ZurFischer-Indol-Umlagerung sterisch gehinderter Systeme, 6. Mitt.: Reaktionen mit cyclischen Oxalylverbindungen, 22. Mitt.

The N,N-diphenylhydrazones1 and7 combine with oxalyl chloride yielding the corresponding 2,3-dihydropyrrole-2,3-diones (2), the indeno[1,2—b]pyrrol-2,3-dion derivative8 a and the 1-diphenylamino-4,5-tetrahydrobenz[g]indol-2,3-dione (8 b).2 can be rearranged into the pyrrolo[2,3—b]indole systems3 by thermolysis in decaline. Heating of3 a gives ethyl 1,2-diphenyl-indole-3-carboxylate5, while3 b under the same conditions is converted into the (indolyl-)glyoxylic acid derivative4. The diaza-propellanes9 are synthesized by thermolysis of8 in decaline. Oxidative hydrolysis of9 leads to the indole derivatives10, which on the other hand are made byFischer indole synthesis starting with7.     

Synthese von benzanellierten Carbacephamen 2.Mitt.

Summary The treatment of 2-(oxo-1-azetidinyl)-benzyltriphenylphosphponium salts9 and13b,c,d, ande with base leads to carbacephemes10 and14b,c,d, ande which can be reduced to the title compounds. The reaction of14 with acids does not result in 3-oxocephames by cleavage of the enolether function. Instead, the 3-alkoxyquinolines15b andc have been obtained.

     

A new aromatic glucoside from stem bark of Illicium difengpi K.I.B. et K.I.M.

A new aromatic glucoside, namely 4-methoxyphenyl-(6-deoxy-α-L-mannopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), together with six known aromatic glucosides (2–7) were isolated from the stem bark of Illicium difengpi. The structures of these compounds were established by spectroscopic methods. The isolated aromatic glucosides were tested for anti-inflammatory activity. Compounds 1, 3 and 6 showed significant inhibitory effect on nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in RAW 264.7 macrophages induced by lipopolysaccharide.     

Derivate des Methylendioxybenzols, 24. Mitt.

Zusammenfassung Es wird die Synthese des isomerenfreien 2,3-Methylendioxyallylbenzols (o-Safrols) (1 d) durch Einwirkung von Chlorbrommethan auf 2,3-Dihydroxy-allylbenzol (1 b) beschrieben.Durch Behandlung des 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxy-allylbenzols (3 a) mit Kaliumnitrosodisulfonat, Reduktion des entstehenden 3-Methoxy-5-allyl-o-benzochinons (4) mit Natriumdithionit und Methylenierung des 3-Methoxy-5-allyl-brenzcatechins (5) bildet sich Myristicin (3 b) in guter Ausbeute.

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Derivatives of methylenedioxy-benzene, XXIV: Synthesis of o-safrole and of myristicine

Preparation of 2.3-methylenedioxy-allylbenzene (o-safrole) (1 d) free of isomers by reaction of 2.3-dihydroxy-allylbenzene (1 b) with CH₂BrCl is described.Treating 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-allylbenzene (3 a) with potassium nitrosodisulfonate gives 3-methoxy-5-allyl-o-benzoquinone (4) which ist reduced to 3-methoxy-5-allyl-pyrocatechol (5) with sodium dithionite. Methylenation of3 c gives myristicin with good yield.

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23. Mitt.:F. Dallacker, W. Edelmann undA. Weiner, Ann. Chem.,719, 112 (1968).     

Elektrophile Substitution von Cymantrenen, 3. Mitt.: Methoxy-, Mercapto- und Thienocymantren (10. Mitt. über Cymantrenderivate)

Zusammenfassung Methoxycymantren (3) wurde aus Cymantren-diazoniumsulfat über das sehr oxydationsempfindliche Hydroxycymantren hergestellt. Das ebenfalls zur Oxydation neigende Mercaptocymantren (7) läßt sich bei O₂-Ausschluß nach Reduktion des Sulfochlorides5 isolieren.7 ergibt mit Dimethylsulfat Methylthiocymantren (9) und mit Chloressigsäure S-Cymantrenyl-thioglykolsäure (12). Aus12 ist durchFriedel-Crafts-Cyclisierung das Keton14 und daraus Thienocymantren (16) zugänglich. 3 und—in geringerm Maße-9 erwiesen sich bei derFriedel-Crafts-Acetylierung als -dirigierend. Die Acetylierung von Thienocymantren (16) ergibt ein Mono- und zwei Diacetylderivate. Die Strukturen wurden aus den NMR-Spektren und MS abgeleitet.

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Electrophilic substitution of cymantrenes, III: Methoxy-, mercapto-, and thieno-cymantrenes (cymantrene derivatives, X)

Methoxycymantrene (3) was prepared from cymantrene diazonium sulfate via (the very oxygen sensitive) hydroxycymantrene. Mercaptocymantrene (7), which is also prone to autoxidation, can be isolated, if O₂ is excluded, after reduction of the sulfonyl chloride5. 7 yields with dimethyl sulfate methylthiocymantrene (9). The reaction with chloroacetic acid produces S-cymantrenyl thioglycolic acid (12). From12 the ketone14 and thence thienocymantrene (16) is accessible by cyclisation.

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2. Mitt.:H. Egger undA. Nikiforov, Mh. Chem.99, 2311 (1968).

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9. Mitt.:H. Egger undA. Nikiforov, Mh. Chem.100, 483 (1969).     

Reaktionen mit phosphororganischen Verbindungen, 48. Mitt.

Reaction of the vicinal diols of steroids1, 5, 7, 10, 13, and16 with TPP/DEAD yields both regio-and stereospecifically the oxosteroids2, 6, 8, 11, 14, and15 by displacement of an axial hydrogen and extrusion ofTPPO besides the cholest-4-en-6-ols9 and12 and the cyclic carbonate3. 16, 17-androstandiol16 gives only the cyclic carbonate17. The different structures of the carbohydrates withcis-diol arrangement19 and21 lead exclusively to cyclic carbonates20 and22 in moderate yields. Treatment of1 with TPP/DEAD/HN₃ affords 3-azido-2-hydroxycholestane4 in addition to the above mentioned2.

     

Über Reaktionen mit cyclischen Oxalylverbindungen, 6. Mitt.: Synthesen von Heterocyclen, 161. Mitt.

Zusammenfassung 4-Benzoyl-5-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-furan-2,3-dion (1) setzt sich mit Arylisocyanaten unter CO-Abspaltung zu den Oxazin-2,4-dionen3 bzw.4 um.1 und p-Tolylcarbodiimid reagieren hingegen zum 4-Hydroxy-chinolin9 weiter. Die 4-Hydroxy-chinoline9 bzw.17 erhält man unabhängig davon durch thermische Belastung der Pyrrol-2,3-dion-Derivate14 bzw.15, die aus den entsprechenden Dibenzoylmethananilen und Oxalylchlorid synthetisierbar sind. Als Zwischenstufen dieser Cyclisierungsreaktionen werden -Acylheterocumulene (2 bzw.12,19) postuliert.

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Reactions of cyclic oxalyl compounds, VI: Syntheses of heterocycles, CLXI

4-Benzoyl-5-phenyl-2.3-dihydro-furan-2.3-dione (1) reacts with aryl isocyanates with loss of CO to give the oxazine-2.4-diones3,4, resp. However, the reaction between1 and p-tolylcarbodiimide goes further, yielding the 4-hydroxyquinoline9. The quinolines9 and17 are obtained by an independent route by heating the pyrrole-2.3-diones14 and15, which can be synthesized from dibenzoylmethane aniles and oxalyl chloride. -Acylheterocumulenes (2,12,19, resp.) are postulated as intermediates for these cyclization reactions.

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Herrn Univ.-Prof. Dr.H. Nowotny, Vorstand des Inst. f. Physik. Chemie der Universität Wien, gewidmet.     

Synthesen von Heterocyclen, 89. Mitt.

Zusammenfassung Isatosäureanhydrid (1) reagiert beim Verschmelzen mit Harnstoffen bzw. Thioharnstoffen zu Derivaten des Tetrahydrochinazolins (2 und3). Die Umsetzung kann auch in siedendemDMF durchgeführt werden.

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Isatoic anhydride (1) reacts with urea or thiourea yielding derivatives of tetrahydroquinazoline (2 and3). The reaction proceeds with good yields if the components are heated together without any solvent or in refluxingDMF.

     

Über Reaktionen mit cyclischen Oxalylverbindungen, 8. Mitt.

Zusammenfassung Die aus den Enhydrazinen1 bzw.2 mit Oxalylchlorid synthetisierbaren Pyrrol-2,3-dione3 bzw.4 lagern sich bei therm. Belastung nach Art einerFischer-Indolsynthese in die Indolderivate5 bzw.6 um. 1-Diphenylamino-4-methyl-5-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-pyrrol-2,3-dion reagiert mit den entsprechenden nucleophilen Reagentien zu den Verbindungen7–9.

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Syntheses of heterocycles, CLXV: Reactions of cyclic oxalyl compounds, VIII

The enehydrazines1 and2 cyclize with oxalyl chloride yielding the pyrrole-2.3-diones3 and4, which can be rearranged to form the indole-derivatives5 and6 by heating. The 1-diphenylamino-4-methyl-5-phenyl-2.3-dihydro-pyrrole-2.3-dione reacts with the corresponding nucleophilic reagents to give the compounds7 to9.

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Meinem verehrten Lehrer, Herrn Prof. Dr.E. Ziegler, mit besten Wünschen zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet.     

Derivate des Methylendioxybenzols, 28. Mitt.:

Zusammenfassung Es wird die Synthese der 2,5-Dimethoxy-3,4-methylendioxy- (1g), des 2,3-Dimethoxy-4,5-methylendioxy- (1h) und des 4,5-Dimethoxy-2,3-methylendioxy-phenols (1i) und ihrer Methyläther1j, k beschrieben. Weiterhin wird über die Darstellung des 2,3,6-Trimethoxy-4,5-methylendioxy-allylbenzols (1m) und die Synthese vondl-2-Amino-1-(dimethoxy-methylendioxyphenyl)-propan-Abkömmlingen (2d–f) berichtet.

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Derivatives of methylendioxy-benzene, XXVIII.: Reactions of the Dimethoxy-methylendioxy-benzaldehydes

Syntheses of 2.5-dimethoxy-3.4-methylenedioxy- (1g), 2.3-dimethoxy-4.5-methylenedioxy- (1h), and 4.5-dimethoxy-2.3-methylenedioxy-phenole (1i) and their methyl ethers1j, k and the preparation of 2.3.6-trimethoxy-4.5-methylenedioxy-allylbenzene (1m) and ofdl-2-amino-1-(dimethoxy-methylene-dioxyphenyl)-propane derivatives are described.

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Mitt.:F. Dallacker, Chem. Ber., im Druck.     

Prins-Reaktionen mit Arylaldehyden, 3. Mitt.

By reaction of excess benzaldehyde with cyclohexene in presence of sulfuric acid besider-2,c-4-diphenyl-(t-4aH,c-8aH)-hexahydro-4H-1,3-benzodioxin (2) andr-4-phenyl-(t-4aH,c-8aH)-hexahydro-4H-1,3,2-benzodioxathiin-2,2-dioxide (3),trans-2-benzyloxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone (5) and (E)-3-benzylidene-1-cyclohexenyl phenyl ketone (6) are obtained. The formation of5 and6 is shown to proceed via an acid catalyzedCannizzaro reaction of benzaldehyde.

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2. Mitt.:H. Griengl undK. P. Geppert, Mh. Chem.107, 675 (1976).     

Über die Struktur der Acrylnitril-Guanidin-Kondensate Über Heterocyclen, 78. Mitt.

Repetition of the work ofSugino andTamaka ¹ showed that acrylonitrile and guanidine react inDMF to yield not only 3,4,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-pyrimido[1,2—a]pyrimidine-2,8(1H)-diimine (1), but a mixture (F) of1 (as a main product) and 2-amino-4-imino-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-1-propionitrile (7) besides one or two bases not identified so far.1 and7 were isolated as picrates. For the prove of their structures,1- and7-picrate were also prepared by an unequivocal synthesis starting from iminodipropionitrile hydrochloride8 · HCl: The latter on reaction with cyanamide gave9 which cyclized to afford a mixture of1,7 and 2-amino-4-oxo-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-1-propionitrile (10). The picrates of1 and7 were identical with those prepared from the acrylonitrileguanidine-condensateF. This result supports the prior proposed¹ structures of pyrimidopyrimidine1 and of4,5 and6, obtained by hydrolysis of1. Nmr-, ir-and some of the mass spectra of1,4,7–10 (and their salts) are reported.

     

Über Dicyanmethylen-aminoindene,Indano-pyridazine und Indano-pyridine. Synthesen mit Nitrilen, 83. Mitt.

Summary 1-Dicyanomethylene-3-indanone (1) shows a remarkable reactivity of the carbonyl- and the methylene-function towards nucleophiles. With anilines and phenylhydrazine, resp., the deep-red colored pentamethinecyanines2 and3 are formed, azocoupling leads to indano-pyridazines4. With diphenylformamidines anilinomethylene-indanones5 are obtained in a primary reaction, followed by ring closure and Dimroth-rearrangement to indano-pyridines6.¹³C- and¹⁵N-NMR-spectrocopy is used for confirmation of the structures.

Herrn Prof. Dr. J. Schurz zum 65. Geburtstag gewidmet     

Reassessment of Melittis melissophyllum L. subsp. melissophyllum iridoidic fraction

The analysis of the polar fraction of Melittis melissophyllum L. subsp. melissophyllum led to the identification of several iridoid glycosides: monomelittoside (1), melittoside (2), harpagide (3), acetyl-harpagide (4) and ajugoside (5). Compounds 3 and 4 are considered marker compounds for the genus and, as well as compounds 1, 2 and 5, were already evidenced in a previous study on the nominal species. It was noteworthy of the presence of allobetonicoside (6) which was never reported for this genus. The isolation of 6 is very relevant because of its allose residue on the structure. Allose has been often found in the species of the subfamily Lamioideae even if it mostly regarded flavonoids considered of chemotaxonomical relevance for some correlated genera of Lamiaceae. Same as allosyl-glycosidic flavonoids, the presence of allosyl-glycosidic iridoids may also be an additional chemosystematic evidence of botanical relationships among Lamiaceae species and genera.     

Umwandlung von Phthalidisochinolinalkaloiden in Benzazepinalkaloide, 1. Mitt.

Zusammenfassung Als Modell für die geplante Umformung von Phthalidisochinolinalkaloiden in natürliche Benzazepinalkaloide (Rhoeadinalkaloide) wird das aus (–)-Narcotin zugängliche Nornarcein2a oder dessen Äthylester2b ² in das Rheadan8b ¹ übergeführt. Ein Rheadan mit dem aromatischen Substitutionsmuster von8b wurde bisher in der Natur noch nicht aufgefunden.

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Conversion of Phthalideisoquinolines into Benzazepine Alkaloids

As a model for the planned conversion of phthalideisoquinoline alkaloids into natural benzazepine alkaloids (rhoeadine type), nornarceine2a or its ethyl ester2b [obtained from (–)-narcotine,1]² have been transformed into the rheadane8b ¹. The aromatic substitution pattern of8b has not yet been observed in nature.

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Herrn Prof. Dr.O. Kratky zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet.     

Reaktionen mit cyclischen Oxalylverbindungen, 26. Mitt. Cyclokondensation von 4,5-substituierten Thiophen- bzw. N-Alkylpyrrol-2,3-dionen mito-Phenylendiamin

4-Benzoyl-5-phenylthiophene-2,3-dione (1) reacts witho-phenylendiamine to give the quinoxaline derivative2 which cyclizes either to the furo[2,3-b]quinoxaline4 or to the thieno[2,3-b]quinoxaline5 depending on the reaction conditions. On the other hand, the pyrrol-2,3-diones6 ando-phenylendiamine combine yielding the pyrrolidino[2,3-b][1,5]benzodiazepine derivatives7. The structures of all compounds were confirmed by IR and¹³C NMR spectroscopic measurements based on X-ray structure determinations of4/5 (mixed crystal) as well as7 b.4/5 crystallize triclinically in the space group P1 (Nr. 2) with two molecules per cell, while7 b crystallizes monoclinically in space group P2₁/a (Nr. 14) with four molecules7 b and four moleculesDMSO per cell. The reaction pathways leading to the compounds2,4,5, and7 are briefly discussed.

Herrn em. Univ.-Prof. Dr.E. Ziegler zur Vollendung des 75. Lebensjahres mit besten Wünschen gewidmet.     

Untersuchungen über Chinone, 9. Mitt. Über Acetylderivate vonp-Indazolchinonen

Summary Acetylation of the indazolquinones1a (6-anilino-),b (6-p-toluidino-),c (6-N-methylanilino-),g (6- or 5-methylthio-), andk (benz[f]-) by heating with acetic anhydride yields the 2-acetylindazolquinones4a, b, c, g, andk. Reductive acetylation of the quinones1c, g, h/h ₁(6/5-methyl),k and — for structure elucidation — their 1-N- (2c) and 2-N- (3c, 3e)-methyl derivatives with acetic anhydride, zink powder, and sodium acetate gives the 1-acetyl-(7c, g, h/h ₁,k), resp. 1-methyl- (8c), and 2-methyl- (9c, e) diacetoxyindazoles. In case of1k, two diacetyl derivatives were isolated in addition to the already known triacetyl derivative7k, regardless of the conditions chosen. Acetylation of the intermediate product of the reaction from phenylthio-benzoquinone with diazomethane also yields a triacetyl-hydroquinone (7f). UV/Vis, IR, and¹H NMR spectroscopy were used for structure determination. Comparison of the UV/Vis spectra of the acetyl derivatives4 with those of1, 2, 3, and of compounds7 with those of analog substituted indazols shows that the acetyl group is located in position 2 with compounds4 and in position 1 with compounds7. By means of¹H NMR spectra the position of the acetyl group can be determined by the effect of the carbonyl group on the proton in position3.

     

Markhacanasin C,cycloartane triterpenoid from the leaves of Markhamia stipulata var. canaense V.S. Dang

One new cycloartane triterpenoid, named markhacanasin C (1), together with three known triterpenoids, oleanolic acid (2), ursolic acid (3) and 6β,19α-dihydroxyursolic acid (4) were isolated by various chromatographic methods from the most cytotoxic fraction of the ethyl acetate extract of Markhamia stipulata var. canaense V.S. Dang leaves. Among them, 4 was reported for the first time from the genus Markhamia, while 2 and 3 were found for the first time from this species. Their structures were elucidated by IR, UV, HR-ESI-MS and NMR experiments. The cytotoxicity of isolated compounds (3 and 4) against three human cancer cell lines (HeLa, HepG2, and MCF-7) were evaluated. At the concentration of 100 μg/mL, 3 exhibited significant cytotoxic activity (86.36 ± 3.69%).     

Synthese von benzanellierten Carbacephamen, 1. Mitt.

Summary The direct intramolecular acylation and alkylation of the phenylsulfonylmethyl-group in the -lactames5a and7 are not successful. The postulated intermediate8 of the acylating reaction could be quenched with trimethylchlorosilane as the stable silylketale10. Desulfonation and desilylation of10 leads to the title compound12. The reaction of7 with base does not result in a carbacephame. Instead, the benzo[b]-azepinones15c,d have been obtained.

     

Zur Kenntnis der Reaktionsfähigkeit alkylsubstituierter Thiomorpholine, 2. Mitt.

Zusammenfassung Die Oxydation des 2-Methyl-3-äthylthiomorpholins (1) bzw. seines Hydrochlorids (1·HCl) mit 30proz. H₂O₂ liefert bei 0°C 87 bzw. 84% 2-Methyl-3-äthylthiomorpholin-1-oxid (4), bei 50°C 41 bzw. 46% 2-Methyl-3-äthylthiomorpholin-1,1-dioxid (7). Aus 2-Methyl-3-äthyl-4-formylthiomorpholin (2) bzw. 2-Methyl-3-äthyl-4-acetylthiomorpholin (3) erhält man die entspr. Sulfoxide (5 83%] bzw.6 [80%]), wenn man mit 30proz. H₂O₂ bei 0°C in Wasser bzw. Eisessig oxydiert, dagegen die entspr. Sulfone (8 [93%] bzw.9 [73%]), wenn in Ameisensäure bzw. Eisessig mit überschüss. 85proz. H₂O₂ bei 100°C oxydiert wird.8 und9 lassen sich mit verd. HCl glatt (ca. 90%) zu7 verseifen.Auf Basis von4 und7 werden zahlreiche s-Triazin-Derivate (10–26) und durch Addition von4 und7 an Isocyanate und Senföle einige Harnstoff- (27–31, 35–38) und Thioharnstoff-Derivate (32–34) dargestellt.

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On the reactivity of alkyl substituted thiomorpholines, II¹ (Joint action of elemental sulfur and gaseous ammonia upon ketones, LXXXI²)

Oxidation of 2-methyl-3-ethyl-thiomorpholine (1) and the corresponding hydrochloride (1·HCl) with 30% H₂O₂ leads to the 2-methyl-3-ethyl-thiomorpholine-1-oxide (4) at 0°C in a yield of 87 and 84%, resp.; at 50°C 2-methyl-3-ethyl-thiomorpholine-1.1-dioxide (7) is formed in a yield of 41 and 46%, resp. By oxidation of 2-methyl-3-ethyl-4-formyl-thiomorpholine (2) and 2-methyl-3-ethyl-4-acetyl-thiomorpholine (3) with a 30% solution of H₂O₂ at 0°C in water or acetic acid, resp., the corresponding sulfoxides (5 [83%] and6 [80%]) are obtained; with an excess of 85% H₂O₂ in formic or acetic acid at 100°C the respective sulfones (8 [93%] and9 [73%]) are formed.8 and9 are easily saponified with dilute HCl to7 in a yield of about 90%.A large number of s-triazine derivatives (10–26) are prepared from4 and7; by addition of isocyanates and thio isocyanates to4 and7 urea- (27–31, 35–38) and thiourea derivatives (32–34) are obtained.

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1. Mitt.:F. Asinger, H. Offermanns, A. Saus, C. Dudeck, D. Neuray undE. Wilms, Mh. Chem.104, 118 (1973).

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80. Mitt.:F. Asinger, A. Saus undD. Neuray, Ann. Chem. (im Druck).

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Teil der DiplomarbeitE. Wilms, Techn. Hochschule Aachen, 1969; Teil der DissertationE. Wilms, Techn. Hochschule Aachen 1971.