二茂铁巯基化合物/金纳米粒子/还原石墨烯修饰电化学传感器检测Cu~(2+)

通过Hummer法进一步还原合成还原石墨烯(RGO),Shifft碱反应合成新型二茂铁巯基化合物(FcSH)。利用还原石墨烯吸附性将石墨烯修饰在玻碳电极(GCE)上,在石墨烯表面电沉积金纳米粒子(AuNPs),通过自组装制备还原石墨烯和二茂铁巯基修饰电化学传感器(FcSH/AuNPs/RGO/GCE),该电化学传感器具有大的比表面积和富电子性能。实验显示,在0.01 mol/L HCl中,富集时间为180s,Cu~(2+)浓度在1.0×10~(-12)~1.0×10~(-11)mol/L与1.0×10~(-11)~1.0×10~(-10)mol/L范围内与方波伏安峰电流分别呈现良好的线性关系,检出限为0.94×10~(-12)mol/L。该电化学传感器对Cu~(2+)的检测表现出较好的选择性、高的稳定性和灵敏性,可用于环境中痕量Cu~(2+)的测定。     

聚天青I/石墨烯修饰电极的电化学行为及对亚硝酸根的检测

制备了聚天青I/石墨烯修饰玻碳电极。用循环伏安法研究了溶液pH,扫描速率对聚天青I/石墨烯修饰电极的电化学行为的影响及修饰电极对NO-2的电催化作用。利用示差脉冲伏安技术检测NO-2,NO-2浓度在1.0×10-7~1.0×10-5mol/L的范围内,其氧化峰电流与浓度呈现良好的线性关系,检出限为3.7×10-8mol/L(S/N=3)。修饰电极已用于水体中NO-2的检测。     

电化学方法制备石墨烯-铁氰化镍复合物及对抗坏血酸的电催化氧化研究

采用电化学还原方法制备了铁氰化镍-石墨烯复合薄膜电极,扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表征电还原石墨烯和铁氰化镍-石墨烯复合材料的表面形貌。采用循环伏安和计时电流技术研究了该修饰电极对抗坏血酸(AA)的电催化氧化性能,据此建立了一种测定AA的电化学分析新方法。由于石墨烯和铁氰化镍纳米颗粒之间的协同效应,使得该复合修饰电极对抗坏血酸具有优异的电催化活性。在0.1 mol/L pH 7.00的PBS溶液中,抗坏血酸的催化氧化电流与其浓度在1.0×10-4~7.0×10-4mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为3.1×10-5mol/L(S/N)。     

聚黄苓苷/还原氧化石墨烯修饰电极的制备及对羟胺的检测

通过电聚合的方法制备了聚黄苓苷/还原氧化石墨烯修饰电极,采用扫描电子显微镜和循环伏安法对制备的电极进行了表征和研究。结果表明:该修饰电极对羟胺具有明显的电催化作用。采用计时电流技术对羟胺进行检测,在1.0×10~(-7)~1.1×10~(-4)mol/L的浓度范围内,羟胺的计时电流响应信号和其浓度成良好的线性关系,检测限为52 nmol/L(S/N=3)。该修饰电极能够用于羟胺的样品分析。     

基于铜离子与DNA相互作用的铜离子检测

利用铜离子(Cu~(2+))可与DNA分子中的碱基相互作用形成络合物的性质,将Cu~(2+)富集在DNA修饰电极表面,进而采用微分脉冲伏安法(DPV)实现了铜离子的检测.此外,由于乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)对Cu~(2+)具有更强的络合能力,富集于DNA修饰电极表面的Cu~(2+)很容易被洗脱液中的EDTA络合,从而实现修饰电极的再生和重复利用.实验结果表明,在最佳实验条件下,Cu~(2+)浓度在2.0×10-6~1.0×10-5mol/L和2.0×10-5~1.0×10-4mol/L范围内与其相对还原峰电流强度(I-I0)呈良好的线性关系,且该传感器简单、稳定,可循环使用.     

鸟嘌呤在聚L-甲硫氨酸/石墨烯修饰电极上的电化学行为及测定

制备了聚L-甲硫氨酸/石墨烯修饰的玻碳电极,该电极在0.1 mol/L的磷酸盐缓冲溶液(p H 7.0)中对鸟嘌呤的氧化具有明显的电催化作用。采用循环伏安法(CV)考察了p H值、扫描速率对鸟嘌呤电化学行为的影响。利用示差脉冲伏安法(DPV)对鸟嘌呤进行测定,结果表明在3.6×10-7~4.0×10-5mol/L浓度范围内鸟嘌呤的氧化峰电流与其浓度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.990 4,检出限(S/N=3)为5.0×10-8mol/L。该修饰电极还具有较好的稳定性和重现性。     

鸟嘌呤在铂纳米/壳聚糖/石墨烯修饰玻碳电极上的电化学行为及测定

制备了铂纳米/壳聚糖/石墨烯修饰电极。研究了鸟嘌呤(G)在修饰电极上的电化学行为。结果表明,该修饰电极对G的氧化具有明显的电催化作用。利用示差脉冲伏安法(DPV)对G进行检测,在0.1~10μmol/L浓度范围内,G的氧化峰电流和浓度成良好的线性关系,线性方程为I(μA)=2.08-1.92c(×10~(-5)mol/L),相关系数为0.9977,检测限为32 nmol/L(S/N=3)。该修饰电极用于血清样品中G的检测。     

单壁碳纳米管-氧化石墨烯复合修饰电极测定邻苯二酚

制备了用于测定邻苯二酚的单壁碳纳米管-氧化石墨烯复合修饰玻碳电极.用循环伏安法研究了邻苯二酚在该电极上的电化学行为.结果表明,该修饰电极对邻苯二酚具有良好的电催化性能.在最佳实验条件下,采用差分脉冲伏安法对邻苯二酚进行了测定,其氧化峰电流与邻苯二酚浓度在2×10~(-6)~1×10~(-4) mol/L范围内呈线性关系,相关系数为0.996 2,检出限为4×10~(-7) mol/L.该电极具有良好的重现性,用于模拟废水中邻苯二酚的测定结果令人满意.     

石墨烯-金纳米粒子复合膜修饰电极的制备及对双酚A的测定

采用电化学还原技术,通过一步电沉积制备了石墨烯-金纳米粒子复合膜修饰电极(ERGO-Au/GCE).采用透射电子显微镜(TEM)和循环伏安(CV)法对修饰电极进行了表征,并研究了双酚A(BPA)在该修饰电极上的电化学行为.结果表明,所制备的复合物修饰电极对双酚A有明显的电催化效果.在p H=6.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,双酚A在0.3~1.0 V扫描电位范围内有1个不可逆的氧化还原峰出现.在优化的条件下,双酚A的浓度在3.00×10-8~1.30×10-5mol/L范围内与其氧化峰电流呈线性关系,检出限为1.0×10-8mol/L(S/N=3).将该修饰电极用于饮用水和塑料制品中双酚A含量的测定,回收率为96.4%~103.5%.     

槲皮素在氧化锆修饰玻碳电极上的伏安行为及检测

制备了氧化锆修饰的玻碳电极,采用示差脉冲伏安法和循环伏安法探究了槲皮素在该电极上的电化学行为。结果表明,制备的修饰电极在pH=7.00的磷酸盐缓冲溶液（PBS）中对槲皮素的氧化还原具有明显的电催化作用。采用槲皮素的氧化峰电流作为分析信号。在浓度为2.5×10-8~5×10-5 mol/L的范围内,氧化峰电流和浓度成良好的线性关系,线性方程为ip（μA）=0.0825c-9.861 84,检出限为5.35×10-9 mol/L。     

Solvent extraction separation of In/III/-Tl/III/ and Hg/II/-Cd/II/-Co/II/ with sulphoxides

Solvent extraction studies have been made on some metals: In/III/-Tl/III/ and Hg/II/-Cd/II/-Co/II/, from ammonium thiocyanate solutions by dialkyl sulphoxides. Separation of these metals from one another can be achieved by suitable choice of the extracted conditions. The nature of the extractable metal species has been elucidated.     

Synthesis of chlorobis/β-diketonato/oxotechnetium/V/ and tris/β-diketonato/technetium/III/ complexes

Chlorobis/-diketonato/ oxotechnetium/V/ complexes [TcOCl/-dik/₂, -diketone=acetylacetone, benzoylacetone and dibenzoylmethane] were newly synthesized using macroamount of⁹⁹Tc. These complexes were further separated into geometrical isomers. Furthermore, an improvement of the yields for the syntheses of tris/-dike-tonato/technetium/III/ complexes [Tc/-dik/₃, -diketone=acetylacetone, benzoylacetone and 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone] was examined using Tc/III/-thiourea complexes as a starting material.     

Crystal structure of Na3PO4 · 12H2O

The crystal structure of trisodium monophosphate hemihydrate was determined. The space group is $\text{C2}\text{c}$ and a unit cell contains eight formula units. The unit cell dimensions of $\text{Na}{}_3\text{PO}{}_4\text{·}\text{1}\text{2}\text{H}{}_2\text{O}$ are a = 9.631(3), b = 5.416(2), c = 16.938(8) Å, β = 102.60(5)°. The final R value is 0.027 for a set of 1430 independent reflections. This atomic arrangement is mainly a three-dimensional network of distorted NaO₆ octahedra. The hydrogen bonding scheme is given.     

Simultaneous propane dehydrogenation andco2hydrogenation overCrOx/SiO2catalyst

Summary Single reverse water-gas shift (RWGS) and dehydrogenation of propane with CO₂(DH-CO₂) reactions in the presence and absence of the CrO_x/SiO₂ catalyst have been studied between 673 and 873 K. It was found that the CrO_x/SiO₂ catalyst is active both in the dehydrogenation of propane and in the RWGS reactions. The obtained results suggest that the dehydrogenation of propane to propene in the presence of CO₂on CrO_x/SiO₂can be facilitated by the RWGS reaction.</o:p>     

Direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate ?from CH3OH AND CO2 by H3PW12O40/CexTi1-xO2 catalyst

Summary Ce_xTi_1-xO₂ and H₃PW₁₂O₄₀/Ce_xTi_1-xO₂ catalysts were prepared using a sol-gel method, and applied to the direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from methanol and carbon dioxide. H₃PW₁₂O₄₀/Ce_xTi_1-xO₂ showed a better catalytic performance than the corresponding Ce_xTi_1-xO₂, due to the bifunctional catalysis of Br?nsted acid sites (provided by H₃PW₁₂O₄₀) and base sites (provided by Ce_xTi_1-xO₂). H₃PW₁₂O₄₀/Ce_0.1Ti_0.9O₂ showed the highest catalytic performance among the H₃PW₁₂O₄₀/Ce_xTi_1-xO₂ catalysts.     

Oxygen defect K2NiF4-type oxides: The compounds La2−xSrxCuO4−x2+δ

Oxygen defect K₂NiF₄-type oxides $\text{La}{}_{\mathrm{2?x}}\text{Sr}{}_{\mathrm{x}}\text{CuO}{}_{\mathrm{<mtext>4?</mtext><mtext>x</mtext><mtext>2</mtext><mtext>+\delta </mtext>}}$ have been synthesized for a wide composition range: 0 ≤ x ≤ 1.34. From the X-ray and electron diffraction study three domains have been characterized: orthorhombic compounds with La₂CuO₄ structure for 0 ≤ x < 0.10, tetragonal oxides similar to LaSrCuO₄ for 0.10 ≤ x < 1 and several superstructures derived from the tetragonal cell ( with n = 3, 4, 4.5, 5, 6) for 1 ≤ x ≤ 1.34. The compounds corresponding to 0 < x < 1 differ from the other oxides in that they are characterized by the presence of copper with two oxidation states: + 2 and + 3. A model structure for La_0.8Sr_1.2CuλO_3.4, in which copper has only the + 2 oxidation state, and for which the actual cell is tegragonal—a = 18.80₄ Å and c = 12.94 Å—has been established. The particular structural evolution of these compounds is discussed in terms of a competition between the capability of Cu(II) to be oxidized to Cu(III) and the ordering of oxygen vacancies.     

An investigation of the promotional effect of propylene or propane traces on the activity of sulfatedPt/g-Al2O3andPt-Sn/g-Al2O3inCH4combustion

Summary A strong promoting effect of the presence of C₃H₈or C₃H₆was determined for the combustion of CH₄in excess oxygen, over pre-sulfated 1%Pt/g-Al₂O₃and pre-sulfated 1%Pt-2%Sn/g-Al₂O₃catalysts.</o:p>     

A study of the spinel materials LiTi2O4 and Li43Ti53O4 by photoelectron spectroscopy

HeI-excited valence-band ultraviolet photoelectron spectra and MgKα-excited Ti-2p X-ray photoelectron spectra are reported for the spinel materials LiTi₂O₄ and $\text{Li}{}_{\mathrm{<mtext>4</mtext><mtext>3</mtext>}}\text{Ti}{}_{\mathrm{<mtext>5</mtext><mtext>3</mtext>}}\text{O}{}_4$. The presence of a Fermi edge in the ultraviolet photoelectron spectrum of LiTi₂O₄ confirms the metallic nature of this material, although the measured density of states at the Fermi energy is much lower than that expected from an independent-electron interpretation of the magnetic susceptibility. This difference is attributed to a strong interaction of the conduction electrons with the lattice vibrations. The localization of conduction electrons that occurs in the final state in the Ti-2p X-ray photoelectron spectrum of LiTi₂O₄ is attributed to a Coulomb interaction with a core hole.     

LixNi0.8-yCo0.2ZnyOp的合成及电化学性能研究

A series of single-phase Li_xNi_0.8-yCo_0.2Zn_yO_p(0.96 ≤x≤ 1.10， 0 ≤y≤ 0.05， 2 ≤p≤ 2(1+y) ) (different in the y values) were synthesized by a two-step solid state reaction method， in which LiOH·H₂O， Zn-doped spherical Ni(OH)₂ and Co₂O₃ were used as the precursors. The ICP-AES analyses proved that the Zn-doped compounds synthesized had the nonstoichiometric form. The results of the XRD， SEM identified that the uniform particles of the as-prepared materials having a good layered structure were fine， narrowly distributed and well crystallized. The electrochemical performance test was carried out and the results showed that the as-prepared Zn-doped materials had not only a high capacity， but also a better cycling stability characterization than the un-doped one. The Li_1.06Ni_0.75Co_0.22Zn_0.03O_2.03 material has an initial reversible capacity as high as 160.5mAh·g^-1; and a first discharge efficiency 89.2%， and exhibits satisfactory cyclic stability with 90% retainable capacity after 50 cycles.     

Synthesis and characterization of Ti1−2xNbxNixO2−x/2 solid solutions

Doped-rutile has been traditionally used in ceramic pigments for its intense optical properties. In this paper, we compare the classical ceramic synthesis of Ti_1−2xNb_xNi_xO_2−x/2 system with the sol-gel methodology, which allows a reduction of the anatase-rutile transformation temperature. The composition was optimised in order to obtain a unique rutile phase with the minimum amount of pollutant Ni(II) and enhanced chromatic coordinates. Incorporation of the doping ions in the rutile structure was corroborated by XRD and Rietveld refinements. The species responsible for the colour mechanism were studied by different techniques. UV-VIS spectroscopy showed the characteristic features of Ni²⁺ ions, whose existence was corroborated by EPR and magnetic measurements. From these results, (Ni,Nb)doped-TiO₂ powder samples can be now shaped as thin films, monoliths, etc. by using sol-gel methodology without modifying their properties. This study introduces new possibilities of coloured TiO₂-based solid solutions in new combined advanced applications (colouring agent and photocatalyst, etc.).