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1.
给体-受体体系分子内光致电子转移反应研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
对一类以9,10-二甲氧基蒽为给体,双酚A为连接链连接不同受体的电子给体-受体体系,通过单光子计数法测定荧光寿命,计算了各体系内的光致电子转移反应速率常数,通过测定氧化还原电位,计算出各电子给体-受体体系电子转移反应的自由能变化.并根据电子转移反应理论对光致电子转移速率常数与自由能变化关系进行了理论计算分析,发现本文各体系的光致电子转移速率常数的实验值与电子转移反应理论曲线吻合得比较好,同时也揭示在该类给体-受体体系中未出现电子转移反转区的原因在于电子转移过程自由能变化(-ΔG)没有足够大。  相似文献   

2.
对一类以9,10-二甲氧基蒽为给体,双酚A为连接链连接不同受体的电子给体-受体体系,通过单光子计数法测定荧光寿命,计算了体系的光致电子转移反应速率常数;通过测定氧化还原电位,计算出各电子给体-受体体系电子转移反应的自由能变化。并根据电子转移反应理论对光致电子转移速率常数与自由能变化关系进行了理论计算分析,发现本文各体系的光致电子转移速率常数的实验值与电子转移反应理论曲线吻合得比较好,同时也揭示在该  相似文献   

3.
基于半经典电子转移理论,结合量子化学计算,城HF/DZP水平上,研究外电场作用下平行的苯分子-苯正离子自由基体系(C6H4)2^+的分子内电子转移问题。在给体和受体几何构型优化的基础上,用线性反应坐标确定电子转移过渡态,分别用两态变分方法和基于Koopmans定理的分子轨道跃迁能方法计算电子转移矩阵元VAB,讨论了VAB对给体和受体中心距d的指数衰减关系,取中心距为0.6nm,研究了外电场对反应热  相似文献   

4.
基于苝酸酯受体光伏器件的性能表征   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
近十几年来,基于有机聚合物半导体材料的太阳能电池,由于具有价格低廉,易于加工,不受材料种类限制和易于制备大面积柔性器件等优点,而受到极大关注.自从1992年发现从共轭聚合物的基态到富勒烯存在光诱导电子转移现象以来,有机聚合物太阳能电池的研究取得了较大进展,研究较多的是共轭聚合物为给体(D),富勒烯为受体(A)的体系,能量转换效率可达3.3%,苝酸酯是一类液晶材料,其结构高度有序且含有4个吸电子的酰基,使得它们适合电子传输,且在普通有机溶剂中具有良好的溶解性,与共轭聚合物有较好的相容性,因此可制成薄膜,本文的研究表明,苝酸酯也是一类良好的电子受体,与共轭聚合物给体匹配,可用于制备光伏器件——太阳能电池。  相似文献   

5.
分离处理π σ π体系中的给体 ,受体和σ桥体 ,在HF/4 31G和HF/DZP水平上优化了联苯 ,联苯负离子自由基 ,萘和萘负离子自由基的几何构型 ,计算了分子间电子转移的内重组能 .取线性反应坐标R =0 .5 ,在STO 3G水平上用变分原理和分子轨道跃迁能方法 ,计算了π σ π体系自交换反应的电子转移矩阵元 .对交叉反应体系 ,沿线性反应坐标搜寻最小轨道能级分裂Δmin,确定了电子转移矩阵元和过渡态构型 .用Marcus双球模型计算液相电子转移的溶剂重组能 ,结合半经典模型计算了几种以联苯负离子自由基为给体 ,联苯和萘为受体的π σ π体系分子内电子转移速率常数 .  相似文献   

6.
用半经验AM1方法以及从头算方法在3-21G和6-31G*基组水平上研究了从氰基苯阴离子到CO2的电子转移过程.结果表明,对于先驱物(precursor),三种计算方法得出的给体、受体间的距离分别为0.2728nm(AM1)、0.2479nm(UHF/3-21G)和0.2769nm(UHF/6-31G*).在这样短的距离内给体的HOMO与受体的LUMO轨道具有相当程度的重叠,应产生较强的相互作用,说明此反应是内球电子转移反应,从而解释了此类体系的电子转移反应不符合Marcus理论的原因.计算给出先驱物的束缚能为0.19eV(AM1)和0.26eV(6-31G*)  相似文献   

7.
用电子转移的半经典模型和量子化学半经验方法对色氨酸-酪氨酸二肽体系进行电子转移动力学参数计算.用AM1方法分别优化给体、受体和桥体几何构型,用线性反应坐标的构造了给体和受体分子间电子转移的双势阱,得到两透热势能面交叉处的反应坐标为R=(约等于)0.10,并确定了反应的内重组能及反应热.对色氨酰酪氨酸和酪氨酰色氨酸体系进行闭壳层HF自洽场计算,按Koopmans定理计算体系分子轨道分裂能值A(三角形),在R约为0处发现了A(三角形)的极小值,从而获得色氨酰酪氨酸及酪氨酰色氨酸体系分子内电子转移的电子转移矩阵元V~D~A分别为0.96kJ.mol^-^1和0.87kJ.mol^-^1.采用Marcus双球模型估算反应的溶剂重组能为64.60kJ.mol^-^1。  相似文献   

8.
本文合成了一类以9,10-二甲氧基蒽为给体,双酚A为连接链连接不同受体的电子给体受体新体系,通过稳态荧光光谱及时间分辨荧光光谱研究了它们的光致电子转移反应,并通过测定氧化还原电位,计算出各电子给个受体体系电子转移反应的自由能变化。结果表明,在这一类体系中,光致电子转移速率常数与自由能变化关系符合Rehm-Weller关系式。  相似文献   

9.
基于半经典电子转移理论,结合量子化学计算,在HF/DZP水平上,研究外电场作用下平行的苯分子-苯正离子自由基体系(C6H4)2+的分子内电子转移问题.在给体和受体几何构型优化的基础上,用线性反应坐标确定电子转移过渡态,分别用两态变分方法和基于Koopmans定理的分子轨道跃迁能方法计算电子转移矩阵元VAB,讨论了VAB对给体和受体中心距d的指数衰减关系.取中心距为0.6nm,研究了外电场对反应热的影响,计算得到在不同外电场强度下分子内气相电子转移的速率常数k.  相似文献   

10.
电子给受体复合物中电荷转移吸收光谱和溶剂效应   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
用MP2/6-31G**方法研究了二氯甲烷溶剂分子与电子给体、受体以及电子给受体复合物间的相互作用,结果表明,二氯甲烷与电子受体和电子给受体复合物间有弱氢键相互作用.利用CIS/6-31++G**方法研究了溶剂与溶质分子间形成氢键对激发态的影响.自然键电荷分析表明,电子给受体复合物的S0→S1跃迁导致一个电子从电子给体转移到受体.结合非平衡溶剂化处理和自洽反应场方法研究了溶剂分子与复合物间形成氢键时的电荷转移吸收光谱.计算表明氢键作用导致复合物的电荷转移吸收光谱蓝移.  相似文献   

11.
合成了叶啉与酞菁以共价键连接起来的双发色团分子。测定了它们的吸收光谱,荧光光谱,荧光寿命等。计算了分子内能量传递过程的效率(φEnT)及速率常数(κEnT)。结果表明:在稀溶液中,卟啉与酞菁等克分子混合时,观察不到分子间能量传递过程现象的发生;而双发色团分子的分子内能量传递过程则明显发生了,其效率(φEnT=13~70%)与速率常数(κEnT=1.2×107~2.0×108s-1)取决于分子的结构类型。电子转移与能量传递过程与介质性质有关。在极性溶剂中有利于电子转移过程的进行,而不利于能量传递过程;在非极性溶剂中,则有利于能量传递过程的进行,而不利于电子转移。 选择性激发酞菁发色团,观测到了只有电子转移发生的过程,其电子转移效率达到38%。  相似文献   

12.
Abstract— Given the pre-eminent roles of photoinduced electron transfer and energy transfer as primary events in photobiology, it is incumbent on practitioners of the science to understand those principles which govern these elementary events. Recent developments in both theory and experiment on photoinduced electron transfer have allowed for important insights into understanding the factors governing such steps. For example, shown in Fig. 1 is a representation of the positions of the chromophores in the photosynthetic reaction center of Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides, as determined from crystallographic measurements (Chang et al., 1986), showing that its three dimensional arrangement within an intact membrane is analogous to that observed earlier in Rhodopseudomonas viridis (Deisenhofer et al., 1984). In both systems, the critical event of photosynthesis is the transfer of an electron from the photoexcited special pair of bacteriochlorophylls located at the top via the pheophytin at the far right to the quinone at the bottom which acts as an ultimate repository for the separated charge. Of great importance is a determination of those factors which govern the efficiency and the rate of electron transfer through this photoinduced cascade and a better understanding of how this fixed, prearranged structure maximizes the efficiency of photochemical energy storage. Although the reaction center represents nature's most graphic and most detailed connection between the experimental and theoretical models of photoinduced electron transfer, much of the physical insight into this process has been developed on simpler organic molecules. Rattier than focusing on the details of photosynthesis, this article will concentrate on recent developments in model systems which evaluate the relative importance of factors influencing the efficiency and rates of excited state induced electron transfer. We introduce these concepts at a level appropriate for the scientifically literate biologist who has not heretofore been concerned with such details. Since this is an overview article, few citations of the original literature will appear, and the interested reader should refer to any number of excellent topical reviews which consider specific aspects of photoinduced electron transfer for further investigation (Fox and Chanon, 1989; Pac and Oshitani, 1989).  相似文献   

13.
14.
15.
本文对含色氨酸,酪氨酸的钛链,含硫氨基酸的钛链及磷酰化肽链中的电子转移的研究情况进行了归纳和评述。  相似文献   

16.
PHOTOINDUCED ELECTRON TRANSFER IN A CAROTENOBUCKMINSTERFULLERENE DYAD   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
A carotenoid-fullerene dyad has been synthesized by condensing a carotenoid amine with an acid group attached to C60 by a cyclopropane-based linkage. The lowest excited singlet state of the fullerene is strongly quenched by electron transfer from the carotenoid moiety to generate the charge-separated species Car+-C60.-. In CS2 solution Car+-C60.- has a rise time of 0.8 ps and decays by charge recombination in 534 ps. Light absorbed by either chromophore produces a high yield of Car+-C60.-, which implies that internal conversion in the carotenoid is negligible. The lowest triplet level in the dyad is localized on the carotenoid and is populated in low yield from the charge-separated species. The sensitization of singlet oxygen by the fullerene component is effectively curtailed in the dyad.  相似文献   

17.
合成了两个N,N′-取代的靛蓝染料,反式-N,N′-双对硝基苯甲酰基靛蓝(1)和反式N,N′-双间硝基苯甲酰基靛蓝(Ⅱ)。研究了这两个染料与电子给体(胺类化合物)或与电子受体(紫精化合物)之间的电子转移。结果表明,这两个染料在激发单重态经荧光猝灭,被紫精猝灭的速度常数(kq)比被胺猝灭的速度常数大。  相似文献   

18.
Abstract

Metal carbonyl anions exhibit one- and two-electron reactions. The two-electron processes involving transfer of groups (hydrogen, alkyl, and halogen) between metal centers are related to the nucleophilicity. The one-electron processes are primarily outer-sphere electron transfer for the metal carbonyl anions. These reactions are observed in the presence of oxidants such as coordination complexes, pyridinium salts, metal carbonyl dimers and metal carbonyl clusters. However, in contrast to organic reactions, the metal carbonyl anions may undergo inner-sphere electron transfer. Reactions of metal carbonyl anions of low nucleophilicity with metal carbonyl cations or halides are best interpreted as inner-sphere, one-electron transfer.  相似文献   

19.
Abstract— The photochemistry of phthalocyanine particles suspended in a fluid has been investigated. In alcoholic media, these particles were shown to be capable of reducing benzoquinone and oxidizing hydroquinone. In aqueous media the light induced formation of superoxide was detected. This reaction could be substantially enhanced by addition of EDTA. The role of surfactant in the photoproduction of superoxide is associated with the charge acquired by the particle as a result of the surfactant used. These results can be explained in terms of the band model for semiconductors where band bending by surfactant molecules is invoked. Such studies have relevance to photoevents occurring in photosynthesis, photocatalysis and to the types of solar energy conversion systems where a photoactive semiconductor interfaces with an aqueous medium.  相似文献   

20.
用ESR研究了菲醌(PQ)、四氟对寒醌(TClQ)、2,3-二氯-5,6-二氰苯醌(DDQ)和苯醌(BQ)与三乙胺、(Et3bN)的电子转移反应过程。实验结果表明,醌上取代基吸电子能力越强,越易与Et3N反应,但所形成半醌负离子自由基的稳定性,则并未有此规律,而是由自由基终止机理所决定。由实验得到了DDQ与Et3N的表变曲线。本文讨论了DDQ与Et3N反应的机理,并得其反应的微分方程,用实验拟合曲线确定速率常数。然后,对该方程求解,与实验曲线比较初步确定了该反应的历程。  相似文献   

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