论负熵

19世纪出现了两种对立发展观并存的现象,一种是从热力学第二定律推演出的宇宙退化观,另一种是达尔文的生命进化观.理论的突破得益于负熵概念的提出及普利高津在负熵概念基础上发展起来的耗散结构理论,该理论合理解释了热力学定律与生命现象的统一性.生命体需要不断与环境进行物质、能量、信息交换以维持生命活动,生命以负熵为生.虽然香农和维纳在不同的领域通过数理逻辑的方式独立得出了信息就是负熵的结论,但对于信息的本质及信息与负熵的关系仍存争议.人类社会属于双重耗散系统,人类一方面需要消耗负熵以维持个体生存及社会活动,另一方面人类高度发达的大脑又是社会负熵之源,社会与环境之间的负熵过程包括输入、利用、输出和反馈四个环节,人类社会在创造文明的同时对环境的影响和破坏也越来越大.

On the Negentropy

In the 19th century, there is a phenomenon that two opposite views of development co-exist. One is the universe degradation view deduced from the second law of thermodynamics, the other is Darwin＇s evolutionary theory. The theoretical breakthrough benefits from the concept of negentropy and Prigogine＇s dissipative structure theory based on the negentropy which reasonably explains the unity between the laws of thermodynamics and the life phenomena. As life need to continually exchange material, energy and information with environment for life order and activity, life lives on the negentropy. Although Shannon and Weiner independently drew the conclusion that the information＇ was the negentropy from the different fields by way of mathematical logic, the nature of information and the relationship between information and negentropy remain controversial problem. As a dual dissipative system, human society need to consume negentropy to maintain the individual survival and social activities; on the other hand, the highly developed human brain is the source of social negentropy. The negentropy process between the society and the environment includes four links, such as input, use, output and feedback. The impact and destruction on the environment by human society is becoming more and more serious when human beings create civilization.