石墨烯量子点-银纳米颗粒复合物用于过氧化氢和葡萄糖比色检测

以石墨烯量子点(GQDs)为还原剂和稳定剂,在其表面原位生长银纳米粒子(AgNPs),制备了具有良好分散性的GQDs/AgNPs纳米复合物,其粒径小于30 nm.GQDs/AgNPs纳米复合物具有类过氧化物酶的催化活性,能有效催化H2O2氧化3,3',5,5'-四甲基联苯胺(TMB)并发生显色反应.稳态动力学分析表明,GQDs/AgNPs催化动力学遵循典型的Michaelis-Menten模型,其催化机理符合乒乓机制.与辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)相比,GQDs/AgNPs纳米复合物具有更强的亲和性.基于GQDs/AgNPs的催化活性和葡萄糖氧化产生H2O2的原理,建立了H2O2和葡萄糖的比色检测方法,检出限分别为0.18和1.6 μmol/L.将本方法应用于血浆中葡萄糖的检测分析,结果与标准方法相符.     

基于木瓜蛋白酶过氧化物模拟酶活性的尿酸检测

木瓜蛋白酶具有过氧化物模拟酶活性,可以催化过氧化氢氧化3,3',5,5'-四甲基联苯胺(TMB)产生蓝色的显色反应。结合尿酸酶和木瓜蛋白酶构建了一个比色检测尿酸(UA)的新方法。其检测过程受pH、温度、TMB浓度和反应时间的影响,最优的检测条件分别为pH 3.0、温度为30℃、TMB浓度0.80 mmol/L及反应时间2 h,线性范围为20~200μmol/L,检出限2.4μmol/L。实验证实了该方法具有较好的选择性并且已经成功地应用于人血清样品的尿酸测定。     

Au纳米簇-WS_2纳米片复合材料的合成及类过氧化物酶活性研究

通过静电组装技术制备了金纳米簇-硫化钨片纳米复合材料(Au-WS_2NCs),此Au-WS_2NCs具有优良的过氧化物酶催化活性,能有效催化H_2O_2氧化3,3',5,5'-四甲基联苯胺盐酸盐(TMB)发生显色反应。考察了Au-WS_2催化NCs/TMB/H_2O_2显色反应条件对此纳米复合材料类过氧化物酶活性的影响,并进行了稳态动力学分析。实验结果表明,Au-WS_2NCs的酶催化反应遵循典型的Michaelis-Menten动力学模型。基于Au-WS_2NCs在H_2O_2存在下对TMB的催化显色反应及葡萄糖在葡萄糖氧化酶作用下可产生H_2O_2的催化氧化反应,在最优实验条件下,实现了比色法测定H_2O_2和葡萄糖,检出限分别为6.0×10~(-7)mol/L和3.1×10~(-6)mol/L,并成功用于血糖的检测。     

基于新型聚钙羧酸修饰电极的甲胎蛋白电化学免疫传感器研究

通过电聚合制得新型聚钙羧酸修饰电极并用于构建检测甲胎蛋白（AFP）的高灵敏电化学免疫传感器. 采用扫描电镜（SEM）、电化学交流阻抗（EIS）观察、表征修饰电极和AFP单克隆抗体（Ab1）固定前后的差异. 固定Ab1的电极与一定浓度的AFP、辣根过氧化物酶联AFP单克隆抗体（HRP-Ab2）反应,形成夹心型免疫复合物. 辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）催化3,3',5,5'-四甲基联苯胺（TMB）底物产生电流信号,实现AFP浓度的测定. 本检测方法灵敏度高,重现性好.     

季胺-辣根过氧化物酶-过氧化氢显色新体系及其在酶活性检测中的应用

建立了光度法测定辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)活性的季胺-过氧化氢-HRP新体系, 探讨了反应机理. 该方法基于含KI的pH 4.5 PBS介质中, HRP催化H₂O₂氧化季胺[二(4–二甲氨基苯基)甲烷]的显色反应在462 nm处的吸光度. 吸光度与HRP活性呈线性关系. 该可溶性的季胺比目前临床常用显色剂3,3',5,5'-四甲基联苯胺更稳定, 克服了后者的缺点. 在选定的实验条件下, 测定HRP的线性范围为2.0×10^－9～2.5×10^－7 g/mL, 检出限为3×10^－10 g/mL. 应用于HRP标记马抗人甲胎蛋白免疫标记物的测定, 结果满意. 该方法操作简便, 灵敏度高, 在临床上有较好的应用前景.     

脂质体@Ag/Au中空纳米壳层材料的制备及与H2O2的作用

以脂质体作为模板, 通过化学还原法制备了脂质体@Ag/Au 中空纳米材料, 并研究了其与过氧化氢(H₂O₂)的作用. 利用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、 紫外-可见(UV-Vis)吸收光谱和表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)对纳米材料进行了表征. 在过氧化氢和纳米材料存在的情况下, 加入3,3 ',5,5'-四甲基联苯胺(TMB)作为显色液, 无色的TMB被氧化成蓝色的氧化TMB(oxTMB), 可以检测到反应后oxTMB在652 nm处的特征吸收强度及其拉曼光谱的变化. 实验结果表明, 当过氧化氢浓度在15100 μmol/L 范围内, oxTMB的特征吸收强度与其浓度呈线性关系, 可实现对过氧化氢的微量检测, 检测限为0.5 μmol/L.     

CuS/Ag2S纳米复合物的制备及类过氧化物酶性质

采用水热法合成了一种微球状的CuS/Ag₂S纳米复合物. 通过透射电子显微镜、 紫外-可见吸收光谱和拉曼光谱等对其形貌及光学性质进行了表征; 考察了其类过氧化物酶性质, 并通过表面增强拉曼散射原位监测了类过氧化物酶催化反应. 以3,3',5,5'-四甲基联苯胺(TMB)为底物进行显色反应, 结果表明, 在H₂O₂存在下CuS/Ag₂S 纳米复合物具有类过氧化物酶的性质, 可以将无色的TMB氧化成蓝色的oxTMB. 基于此实现了对微量H₂O₂的检测.     

双亲聚乙烯醇气凝胶过氧化物酶催化性能及对葡萄糖的传感研究

利用聚乙烯醇(PVA)为基本骨架,马来酸(MA)为辅助交联剂,合成了具有优异类过氧化物酶活性的双亲气凝胶.通过调整马来酸的用量,使气凝胶表面暴露出大量的羧基和酯基,可分别作为酶促反应的催化活性位点和底物3,3',5,5'-四甲基联苯胺(TMB)、多巴胺及过氧化氢(H2O2)的结合位点.利用此气凝胶高效催化H2O2氧化T...     

基于二硫化钼纳米片类过氧化物酶活性比色法测定尿酸

采用一步水热法制备具有类过氧化物酶活性的MoS2纳米片,并基于MoS2纳米片可催化H2O2氧化3,3',5,5'-四甲基联苯胺(TMB)生成蓝色氧化产物(ox-TMB)的原理,建立了测定H2O2浓度的分析方法.在pH 3.7、温度35℃、MoS2浓度1.0μg/mL及孵育时间40 min的条件下,ox-TMB的吸光度随...     

基于免疫磁球的埃博拉病毒糖蛋白高灵敏比色检测

用免疫磁球捕获埃博拉病毒糖蛋白,与生物素化抗体形成免疫夹心复合物,然后链霉亲和素标记辣根过氧化物酶(SA-HRP)催化3,3',5,5'-四甲基联苯胺(TMB)进行显色,通过370 nm处吸光度对病毒糖蛋白进行定量。对免疫磁球进行了免疫荧光表征,通过对照实验验证方法的可靠性,并对检测条件进行了优化。结果表明,吸光度与病毒糖蛋白浓度在1.0~25.0 ng/m L内呈线性关系,检出限达到0.18 ng/m L。该方法重现性较好,特异性好,抗干扰能力强,可实现复杂样品中埃博拉病毒的检测。     

PAP-H2O2-HRP伏安酶联免疫分析新体系测定人血清总甲状腺素

目前临床检测中测定总甲状腺素(T₄)的常用方法有间接血凝试验、琼脂双扩散及ELISA等方法^[1].其中ELISA法是目前较为流行的检测方法,但灵敏度不高.伏安酶联免疫分析法具有广阔的应用前景^[2,3].     

Self-assembled all-inclusive organic-inorganic nanoparticles enable cascade reaction for the detection of glucose

Traditional colorimetric glucose biosensor generally involves complex assay procedures. Free labile enzymes and peroxidase substrates are used separately for triggering a chromogenic reaction. These limits result in inferior enzyme stability and defective enzymatic catalytic efficiency, making it hard to routinely utilize them for the direct and fast test of glucose. In this work, we provide an all-inclusive substrates/enzymes nanoparticle employed 3,3′5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) as chromogenic substrates and glucose oxidase (GOx)/horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as signal amplifier enzymes (TMB-GH NPs) by the molecule self-assembly technique. The “all-inclusive” nanoparticles can realize the tandem colorimetric reactions, and the oxidation product of TMB (ox-TMB) exhibits a strong NIR laser-driven photothermal effect, thus allowing quantitative photothermal detection of glucose. Owing to the restriction of the molecular motion of GOx, HRP, and TMB, the distance of mass transfer between substrates was shortened largely, leading to improved catalytic activity for glucose. Overall, our strategy will simplify the analysis procedure, furthermore, these integrated nanoparticles not only display higher stability and activity than that of the free GOx/HRP system and possesses an excellent performance for colorimetric and photothermal bioassay of glucose simultaneously. We believe that this unique technique will give good inspirations to develop simple and precise methods for bioassay.     

OAP-H~2O~2-HRP伏安酶联免疫分析新体系测定人血清铁蛋白

首次提出邻氨基酚(OAP)-H~2O~2-辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)伏安酶联免疫分析新体系并用于人血清中铁蛋白的测定.本方法以线性扫描二阶导数伏安法栓测HRP催化H~2O~2氧化OAP的产物,用于游离HRP和各种HRP标记物的测定,灵敏度均高于经典的ELISA显色光度法.测定游HPR的线性范围为1.0x10^-^1^2-4.0x10^-^9g/mL,检测限达6.0x10^-^1^3g/mL.本法对铁蛋白测定的线性范围为0.2-320ng/mL,用所建立的方法对人血清样品进行了测定,并与现行的ELISA显色光度法进行对照,二者相关性很好.对此伏安酶联免疫分析新体系的电极还原过程也进行了详细的研究.     

Au纳米标记物增强电化学免疫分析大肠杆菌的研究

通过在Au纳米颗粒表面修饰辣根过氧化酶(HRP)标记的大肠杆菌抗体制备了一种新型的Au纳米标记物, 并将该纳米标记物应用于增强电化学免疫分析大肠杆菌. 经过酶联免疫反应后, Au纳米标记物、免疫磁性颗粒(IMB)和大肠杆菌形成了IMB/抗体-大肠杆菌-Au纳米标记物的三明治式免疫复合物. 以3,3,5,5-四甲基联苯二胺(TMB)溶液作为底物, 采用电化学与流动注射检测(FIA)相结合的技术测定HRP的活性. 检测到的电流大小与免疫复合物上HRP的量成正比, 从而与大肠杆菌的浓度成正比. Au纳米颗粒增加了HRP的负载量, 增强了电化学信号, 大大提高了大肠杆菌的检测灵敏度. 实验结果表明, 大肠杆菌浓度在 1.0×102～5.0×104 cfu•mL－1范围内与电流大小成线性相关, 最低检测限达50 cfu•mL－1, 若对大肠杆菌样品溶液进行预浓缩, 将得到更宽的检测范围和更低的检测限. 本方法总的分析时间比其他方法短, 在1 h内就能完成对大肠杆菌样品的快速检测.     

Chemiluminescence lateral flow immunoassay based on Pt nanoparticle with peroxidase activity

A lateral flow immunoassay (LF-immunoassay) with an enhanced sensitivity and thermostability was developed by using Pt nanoparticles with a peroxidase activity. The Pt nanoparticles were synthesized by citrate reduction method, and the peroxidase activity of Pt nanoparticles was optimized by adjusting reaction conditions. The peroxidase activity was estimated by using Michaelis–Menten kinetics model with TMB as a chromogenic substrate. The kinetics parameters of K_M and V_max were calculated and compared with horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The thermal stability of the Pt nanoparticles was compared with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) according to the storage temperature and long-term storage period. The feasibility of lateral flow immunoassay with a chemiluminescent signal band was demonstrated by the detection of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) as a model analyte, and the sensitivity was determined to be improved by as much as 1000-fold compared to the conventional rapid test based on colored gold-colloids.     

MAP-H~2O~2-HPR伏安酶联免疫分析新体系和光谱及电化学研究

提出了间氨基酸(MAP)-H~2O~2-辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)伏安酶联免疫分析新体系.本方法以线性扫描二阶导数伏安法检测HRP催化H~2O~2氧化MAP的产物,用于游离HRP和各种HRP标记物的测定,灵敏度均高于经典的ELISA显色光度法.测定游离HRP的线性范围为1.0x10^-^8-1.0x10-6/L,检测限达3.8x10^-^9g/L.制备出了HRP催化H~2O~2氧化MAP的产物纯品并应用电化学分析,高效液相色谱,元素分析,紫外-可见光谱,红外光谱,^1H核磁共振谱,^1^3C核磁共振谱及质谱等技术对体系酶促反应进行了深入的研究.在选择的酶促反应条件下,生成的产物为2-氨基-5-[(3-差苯基)]-2,5-环己烯基-1,4-二酮.提出了酶催化反应机理及其产物的电极还原过程。     

Determination of glucose using a coupled-enzymatic reaction with new fluoride selective optical sensing polymeric film coated in microtiter plate wells

The determination of glucose in beverages is demonstrated using newly developed fluoride selective optical sensing polymeric film that contains aluminum (III) octaethylporphyrin (Al[OEP]) ionophore and the chromoionophore ETH7075 cast at the bottom of wells of a 96-well polypropylene microtiter plate. The method uses a dual enzymatic reaction involving glucose oxidase enzyme (GOD) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP), along with an organofluoro-substrate (4-fluorophenol) as the source of fluoride ions. The concentration of fluoride ions after enzymatic reaction is directly proportional to the glucose level in the sample. The method has a detection limit of 0.8 mmol L⁻¹, a linear range of 0.9-40 mmol L⁻¹ and a sensitivity of 0.125 absorbance/decade of glucose concentration. Glucose levels in several beverage samples determined using the proposed method correlate well with a reference spectrophotometric enzyme method based on detection of hydrogen peroxide using bromopyrogallol red dye (BPR). The new method can also be used to determine H₂O₂ concentrations in the 0.1-50 mmol L⁻¹ range using a single enzymatic reaction involving H₂O₂ oxidation of 4-fluorophenol catalyzed by HRP. The methodology could potentially be used to detect a wide range of substrates for which selective oxidase enzymes exist (to generate H₂O₂), with the high throughput of simple microtiter plate detection scheme.     

Detection of TMV with ODA-H(2)O(2)-HRP voltammetric enzyme-linked immunoassay system

o-Dianisidine (ODA)-H₂O₂-horseradish peroxidase (HRP) voltammetric enzyme-linked immunoassay system has firstly been used for the detection of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). HRP catalyzes strongly the oxidation reaction of ODA by H₂O₂, the product of which produces a sensitive second order derivative linear sweep voltammetric peak at potential of −0.56 V (versus SCE) in Britton–Robinson (BR) buffer. HRP activity has been measured with this voltammetric peak and TMV detected through immunoreaction. The detection limit for HRP is 9.25×10^-7 mU l⁻¹ and the linear range is 2.5×10⁻⁶–5.0×10⁻⁴ mU l⁻¹. The detection limit for the clarified TMV is 0.25 ng ml⁻¹ and the highest dilution ratio detected for the infected leaf sap is 1:8×10⁵. The sensitivity for TMV detection with this method is higher than that with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent spectrophotometric assay (ELISA) using ODA-H₂O₂-HRP system. The processes of the enzyme-catalyzed reaction and the electro-reduction of the product of the enzyme-catalyzed reaction have been described.     

MAP-H2O2-HRP伏安酶联免疫分析测定南方菜豆花叶病毒

提出间氨基酚(MAP)-H₂O₂-辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)伏安酶联免疫分析新体系,并用于南方菜豆花叶病毒(SBMV)的测定.以线性扫描二阶导数伏安法检测HRP催化H₂O₂氧化MAP的产物,用于游离HRP及SBMV的测定,灵敏度均高于经典的ELISA显色光度法.本法对HRP测定的线性范围为1.0×10^-8～1.0×10^-6g/L,检测限为3.8×10^-9g/L;对SBMV测定的线性范围为4.0～5000ng/mL,检测限为4.0ng/mL.用所建立的方法测定病毒感染病叶澄清液的最高稀释比为1∶1.5×10⁵,并与现行的ELISA显色光度法进行对照,二者相关性很好.