代学、同位素地球化学、核科学、农业、医学、环境学、计量学等学科中的应用。引用文献２５９篇．     

SYNERGISTIC INTERACTIONS ON PHENOL ADSORPTION FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS BY POLYMERIC ADSORBENTS

In this paper, the adsorption behaviors of phenol on polymeric adsorbents (Amberlite XAD4, NDA101, and D301)were investigated in batch system at 293, 303, and 313K, respectively. As the results shown, the adsorption isotherms of phenol on all adsorbents can be well fitted by Langmuir and Freundlich equations, which indicate a favorable and exothermic process. The adsorption capacity on a newly developed aminated adsorbent, NDA101, on which adsorption could be achieved by both hydrogen bonding interaction and π-π interaction, are higher than that on a weak base adsorbent, D301, on which adsorption could be achieved by hydrogen bonding interaction only, and on a nonpolar adsorbent, XAD4, on which adsorption could be achieved by π-π interaction only. The results of this paper indicate that the synergistic effect of some weak interactions, which occur simultaneously would contribute more to the adsorption than that occur individually.     

Environmentally Friendly Techniques and Their Comparison in the Extraction of Natural Antioxidants from Green Tea,Rosemary, Clove,and Oregano

Many current food and health trends demand the use of more ecological, sustainable, and environmentally friendly techniques for the extraction of bioactive compounds, including antioxidants. However, extraction yields and final antioxidant activities vary between sources and are highly influenced by the given extraction method and nature and ratio of the employed solvent, especially for total polyphenols, flavonoids, and anthocyanins, which are well recognized as natural antioxidants with food applications. This review focused on the most common extraction techniques and potential antioxidant activity in the food industry for various natural antioxidant sources, such as green tea, rosemary, clove, and oregano. Green extraction techniques have been proven to be far more efficient, environmentally friendly, and economical. In general, these techniques include the use of microwaves, ultrasound, high hydrostatic pressure, pulsed electric fields, enzymes, and deep eutectic solvents, among others. These extraction methods are described here, including their advantages, disadvantages, and applications.     

三唑类药物研究新进展

三唑类化合物作为药物广泛应用于临床,是目前药物研究开发的重点领域之一．越来越多的高活性、低毒性、不良反应少、多药耐药性小、生物利用率高、药代动力学性质好、药物靶向性强、给药方式多样化、广谱、高疗效的三唑类化合物作为候选药物或药物用于临床医治多种疾病,显示出了三唑类化合物在医药领域的巨大开发价值和潜在的宽广应用．本文结合自己的工作,参考国内外近五年文献系统地综述了三唑类化合物作为药物在整个医药领域的研究与开发近况,包括抗真菌、抗细菌、抗结核、抗癌、抗病毒、抗炎镇痛、抗惊厥等,并展望其发展趋势与前景．希望该评论有助于为高活性低毒性三唑类医药合理设计提供新思路．     

THE DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION OF RESIDUE-RESIDUE CONTACTS IN PROTEIN MOLECULES

In protein molecules each residue has a different ability to form contacts.In this paper,we calculated the number of contacts per residue and investigated the distribution of residue-residue contacts from 495 globular protein molecules using Contacts of Structural Units(CSU)software.It was found that the probability P(n)of amino acid residues having n pairs of contacts in all contacts fits Gaussian distribution very well.The distribution function of residue-residue contacts can be expressed as:P(n)=P_0+aexp[-b(n-n_c)~2].In our calculation,P_0=-0.06,α=11.4,b=-0.04 and n_c=9.0.According to distribution function,we found that those hydrophobic(H)residues including Leu,Val,Ile,Met,Phe,Tyr,Cys,and Trp residues have large values of the most probable number of contact n_c,and hydrophilic(P)residues including Ala,Gly,Thr, His,Glu,Gln,Asp,Asn,Lys,Ser,Arg,and Pro residues have the small ones.We also compare with Fauchere-Pliska hydrophobicity scale(FPH)and the most probable number of contact n_c for 20 amino acid residues,and find that there exists a linear relationship between Fauchere-Pliska hydrophobicity scale(FPH)and the most probable number of contact n_c, and it is expressed as:n_c=a+b×FPH,here α=8.87,and b=1.15.It is important to further explain protein folding and its stability from residue-residue contacts.     

生物光化学

生物光化学研究光在动植物体内所引起的生化现象。例如:经过各种不同波长的光辐照后的生命现象,生长规律,某些生理和病理过程,疾病的产生和治疗机理,细胞的辐射损伤和自然防御,以及光合色素在生物进化中的作用等。本文就光引起的现象:视觉、生物钟(光周期性)、植物的光合作用、辐射损伤及其修复、牛皮癣的治疗、新生儿黄疸病的治疗机理,以及光合色素——藻胆蛋白等七种现象,做了综述性的介绍。     

甘油催化氢解制备精细化学品的研究进展

随着生物柴油产业的快速发展,作为副产物的甘油大量过剩,因而有效利用甘油既能促进生物柴油产业的良性发展,又能节约大量石油资源。通过甘油催化氢解的方式来制备高附加值化学品丙二醇、乙二醇和丙醇等是甘油转化研究中最有潜在应用价值的路径之一,甘油氢解反应易于实现连续化生产,且目标产物附加值高、选择性高,因而具有良好的经济效益。本文首先简要介绍了甘油化学,深入探讨了甘油的氢解机理,然后重点综述了甘油氢解制备1, 2-丙二醇、1, 3-丙二醇、乙二醇和丙醇高效催化剂的研究进展,并对甘油氢解未来的研究方向和发展趋势作了进一步展望。     

A confirmatory method for the simultaneous extraction,separation, identification and quantification of Tetracycline,Sulphonamide, Trimethoprim and Dapsone residues in muscle by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry according to Commission Decision 2002/657/EC

A rapid confirmatory multi-residue method for the analysis of tetracyclines, sulphonamides, trimethoprim and dapsone by UPLC-MS/MS is described. The method is able to quantify and confirm the following 19 compounds, oxytetracycline, tetracycline, chlortetracycline, doxycycline, sulfadiazine, sulfathiazole, sulfapyridine, trimethoprim, sulfamerazine, sulfamethizole, sulfamethazine, sulfamethoxypyridazine, sulfamonomethoxine, sulfachlorpyridazine, dapsone, sulfamethoxazole, sulfisoxazole, sulfaquinoxaline and sulfadimethoxine. Samples are extracted with 0.1 M EDTA and acetonitrile, which is then evaporated under a stream of nitrogen and reconstituted in water. Following centrifugation and filtering, an aliquot is analysed by UPLC-MS/MS using positive electrospray ionisation and multiple reaction monitoring. The method is deemed rapid as all analytes are extracted by a single extraction technique, with no solid-phase extraction clean up required. Validation is according to Commission Decision 2002/657/EC and was carried out for bovine, porcine, ovine and poultry species. Specificity, recovery, repeatability, reproducibility, CCα and CCβ data is presented.     

367名幼儿智力发育与血中五种元素相关性分析

为探讨血铜、锌、钙、镁、铁5种元素对儿童智力的影响及其相关性,采用首都儿科研究所编制的0—6岁儿童神经心理发育量表,对367名2—4岁儿童进行现场智力测试并对抚养人进行问卷调查;采集其指尖末梢血,运用原子吸收光谱仪检测了儿童血铜、锌、钙、镁、铁5种元素含量。结果表明,调查对象血铜、锌、钙、镁、铁5种元素低下,检出率分别为25．1％、76．6％、5．7％、1．4％、37．1％,城乡儿童全血铜、锌、钙存在明显差异（P〈0．05）;儿童智力低下检出率为2．4％,儿童智能发育与其年龄、母亲文化水平、是否接受学前教育、血锌、铁呈正相关,与血钙、铜呈负相关。提示该地区2—4岁儿童血铜、锌、铁低下检出率较高,智能发育总体较为合理,但受血铜、锌、铁等多种因素影响,提高父母文化素质,加强儿童早期教育及营养有助于促进儿童智能发育。