Phospholipids of the seeds of two species of Erysimum

Summary The phospholipid complexes of the seeds ofErysimum diffusum andE. sylvestris have been investigated. It has been found that the amount of phospholipids in the seeds ofE. diffusum is lower than in those ofE. sylvestris, but their qualitative compositions are similar. The fatty-acid compositions of the triglycerides and of the total phospholipids of the two plants investigated have been studied. It has been established that the total phospholipids of the species ofErysimum under consideration and individual fractions of them differ by the degree of saturation and the qualitative and quantitative composition of the acids that they contain and, consequently, the phospholipids present in greatest amount differ in their molecular compositions.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 623–627, September–October, 1977.     

Study of the phospholipids of various organs of Crambe amabilis according to the vegetation periods

Summary The changes in the fatty-acid and fractional compositions of the phospholipid complexes of various organs ofCrambe amabilis have been studied according to the vegetation periods.It has been established that throughout the vegetation period phospholipids are present in all organs, and at the stage of complete ripeness of the seeds they are almost wholly localized in the seeds. In the process of the development of the plant considerable qualitative and quantitative changes take place in the fractional and fatty-acid compositions of the phospholipids obtained from various organs of the plant.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 53–57, January–February, 1978.     

Minor phospholipids of cotton seeds

Summary The minor components of the total PLs of seeds of the cotton plant of variety 108-F have been studied.N-Acylphosphatidylethanolamine and N-acyllysophosphatidylethanolamine have been isolated from cotton seed for the first time and some of their physicochemical properties and their fatty-acid compositions have been studied.Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 580–583, September–October, 1976.     

Comparative investigation of the composition of the protease inhibitors of wilt-resistant and wilt-susceptible varieties of cotton

The amounts and the group, class, and fatty-acid compositions of the feebly-and the strongly-bound lipids of the total protein fraction of cotton seeds that inhibits the growth of the pathogenic fungusVerticillium dahliae Kleb. have been determined. The main differences of the indices for the seeds of healthy and infected plants of two varieties contrasted by their degrees of susceptibility to verticillium wilt have been established.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 89 14 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 474–480, July–August, 1994.     

Molecular composition of the N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine of the cotton plant of variety S-6029

An N-arylphosphatidylethanolamine has been isolated from the total phospholipids of the cotton plant of variety S-6029. The composition and the position distribution of the fatty-acid radicals has been studied with the aid of enzymatic hydrolysis with phospholipase A₁ (from the fungusRhisophus microsporus UzLT-1) and by alkaline and acid hydrolyses. From the results obtained, the possible molecular composition of the N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine has been calculated by Coleman's method. The total number of all the molecular species amounted to 720.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 780–783, November–December, 1979.     

An investigation of the structure of the phospholipids of the cotton plant of variety Tashkent-2

Summary 1. The fatty-acid compositions of the total phospholipids of the seed kernels of the cotton plant of variety Tashkent-2, after the elimination of carbohydrates, and of their main components have been studied.2. It has been found that at 37–38°C the time of enzymatic hydrolysis is considerably shortened.3. A study of the products of acid and enzymatic hydrolysis has shown the structure of the individual phospholipids.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 145–148, March–April, 1976.     

Alkaloids of four species of Argemone

The alkaloid compositions of four species of plants of the genusArgemone (A. mexicana L.,A. alba L.,A. platyceras Link et Otto., andA. hybrida) collected in the flowering phase in the Tashkent Botanical Garden have been studied. They have yielded 16 alkaloids. Corydine and isocorydine have been detected in plants of this genus for the first time, and O-methyl-platycerine has been found in nature for the first time.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 204–206, March–April, 1986.     

Influence of infection by Verticillium dahliae on the cuticular lipids of the leaves of cotton plants of variety 175

The composition of the cuticular lipids of young leaves of cotton plants of the wilt-resistant variety 175-F has been determined and it has been established that on artificial infection of the plant with cotton wilt(Verticilliuim dahliae) the component composition of these lipids did not change but the level of the 18:0, 18:1, and 18:2 acids in esters of fatty acids with alkanol, sterols, and triterpenols fell.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek. Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 765–768, November–December, 1991.     

Composition of the neutral lipids of Chlorella vulgaris

Summary The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the neutral lipids and the fatty-acid composition of the individual classes of neutral lipids isolated from fresh, freeze-dried, and air-dry cells of the algaChlorella vulgaris have been investigated.The presence of natural fatty acid methyl esters in the lipid extract of the fresh and air-dry chlorella cells has been established.It has been shown that the fatty acid methyl ester fraction is enriched with palmitic acid as compared with the triglyceride and free fatty acid fractions.The main unsaturated acids of the chlorella lipids contain the first double bond in the ⁹ position.Division of Microbiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 49–53, January–February, 1978.     

Metabolites of the pathogenic fungus Verticillium dahliae VI. Pentaketide metabolites and neutral lipids of virulent and avirulent strains

Summary A comparative study of the amounts of the phytotoxic pigment PKZh-1 and of extracellular and intracellular lipids in five strains and mutants ofVerticillium dahliae differing in virulence and in the nonpathogenic fungusV. lateritium has been made. A definite correlation has been found between virulence and PKZh-1 content.It has been established that the extracellular lipids are produced in considerable amounts by the virulent strains while in the avirulent mutants and inV. lateritium they are absent or present in only very small amount. The contents of neutral lipids in the mycelia of strains and mutants differing in virulence do not differ significantly. There are definite differences in the compositions of the neutral lipids and in the fatty-acid compositions of the individual classes of lipids.From the culture liquid of one of the avirulent strains (R-196), 3,6,8-trihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-one has been isolated.V. I. Lenin State University. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 632–635, September–October, 1977.     

Seed oils of five species of the family Rosaceae

Summary Some physicochemical characteristics of the seed oils of five species of plants of the family Rosaceae have been studied, confirming the information on the fatty-acid compositions of these oils that we obtained by the GLC, TLC, and PC methods. It has been shown that a high content of linolenic acid is characteristic for each of the five seed oils of herbaceous plants of this family.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 491–493, July–August, 1977.     

Post-infectional changes in the phospholipids of the leaves of a cotton plant variety resistant toVerticillium dahliae

The class and fatty acid compositions of the phospholipids (PLs) of young leaves of healthy, cotton plants of the wilt-resistant variety 175-F and of plants of the same variety infected with the pathogenic fungusVerticillium dahliae Kleb. have been determined. The positional distributions of the fatty acids in the main classes of PLs have been established, and their possible molecular compositions have been calculated. The changes in the composition of the PLs taking place under the influence of infection have been elucidated.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 210–216, March–April, 1997.     

Post-infection changes in lipids of the roots of a cotton plant variety moderately resistant to Verticillium dahliae

A comparative study has been made of the lipid composition of healthy roots of the cotton plant of the Tashkent-1 variety (I) and of the corresponding plants infected withVerticillium dahliae Kleb. (II) grown under field conditions. The action of the factors of infection stress and seasonal and climatic conditions change the lipid metabolism. In lipids (I) and (II) seven classes of neutral lipids (NLs), three classes of glycolipids, and six classes of phospholipids (PLs) were identified and their fatty acid compositions were determined. It was established that in (II) there was a smaller amount of total lipids, NLs, and PLs, and an increased level of polyphenolic pigments, but the level of gossypol pigments with free aldehyde groups was unchanged. In the NLs of (II), as compared with (I), there were more triacylglycerols, sterols, triterpenols, and squalene. Complex changes were observed in the fatty acid composition of the acyl-containing lipids.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 59–63, January–February, 1989.     

Comparative study of the total tRNAs of the seeds of the cotton plant and the seeds ofGinkgo biloba

Summary 1. Three methionine tRNAs have been found both in the total tRNAs of cotton seeds and in those ofGinkgo biloba. In both cases only the first was acylated by methionine with the aid ofE. coli ARSases.2. Four phenylalanine tRNAs have been found in the total tRNAs of cotton seeds, and two in the tRNAs of ginkgo seeds.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 54–56, January–February, 1979.     

Composition of the phospholipids of seeds ofDipthychocarpus strictus

Summary The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the total phospholipids of the seeds ofDipthychocarpus have been determined. The fatty-acid compositions and position specificities of the distribution of the fatty acids in the main phospholipids ofDipthychocarpus seeds have been determined and, on this basis, their possible molecular composition has been calculated.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 435–439, July–August, 1976.     

Effect of infection byVerticillium dahliae on the lipid complex of cotton seeds from varieties with contrasting resistance

The yields and fatty acid compositions of the free lipids and lipids weakly and strongly bound to proteins from seeds of cottonplant varieties resistant and susceptible to verticillium wilt have been determined and the changes in these indices in the seeds of the infected plants have been measured. It has been established that the seeds of healthy plants of the two varieties are similar in the qualitative compositions of the lipids and fatty acids but differ with respect the amounts of lipids in them bound with protein in different ways and with respect to the amounts of the individual fatty acids. The observed changes in the lipid and fatty-acid compositions depend on the degree of resistance of the variety to wilt.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 89 14 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 605–608, September–October, 1994.     

The lignin of the sea island cotton plant of variety S-6030 affected by fusarial wilt. I

A comparative study of the dioxane lignins isolated from healthy and wilt-affected cotton plant stems has shown thatFusarium fungi demethylate lignin and make it more oxidized than the lignin from healthy stems.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 825–827, November–December, 1985.     

Influence of some defoliants on the gossypol pigments of cotton seeds

The influence of a number of defoliants on the gossypol pigments of cotton seeds of variety S-4880 has been studied. It was established that the qualitative compositions of the pigments of the defoliant-treated plants and of the control plants were identical. However, their quantitative composition in seeds treated with defoliants having a severe action had changed substantially: they contained larger amounts of the bound forms of gossypol than in the variants with defoliants having a mild action.Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 208–212, March–April, 1993.     

Molecular composition of cottonseed phosphatidylcholines

Summary The diglyceride and monoacetyldiglyceride derivatives of the phosphatidylcholines of the seed kernels of the cotton plant of variety S-6029 have been separated into individual subfractions in a thin layer of silica gel impregnated with silver nitrate.The total fatty-acid compositions of the individual subfractions and the position distributions of the fatty acids in the glyceride moiety of the molecules have been determined, and on this basis the molecular compositions of the phosphatidylcholines have been established: for the DGs 46 species and for the MADGs 43 species. It has been shown that in the cotton plant two types of molecular species are synthesized (mainly to the extent of 85%): Disaturateds and monosaturated-monosaturateds, the disaturateds being characterized by a greater diversity of species but a low amount.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 324–330, May–June, 1977.     

Synthesis of hexadec-9Z-enal — One of the components of the sex pheromone of Heliothis armigera

Hexadec-9Z-enal — a component of the sex pheromone of the cotton bollwormHeliothis armigera — has been obtained by a three-stage synthesis from 9-acetoxynonanal and n-heptyltriphenylphosphonium bromide followed by reduction and oxidation.A. S. Sadykov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 276–277, March–April, 1992.