Cascade multiplication of strongly non-equilibrium charge carriers in metals by low energy electron excitation |
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| Affiliation: | 1. IKGPTU, Kapurthala, Punjab, India;2. CGC Landran, Punjab, India;1. Chongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis and New Environmental Materials, College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China;2. Department of Scientific Research Management, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China;3. Institute of New Energy and Low Carbon Technology, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China;4. School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;5. Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China;1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, P.O. Box 179, Ardabil, Iran;2. Fuel Cell & Battery Division, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, 196, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India;1. Department of Environmental Science, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, PR China;2. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, PR China;3. Department of Environmental Engineering, Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, PR China;1. Department of Anesthesiology & Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi''an Jiaotong University, Xi''an, China;2. School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China;3. Department of Neurology, The 904th Hospital of PLA, Medical School of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, China;4. Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Xiang''an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China;5. Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People''s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China;6. Department of Anesthesiology, Xi''an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi''an, China |
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| Abstract: | The steady-state distribution function of the energies of non-equilibrium electrons and holes formed as a result of a cascade of electron-electron collisions in the presence of a primary electron flux is found by solving the linearized transport equation in the isotropic scattering approximation. The distributions obtained in this way include dependences on the energy of primary electrons and on the characteristics of the medium. Near the Fermi level they have a singularity and are close to a power law far from this level. A study is made of the possibility of deriving distributions for crystals with a complex energy band structure (in particular, of tungsten). |
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