基于软件测试的软件缺陷预测模型

通过对某武器系统软件测试所得缺陷数据与软件规模之间关系的分析,建立了基于软件测试的软件缺陷预测模型.通过本项研究,可以在武器系统软件研制的初期阶段对软件可能含有的缺陷数量和缺陷等级进行预测,为软件研制过程的质量保证活动策划提供依据.     

隐变量分析简介(三)

本文介绍拟合通径图SAS软件中的统计模型。     

软件服务供应链合同设计与协调策略

考虑了整合式软件服务供应链和分散式软件服务供应链两种模式,以整合供应链为基准对分散供应链下的软件开发合同设计与协调问题进行了研究。在分散供应链下,分析了固定价格合同、销量激励合同和成本分担合同三种合同对供应链收益的影响,探索了这些合同的激励机制,考察了这些合同的适用环境。研究表明:三种合同中,成本分担合同对软件开发商的激励最高,达到了整合供应链下的协调水平;固定价格合同适用于软件用户对质量不太注重而对价格比较敏感、以及开发成本较高的情形,销量激励合同适用于软件用户对质量比较注重而对价格不太敏感、以及开发成本较低的情形,成本分担合同适用于平台运营商易于监测软件开发商开发成本的情形。     

Design of Finite Element Tools for Coupled Surface and Volume Meshes

Many problems with underlying variational structure involve a coupling of volume with surface effects.A straight-forward approach in a finite element discretiza- tion is to make use of the surface triangulation that is naturally induced by the volume triangulation.In an adaptive method one wants to facilitate"matching"local mesh modifications,i.e.,local refinement and/or coarsening,of volume and surface mesh with standard tools such that the surface grid is always induced by the volume grid. We describe the concepts behind this approach for bisectional refinement and describe new tools incorporated in the finite element toolbox ALBERTA.We also present several important applications of the mesh coupling.     

Classroom note: The area under x α by geometry

By stretching the area under the curve x ^α it is shown to be of the form x ^{α + 1} p(α). Geometry is then used to prove p(α) = 1/(α + 1).     

从Stewart的《Calculus》看高等数学教学

1加强数学软件在数学教育中的应用数学软件为高等数学教学理论联系实际创造了有利条件.象Maple这样的数学软件在美国的中学数学教育中就已经开始使用了.最近,高等教育出版社推出二部国外原版教材,一部是Finey,Weir等编的《Thomas Calculus》[1],一部是Stewart的《Calculus》[2]     

一种新的基于不完全排错的最优软件发行策略

软件的最优发行管理问题是软件可靠性研究的一个关键问题.现有的最优软件发行模型大都假定软件排错过程是完全的,并且在排错过程中没有新的故障引入,这种假设在很多情况下是不合理的.本文提出了一种新的最优软件发行管理模型,该模型既考虑了软件的不完全排错过程,又考虑了在排错过程中可能会引入新的故障,同时还考虑了由于排错经验的不断积累,软件的完全排错概率会增加的情况.本文同时给出了该模型的解.     

生成SAS数据集的几种方法

高惠璇，生成ＳＡＳ数据集的几种方法，数理统计与管理，１９９８，１７（３），４９～５４．本文介绍生成ＳＡＳ数据集几种不同的方法。     

Technological Tools in the Introductory Statistics Classroom: Effects on Student Understanding of Inferential Statistics

While technology has become an integral part of introductory statistics courses, the programs typically employed are professional packages designed primarily for data analysis rather than for learning. Findings from several studies suggest that use of such software in the introductory statistics classroom may not be very effective in helping students to build intuitions about the fundamental statistical ideas of sampling distribution and inferential statistics. The paper describes an instructional experiment which explored the capabilities of Fathom, one of several recently-developed packages explicitly designed to enhance learning. Findings from the study indicate that use of Fathom led students to the construction of a fairly coherent mental model of sampling distributions and other key concepts related to statistical inference. The insights gained point to a number of critical ingredients that statistics educators should consider when choosing statistical software. They also provide suggestions about how to approach the particularly challenging topic of statistical inference. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Minimizing the lateral surface area of a cone

Bayes’ theorem is often applied in problems that essentially involve finding the accuracy of atesting device, given the sensitivity of the device. It is shown how linear programming can be used to determine (in a certain sense) the minimum sensitivity needed for a given prescribed minimum accuracy.     

带优化参数的SVR模型及在软件成本估算中的应用

随着社会各行各业对软件开发投资的日益增长,产业界和学术界越来越关注可靠的软件成本估算,以有效控制软件开发过程中相关风险.为了能更准确地估算软件成本,提出一种带遗传算法优化参数的支持向量回归机模型,用遗传算法来优化支持向量回归机模型中的参数集(C,γ,ε),可以避免参数选择的盲目性,能显著提高支持向量回归机模型的预测能力.分别用IBM DP、Kemerer和Hallmark三个数据库来验证模型的有效性,并与常用的线性回归模型进行对比,结果显示采用遗传算法优化的支持向量回归机模型具有很好的学习精度和推广能力,在MMRE和Pred(0.25)两个标准上都优于线性回归模型.     

考虑多种类型缺陷的软件可靠性模型研究

本文提出一种考虑多种类型缺陷的软件可靠性模型,并构建了缺陷检测和剔除两个过程的模型。具体分类情况,可以根据模型的检验方法(拟合准则和预测有效性度量)和模型复杂度来具体决定,如果有测试人员的分类建议或者分类数据,可以结合模型共同决定。为了说明问题,本文给出四种类型缺陷的具体模型,并对实际数据集进行了拟合。通过模型比较,验证了多种类型缺陷模型的有效性。最后,通过构建软件最优发布时间策略对模型进行了应用。研究结果为软件开发和测试提供了理论参考。     

Effect of Cabri-assisted instruction on secondary school students’ misconceptions about graphs of quadratic functions

Pre-existing misconceptions are serious impediments to learning in mathematics. Means for detecting and correcting them have received much attention in the literature of educational research. Dynamic geometry software has been tried at different grade levels. This quasi-experimental study investigates the effect of Cabri-assisted instruction on tenth graders’ misconceptions about graphs of quadratic functions. The results indicate that Cabri-assisted instruction did not have a statistically significant effect on their misconceptions, but the misconception scores of the experimental group were better than those of the control group. Also, there was a significant difference between the achievement scores of the two groups. Scores of the experimental group on a quadratic functions test were significantly higher than those of the control group. In conclusion, some implications and limitations of the study are discussed.     

谈谈对学生能力的培养--非数学专业数学公共课的教学探讨

结合数学建模活动,在非数学专业数学公共课的教法上探讨了建模能力、解题能力和应用数学软件能力的培养,是教学过程的总结和归纳.     

运用SAS软件系统对上证综合指数的预测分析

本文运用 SAS软件系统中的一些时间序列建模方法及回归分析方法对我国上海证券交易所的上证综合指数作了预测分析 ,得到了较高的预测精度 ,为预测股票市场的整体走势提供了一种方便实用的方法     

Crossing Over Genetic Algorithms: The Sugal Generalised GA

Sugal is a major new public-domain software package designed to support experimentation with, and implementation of, Genetic Algorithms. Sugal includes a generalised Genetic Algorithm, which supports the major popular versions of the GA as special cases. Sugal also has integrated support for various datatypes, including real numbers, and features to make hybridisation simple. This paper discusses the Sugal GA, showing how recombining the features of the popular algorithms results in the creation of a number of useful hybrid algorithms.     

Integer-Programming Software Systems

Recent developments in integer-programming software systems have tremendously improved our ability to solve large-scale instances. We review the major algorithmic components of state-of-the-art solvers and discuss the options available to users for adjusting the behavior of these solvers when default settings do not achieve the desired performance level. Furthermore, we highlight advances towards integrated modeling and solution environments. We conclude with a discussion of model characteristics and substructures that pose challenges for integer-programming software systems and a perspective on features we may expect to see in these systems in the near future.     

“数学实验”教学的几个点体会

对近几年从事"数学实验"教学进行总结.根据教学实践中的体会,针对教学中出现的问题阐明我们的观点,陈述我们解决这些问题的办法.实践证明这些办法是行之有效的.     

数学软件在数学建模中的应用

本文以 2 0 0 1年全国大学生数学竞赛 A题为例 ,介绍数学软件在数学建模中的应用 ,并通过例子揭示该竞赛题本身在数学表述上是有缺陷的 .