国内外大学工科专业力学课程设置情况对比

 调查了国内外若干大学机械、土木与航空宇航专业力学基础 课程的设置情况，通过对统计数据的对比、分析，揭示了力学作为 基础和专业基础在航空、机械、土木等专业培养计划中的重要性， 指出了国际工程教育中“大力学”的趋势以及相应的在教学内容上 所出现的整合与优化. 同时，文中还对国内有关专业力学基础课程 的设置与教学提出了建议.     

专业导向的基础力学课程教学初探

目前国内大多高校的工科专业本科生的基础力学课程由力学系教师承担,后续专业课则由各工科专业学院教师承担。基础力学教师的教学工作量繁重,课程学时紧张,基础力学课程不得不采用教师全堂讲述式的大班制,讲授也并不区分学生专业。基础力学教学任务繁重、基础力学和专业课程教师分属不同学院、力学教师本身对工程专业不见得了解深入等客观因素都制约着基础力学课程与后续专业课程的有机衔接和融合,学生对力学概念理解不够准确、记忆不够深是基础力学学习较为普遍的问题。作者基于近十年的为工程力学专业和土木工程专业本科生教授材料力学/工程力学的教学实践,结合在担任学校教学督导四年的时间里在听土木、机械等工科专业的各门专业课时与学生和教师交流得到的教学一线信息,对基础力学课程教学如何服务好人才培养的目标进行了思考,并对以学生专业为导向的基础力学课程教学进行了实践和初步探索。     

MAJOR-ORIENTED TEACHING OF FUNDAMENTAL MECHANICS COURSES

目前国内大多高校的工科专业本科生的基础力学课程由力学系教师承担,后续专业课则由各工科专业学院教师承担。基础力学教师的教学工作量繁重,课程学时紧张,基础力学课程不得不采用教师全堂讲述式的大班制,讲授也并不区分学生专业。基础力学教学任务繁重、基础力学和专业课程教师分属不同学院、力学教师本身对工程专业不见得了解深入等客观因素都制约着基础力学课程与后续专业课程的有机衔接和融合,学生对力学概念理解不够准确、记忆不够深是基础力学学习较为普遍的问题。作者基于近十年的为工程力学专业和土木工程专业本科生教授材料力学/工程力学的教学实践,结合在担任学校教学督导四年的时间里在听土木、机械等工科专业的各门专业课时与学生和教师交流得到的教学一线信息,对基础力学课程教学如何服务好人才培养的目标进行了思考,并对以学生专业为导向的基础力学课程教学进行了实践和初步探索。     

计算力学课程体系建设与思考————- 基于调查问卷分析

 通过对部分力学专业本科生和研究生的问卷调查, 了解学生对计算力学相关 方法与知识的掌握与使用情况, 并结合对学生相关调查现状分析的基础上, 探讨了计算 力学课程的内容与模式. 结合计算力学系列课程的开设与实践, 阐述了计算力学课程体系建 设与改革的一些思想和做法.     

力学系列课程改革的思考

本文研究了涉及力学教育的各门课程所组成的力学系列课程，提出用系统工程观点对系列课程进行整体改革和改革方案．文章结合改革的初步实践和所取得的成果，深入探讨了系列课程改革的必要性和可行性．     

第九届全国周培源大学生力学竞赛通知

 为了培养人才、服务教学、促进高等学校力学基础课程的改革与建设,增进青年学生学习力学的兴趣,培养分析、解决实际问题的能力,发现力学创新人才, 为青年学子提供一个展示基础知识和思维能力的舞台, 受教育部高等教育司委托,教育部高等学校力学教学指导委员会力学基础课程教学指导分委员会、中国力学学会和周培源基金会将于2013 年5 月19 日共同主办"第九届全国周培源大学生力学竞赛". 本次竞赛由《力学与实践》编委会和中国力学学会教育工作委员会承办,中国力学学会教育、科普工作委员会、四川大学、西南交通大学和南京航空航天大学协办.     

高等工程教育中力学课程改革的理论和实践

 在界定高等工程教育中基础力学课程含义的基础上,讨论了它的改革的必要性、综合的 理论基础以及整体优化和现代化趋势诸方面的有关问题. 同时也讨论了基础力学课程的习题 的命题法体系. 最后还对基础力学课程的实(试)验中如何节省大量实验设备投入资金和可观的 实验费用提出了一个可以试行的建议.     

搭建平台、强化交流、以赛促教、提升质量——全国六届基础力学青年教师讲课比赛概况与思考

阐述了教育部高等学校力学基础课程教学指导委员会历经12年组织的全国历届基础力学青年教师讲课比赛内容与要求、比赛办法、比赛组织程序和组织原则等概况,以及比赛中呈现的各种有益现象与存在的问题,进一步分析了全国普通高等学校基础力学课程教学现状与教学质量状况.希望通过这些分析对基础力学教学未来以及质量监控等提供一些经验与方法,并得以在普通高等学校基础力学教学中推广和借鉴.     

关于基础力学课程教学改革的思考

基于对我国基础力学课程教学现状的思考,针对教学内容、专业体制和师资培训等方面提出了若干改革设想．     

非力学专业力学课程优化的研究与实践

 为了打牢测控工程专业本科生的力学基础, 在分析非力学专业应 用力学课程教学过程中存在的不合理性的基础上, 从理清结构框架、深化基础理论、加强工程应用的角度, 着重围 绕``基础力学部分'和``应用力学部分'的讲授重点、工程实际等方面, 有针对性地提出了 该专业导弹应用力学课程内容体系优化的基本思路和具体做法, 并通过教学实践活动对课程 体系优化进行了大胆的探索和尝试, 已取得的成果说明了优化研究的有效性.     

Hydraulic modeling of the flow in the delta of the River Neva and in the eastern part of the Gulf of Finland

In connection with the construction of Leningrad's flood defenses the flow in the mouth of River Neva has been investigated on hydraulic models of different scales both unpressurized (see, for example, [1, 2]) and pressurized (see, for example, [3]). Since the results of these investigations are being intensively debated in connection with the discussion of the effect of defensive structures on the ecology of the Leningrad region, it is important to analyze the scientific basis for the hydraulic modeling of such flows.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Mekhanika Zhidkosti i Gaza, No. 5, pp. 57–65, September–October, 1990.     

Changes in the experimentalist's role in the future of mechanics

At present there exist considerable opportunities for experimental studies. In large part this prognosis derives from the observation that analytical capability has, to some extent, outstripped our detailed understanding of many aspects of engineering concerns, so that there exists a need for providing input into the modeling of mechanics (of materials) problems. This favorable situation is supported by increasingly sophisticated experimental methods which, in turn, depend heavily on the computer, as well as on optical and other field methods. Examples are given that illustrate the gradual transition of macroscopic material related studies to those that require submicron resolution as demanded by ever increasing relevance in advanced materials related research. Paper was invited lecture at the 1995 SEM Spring Conference on Experimental Mechanics held in Grand Rapids, MI on June 12–14.     

Influence of the macrotransport processes in gases on the change in the hydrodynamic parameters in the presence of a resonance radiation pulse

The effect of a resonance radiation pulse on the gas parameters is investigated. It is assumed that the pulse duration is large enough for the diffusion and heat conduction to be taken into account. It is shown that the diffusion and heat conduction may be significantly influenced by the processes of excitation of the internal degrees of freedom of the molecules.Translated from Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk, Mekhanika Zhidkosti i Gaza, No.4, pp. 120–128, July–August, 1992.     

Symmetrization of the tensor operator of the compatibility equations in stresses in the anisotropic theory of elasticity

The general form of the term whose addition to the left-hand side of the compatibility equation in stresses in anisotropic elasticity symmetrizes the rank four differential tensor operator of these equations is obtained. In the case of an arbitrary type of anisotropy, this term contains two arbitrary parameters of dimension of elastic compliances. The symmetrized compatibility equations themselves contain only one of these parameters, and the combination of the terms with this parameter can be separated from the terms containing the tensor of elastic compliances.     

Criterion of Hyperbolicity in Hyperelasticity in the Case of the Stored Energy in Separable Form

We consider the equations of hyperelasticity for isotropic solids in the Eulerian coordinates in a special case where the specific stored energy is a sum of two functions. The first one, the hydrodynamic part of the energy, depends only on the solid density and the entropy, and the second one, the shear energy, depends on the invariants of the Finger tensor in such a way that it is unaffected by the volume change. A new sufficient criterion of hyperbolicity for such a system is formulated: if the sound velocity is real and a symmetric 3×3 matrix determined in terms of the shear energy is positive definite on a one-parameter family of surfaces of the unit-determinant deformation gradient, the equations are hyperbolic.     

The evaluation of the surface impedance in the theory of the anomalous skin effect in metals

Summary A simple method is described for obtaining series expansions for the integrals which represent the surface impedance in the theory of the anomalous skin effect in metals. The results agree with those recently obtained by Dingle¹) by means of an intuitive procedure.     

Modeling the disturbances in the lake Chebarkul caused by the fall of the meteorite in 2013

The results of numerical simulation of the possible hydrodynamic disturbances in lake Chebarkul caused by the fall of the meteorite in 2013 are presented. In the calculations the system of Navier–Stokes equations is used. The entry of the meteorite into the water at an angle of 20° is modeled. The numerical experiments are performed both with and without account for the ice cover of the lake. The dimensions of the ice cover disruption are evaluated. The dimensions of the ice-hole observable in the place of the meteorite fall are shown to be in good agreement with the theoretical predictions and the preliminary estimations.     

Generalized logistic growth modeling of the COVID-19 outbreak: comparing the dynamics in the 29 provinces in China and in the rest of the world

Nonlinear Dynamics - Started in Wuhan, China, the COVID-19 has been spreading all over the world. We calibrate the logistic growth model, the generalized logistic growth model, the generalized...     

Changes in the type of the shock-wave structure in high-velocity flows

Physical aspects of nonuniqueness of shock-wave structures in supersonic and hypersonic flows are considered. Thermodynamic conditions determining the dual solution domains are analyzed, and the boundaries of the transition from Mach to regular reflection are examined.Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 46, No. 2, pp. 23–32, March–April, 2005.