Formation of the main gas compounds during thermal analysis and pyrolysis: Betaine and betaine monohydrate |
| |
Authors: | Suuronen J. Pitkänen I. Halttunen H. Moilanen R. |
| |
Affiliation: | (1) Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FIN-40351 Jyväskylä, Finland;(2) Finfeeds Finland Ltd., Satamakatu 2, FIN-21100 Naantali, Finland |
| |
Abstract: | The thermochemical behaviour of betaine and betaine monohydrate was investigated under two degradation conditions. Betaine was heated up to 700°C at 10°C min–1 in air and nitrogen flows and the evolved gas was analysed with the combined TG-FTRIR system. The evolved gas from betaine pyrolysis at 350 and 400°C was analysed by gas chromatography using mass-selective detection (Py-GC/MSD). In addition, the electron impact mass spectra of betaine and betaine monohydrate were measured.Esterification is one of the most important pyrolytic processes involving beta- ines. Even glycine betaine can change to dimethylglycine methyl ester via intermolecular transalkylation by heating. Trimethylamine, CO2, and glycine esters were the main degradation products. Small amounts of ester type compounds evolved both in pyrolysis and with TG-FTIR. The monohydrate lost water between 35 and 260°C while the main decomposition took place at 245-360°C. The residual carbon burnt in air to CO2 up to a temperature 570°C.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date. |
| |
Keywords: | degradation thermal analysis pyrolysis betaine betaine monohydrate EGA trimethyl ammonium acetate trimethyl glycine |
本文献已被 SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
|