介孔二氧化钛的合成及其对甲基橙降解的光催化活性

以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为模板剂,通过水解钛酸正丁酯合成了介孔二氧化钛分子筛,探讨了合成条件的影响。采用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和N2吸附-脱附等技术对介孔二氧化钛的晶相、结构、形貌、比表面积和孔径分布进行了表征。实验结果表明:得到的介孔二氧化钛分子筛的孔径为4-4.3nm,用抽提的方法去除模板剂得到的介孔二氧化钛的比表面积比焙烧的要高。以甲基橙为模型污染物,检验了所合成介孔二氧化钛的光催化性质。     

锐钛矿、金红石和板钛矿降解罗丹明B光催化活性的比较

详细考察并比较了采用低温制备的锐钛矿、金红石和板钛矿氧化钛降解罗丹明B的光催化活性.与传统高温焙烧制备的金红石相比,低温制备的金红石粒径小,比表面积大,表面羟基数目多,因此光催化效率明显增加.更重要的是,当锐钛矿和金红石具有相似粒径和比表面积时,金红石具有较高的光降解罗丹明B活性.对于板钛矿氧化钛而言,虽然其表观光催化...     

低温燃烧法制备Ce-TiO2光催化材料与性能研究

以硫酸钛为原料,采用低温燃烧法制备Ce掺杂TiO2光催化材料,借助SEM,XRD对样品进行表征。以粉体晶粒粒径和晶型组成为指标确定Ce最佳掺杂浓度为0.3%(摩尔分数)。选取10 mg.L-1的罗丹明B溶液,粉体添加量为1 g.L-1,高压汞灯照射下光催化降解3 h,罗丹明B的降解率为49.15%。选取光照时间1 h,粉体添加量10 mg,菌液浓度103 cfu.ml-1,普通日光灯为光源,检测产品的杀菌率为34.90%,Ce-TiO2粉体的催化活性明显优于纯TiO2。     

过渡金属掺杂和碳纳米管（CNT）接枝双重改性TiO2光催化剂

提出了一种过渡金属掺杂和碳纳米管(CNT)双重改性TiO2的新方法:首先采用溶胶-凝胶法合成掺杂镍和铁的二氧化钛基催化剂,然后采用流化床化学气相沉积方法(FBCVD)在二氧化钛基催化剂表面接枝生长CNT,得到CNT/Fe-Ni/TiO2复合光催化剂.通过X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、比表面分析、拉曼光谱、紫外-可见吸收光谱、荧光光谱等方法考察了双重改性复合光催化剂CNT/Fe-Ni/TiO2的结构和性能,通过降解亚甲基蓝溶液评价了双重改性复合光催化剂的活性.结果表明,在TiO2表面接枝的CNT具有较好的石墨化结构,CNT生长过程中小部分TiO2由锐钛矿向金红石晶型转变.过渡金属和CNT双重改性有效地克服了TiO2的比表面积小、量子效率低等缺点,明显提高了TiO2的光催化活性.     

Synthesis of TiO2 photocatalysts in supercritical CO2 via a non-hydrolytic route

Nanoscaled TiO2 powders with narrow size dispersion were prepared in supercritical carbon dioxide via non-hydrolytic acylation/deacylation of titanium alkoxide precursors with or without tris-fluorination. The microstructures of these powders were characterized by spectroscopic (FTIR, TGA, and XRD), microscopic (SEM or TEM), and surface area (BET) measurements. Photocatalytic oxidation of 1-octanol on these calcined TiO2 powders and on commercial T805 TiO2 suspended in aerated supercritical carbon dioxide revealed relative reactivity controlled by the powder microstructures. Calcined TiO2 prepared from titanium(IV) isopropoxide and trifluoroacetic anhydride was effectively dispersed in aerated supercritical carbon dioxide under stirring and exhibited high photocatalytic oxidation activity.     

Preparation and characterization of highly photoactive nanocrystalline TiO_2 powders by solvent evaporation- induced crystallization method

Highly photoactive bi-phase nanocrystalline TiO2 photocatalyst was prepared by a solvent evaporation-induced crystallization (SEIC) method, and calcined at different temperatures. The obtained TiO2 photocatalyst was characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and BET surface areas. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated by the photocatalytic oxidation of acetone in air. The results show that solvent evaporation can promote the crystallization and phase transformation of TiO2 at 100℃. When calcination temperatures are below 600℃, the prepared TiO2 powders show bimodal pore size distributions in the mesoporous region. At 700℃, the pore size distributions exhibit monomodal distribution of the inter-aggregated pores due to the collapse of the intra-aggregated pores. At 100℃, the obtained TiO2 photocatalyst by this method shows good photocatalytic activity, and at 400℃, its photocatalytic activity exceeds that of Degussa P25. This may be attributed to the fact t     

TiO2纳米晶光催化降解铬酸根离子的研究

以二氧化钛为光催化剂,研究了溶液的ｐＨ值、铬酸根离子的初始浓度、通入的气体种类、氧化钛的载量等因素对铬酸根离子降解率的影响。同时合成了粒径小于１０ｎｍ的锐钛矿相和金红石相氧化钛纳米晶来考察晶相和尺寸效应对降解率的影响。结果表明,锐钛矿的催化活性高于金红石相,两者的催化活性均大大高于市售的氧化钛微粉。     

SO_4~(2_)表面修饰对TiO_2结构及其光催化性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了 TiO2和 /TiO2催化剂 .运用 XRD、 BET比表面测定、 IR和 DRS光谱等技术对催化剂进行了表征 ,并以光催化氧化分解溴代甲烷作为模型反应,考察了上述催化剂的光催化反应性能及其反应条件对光催化活性的影响 .结果表明 ,表面修饰使得催化剂的结构和光催化性能显著改善 ,催化剂表面形成具有超强酸性质的 L酸和 B酸协同中心 .与 TiO2相比 ,/TiO2光催化剂的锐钛矿含量高、晶粒小、 BET比表面积大、孔径分布集中、光谱吸收边蓝移 ,具有优异的光催化氧化活性、稳定性及抗湿性能 .     

SO2－4 表面修饰对TiO2结构及其光催化性能的影响

采用溶胶 凝胶法制备了TiO2和/TiO2催化剂.运用XRD、BET比表面测定、IR和DRS光谱等技术对催化剂进行了表征,并以光催化氧化分解溴代甲烷作为模型反应,考察了上述催化剂的光催化反应性能及其反应条件对光催化活性的影响.结果表明,表面修饰使得催化剂的结构和光催化性能显著改善,催化剂表面形成具有超强酸性质的L酸和B酸协同中心.与TiO2相比,/TiO2光催化剂的锐钛矿含量高、晶粒小、BET比表面积大、孔径分布集中、光谱吸收边蓝移,具有优异的光催化氧化活性、稳定性及抗湿性能.     

TiO2/Ag2O纳米材料的制备及其对甲醛的气敏性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了掺杂Ag的TiO2纳米晶粉体. 用XRD、TEM和BET方法对纳米晶的晶型﹑晶粒大小和表面性能进行了表征. 分析结果显示, 相同条件下掺杂Ag的TiO2比纯TiO2纳米材料具有更大的比表面积. 气敏性能测试结果表明, 掺杂Ag的TiO2传感器对甲醛有较好的灵敏度和更高的选择性.当焙烧温度为500 ℃, 掺杂Ag的摩尔比为5%(n(AgNO3)/n(Ti(OC4H9)4)=5%)时, TiO2对甲醛气体敏感性能最好. 在最佳工作电流124 mA下, 该元件对10 μL·L-1 HCHO的灵敏度S 接近4, 它的响应时间不超过1 s, 恢复时间为9 s.     

Effects of sodium content and calcination temperature on the morphology, structure and photocatalytic activity of nanotubular titanates

Titanate nanotubes (TNT) were prepared via a hydrothermal treatment of TiO(2) powders (P25) in a 10 M NaOH solution at 150 degrees C for 24 h and subsequently washed with HCl aqueous solution of different concentrations (0.1, 0.01, and 0.001 N). Samples with different contents of remnant sodium in nanotubes were characterized, as synthesized and after heat-treatment, by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. The photocatalytic activity of TNT was evaluated by photocatalytic oxidation of basic dye (basic violet 10 (BV10)) in water solution. It was found that if the sodium was not completely exchanged with proton, the removal of sodium increased the specific surface area (and pore volume), while the thermal stability was reduced. When the sodium content of TNT was approximately 0 wt% (nearly complete proton exchange), the nanotubular structure of titanates might be destroyed. The effects of the alterations of microstructures induced by the exchange of sodium and heat-treatment on the photocatalytic activity of TNT were discussed with the variations of specific surface area, pore volume, and the amounts of anatase phase in TNT.     

铽负载介孔二氧化钛的制备、表征和协同效应

以嵌段共聚物P123为模板剂,采用蒸发诱导自组装法制备了铽负载介孔TiO2光催化剂,并利用XRD、N2吸附解吸和UV-Vis吸收光谱等技术手段对样品进行了表征。 制备的样品为锐钛矿和金红石混合晶相,以罗丹明B为模拟有机降解物,样品显示了良好的可见光催化活性。 研究发现0.7%的铽负载和380 ℃的煅烧温度是较佳的制备条件。 介孔结构所具有的高的比表面积、小的晶粒尺寸、铽负载诱导的电荷分离和可见光吸收增强协同提高了光催化活性。 同时,提出了铽负载二氧化钛诱导增强光催化作用的机理。     

氧缺位型TiO2的制备、表征及其光催化析氧活性

采用69 ℃饱和水蒸气和H2混合气, 于927 ℃下处理金红石型TiO2, 得到不同氧缺位的光催化剂, 并用X射线衍射(XRD)、比表面(BET)、电子顺磁共振(EPR)、紫外-可见漫反射(DRS)、光电子能谱(XPS)对其进行了表征. 考察了热处理时间对氧缺位型TiO2光催化分解水析氧活性的影响. 结果表明, 适量的氧缺位能显著提高金红石型TiO2光催化分解水的析氧活性, 其最大析氧速率达222 μmol·L-1·h-1.     

可见光响应的LaVO4/TiO2 纳米管的合成、表征及对气相甲苯的光催化性能

通过水热方法合成了可见光响应的LaVO4/TiO2纳米管, 采用XRD, TEM, 氮气吸附-脱附以及表面光电压谱对样品进行了表征. 以气相甲苯为典型污染物, 研究了制备样品在可见光(λ＞420 nm)条件下的光催化性能. 实验结果表明, LaVO4的复合使TiO2的粒径减小, 比表面积增大, 光响应范围向可见光偏移. 光催化实验结果表明, 在可见光条件下, LaVO4/TiO2纳米管降解甲苯的效率比其它样品高, 与纯TiO2纳米管相比, 降解效率提高了47%.     

稀土离子掺杂对纳米TiO2光催化制氢活性的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶技术制备了纳米TiO2和一系列稀土离子掺杂的TiO2光催化剂,通过X射线衍射、透射电镜及N2吸附等技术对其进行了表征,考察了样品光催化分解水制氢的性能.结果表明,稀土离子掺杂有效抑制了TiO2粒子的生长,提高了粒子的分散性,增大了催化剂的比表面积,从而大幅度提高了其光催化分解水制氢的性能.其中,Gd3 掺杂的TiO2样品粒径最小,分散性最好,比表面积最大(是未掺杂TiO2的35倍).掺杂离子的电子构型对样品的光催化制氢活性有较大影响,具有全空电子构型的La3 和半充满电子构型的Gd3 掺杂的样品具有较高的光催化制氢活性(分别是未掺杂TiO2的3.69倍和3.72倍).     

利用二氧化钛簿膜光催化降解废水(英文)

主要研究了在ＴｉＯ２薄膜上光催化降解有机磷废水。结果表明,镀膜基片不同、光催化时间不同、ＴｉＯ２晶型不同均对降解速率有影响。感兴趣的是可以利用太阳紫外光降解有机磷废水。     

Spectroscopic study for photocatalytic decomposition of organic compounds on titanium dioxide containing sulfur under visible light irradiation

Yellowish S-containing TiO2 (S-TiO2) powders were prepared by calcination of a mixture of titanium(III) chloride and ammonium thiocyanate solutions. Three kinds of S-TiO2 were prepared by varying the concentration of ammonium thiocyanate (0.5, 1 or 13 M). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectra of the S-TiO2 showed that sulfur atoms existed on the surface of TiO2 powders. But the peaks assigned to S disappeared after Ar+ etching, which means that these atoms were not doped in the bulk of the TiO2 powders. While UV-visible absorption spectra of S-TiO2 showed that the absorption edges of these photocatalysts were seen to shift to a longer wavelength (lower band gap energy) than those of undoped rutile TiO2 prepared and commercial anatase type TiO2 (ST-01). The S-TiO2 (1 M) exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than ST-01 for degradation of methylene blue in aqueous solution under visible light irradiation (lambda > 400 nm). It was also confirmed by IR spectroscopy that acetaldehyde in oxygen under visible light irradiation (lambda > 400 nm) was decomposed to acetic acid by the S-TiO2 and ST-01 at the first decomposition step.     

超临界流体干燥法制备TiO2／C纳米粒子及光催化性能

以TiCl4为原料,采用溶胶凝胶法结合超临界流体干燥法(SCFD)制备了纳米级TiO2/C复合光催化剂.以苯酚的光催化降解对所得催化剂的催化活性进行了评价.结果表明,纳米TiO2/C复合粒子与单组分TiO2比较,复合粒子光催化活性高于单组分的TiO2,h苯酚降解率高达975 ％,COD为957%.并用XRD、TEM、 UV-Vis和XPS等手段进行了表征,iO2以锐钛矿型形式存在.比较了不同制备方法制得的TiO2/C复合催化剂,得出超临界干燥法制备的光催化剂具有粒径小,比表面积大,分散性好,光催化活性高等特点.     

Influence of crystallite structure of nanometer TiO_2 catalysts on photocatalyst reaction

25 samples of nanometer TiO2 were prepared through modifying the preparation conditions including the concentrations of Ti(SO4)2 and NH4HCO3, the pH value at the end of precipitation operation, and sintering temperature and time by methods of orthogonal design. The relationships between their catalytic activities of photocatalytic degradation of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) and the normal crystallite size, lattice-strain and X-ray diffraction intensity of 10 crystal faces were analyzed. It was discovered that the photocatalytic degradation reaction of SDBS follows first-order kinetics. Crystal faces of catalysts' (101) have greater influence than other crystal faces on the reaction. The photocatalytic reaction needs more perfect (101) crystal faces with less lattice-strain. Smaller normal crystallite size and greater specific surface area of (101) crystal face are better for increasing reaction rate. The photocatalytic reaction is mainly proceeded on the (101) crystal face, comparatively, amor     

Preparation and Photocatalytic Characterization of Nanoporous TiO2

Nanoporous TiO2 photocatalysts were prepared by use of controlled drying method with surfactants. The surface area and porous properties are dependent on the chain length of incorporated surfactant cation. The TiO2 materials prepared in the presence of surfactant molecules during the gel formation exhibit much higher photocatalytic activity than that prepared in the absence of surfactants.