Systematic trends in the transport mean free path with electron energy and atomic number |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York Y01 5DD, UK;2. Department of Electronics, University of York, Heslington, York Y01 5DD, UK;1. Institute of Radiation Medicine, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany;2. Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal;3. Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3 UMR 5822, Villeurbanne, France;4. Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China;5. Normandie University, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CEA, CNRS, CIMAP, UMR 6252, BP 5133, F-14070 Caen Cedex 05, France;6. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany;7. Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France;8. Alferov Federal State Budgetary Institution of Higher Education and Science Saint Petersburg National Research Academic University of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia;9. TranslaTUM, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany;10. Nuctech Company Limited, Beijing, China;11. Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Braunschweig, Germany;12. Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Department of Radiation Oncology, Boston, MA, USA;13. Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China;1. Micro and Nanotechnology Program, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey;2. Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey;1. Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, PR China;2. Jiangxi Advanced Copper Industry Research Institute, Yingtan 335000, PR China;1. College of Material Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China;2. National Engineering Research Center for Magnesium Alloys, Chongqing 400044, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China;2. Key Laboratory of Non-ferrous Metal Alloys and Processing, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China |
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| Abstract: | The inelastic mean free path, λi, and the transport mean free path, λtr, hold the key to understanding the effects of elastic scattering of electrons in electron spectroscopy techniques such as Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Systematic trends in the variation of λtr and χ=λi/λtr with atomic number, Z, and electron energy, E, are explored using the differential elastic scattering cross-section data of Czyzewski et al. (J. Appl. Phys., 68 (1990) 3066). At low Z, λtr increases with energy in accord with the predictions of the Born approximation, but at higher Z, a more complex behaviour is revealed. In the first and second transition metal series, χ varies little with energy over much of the kinetic energy range probed in XPS in accord with the energy scaling ideas from the semi-classical scattering theory of Tilinin (Soviet Physics JETP, 67 (1992) 1570). In the third transition series, a pronounced minimum is found at around 200 eV, with χ for Au lower than for the corresponding transition metals. The results identify regions of the periodic table where elastic scattering effects are particularly pronounced. |
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