Spontaneous hole-clump pair creation in weakly unstable plasmas |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Physics, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden;2. Department of Physics, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden;1. Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-166 Obuchi Rokkasho, Kitakami-gun, Aomori 039-3212, Japan;2. Fusion for Energy, Torres Diagonal Litoral, B3, 13/03, Barcelona 08019, Spain;3. National institute for Fusion Science and Project leader of IFERC, 2-166 Obuchi, Rokkasho, Kamikita-gun, Aomori 039-3212, Japan;1. Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford 94305, USA;2. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy 12180, USA;3. School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116012, PR China |
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| Abstract: | A numerical simulation of a kinetic instability near threshold shows how a hole and clump spontaneously appear in the particle distribution function. The hole and clump support a pair of Bernstein, Greene, Kruskal (BGK) nonlinear waves that last much longer than the inverse linear damping rate while they are upshifting and downshifting in frequency. The frequency shifting allows a balance between the power nonlinearly extracted from the resonant particles and the power dissipated into the background plasma. These waves eventually decay due to phase space gradient smoothing caused by collisionality. |
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