聚乙烯醇/氟基蒙脱土纳米复合材料的合成及性能研究

采用水热方法，在493 K条件下反应72小时，合成了氟基蒙脱土(F-MMT)，在这种F-MMT中，硅酸盐结构中的一些OH-被F-取代。采用溶液插层方法，制备了聚乙烯醇/F-MMT纳米复合材料(PVA/F-MMT)。采用X 射线衍射、扫描电镜和透射电镜对F-MMT 和 PVA/F-MMT纳米复合材料进行了表征；结果表明，片状结构的F-MMT均匀分散于PVA中，形成了层离结构的纳米复合材料。热重分析、力学性能和紫外可见光谱的测试结果表明，在没有牺牲光学性能情况下，PVA/F-MMT纳米复合材料的热稳定性和力学性能都得到了提高。力学和热学性能的提高归功于F-MMT均匀而好的分散于聚合物基体中，以及PVA中的 OH- 和F-MMT 中F-之间强的氢键作用。

Synthesis and Properties of Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Synthetic F‐montmorillonite Nanocomposites

F‐montmorillonite (F‐MMT) was synthesized by a hydrothermal method at 493 K for 72 h, in which a little of hydroxyl radical is replaced by fluoride ion in the silicate structure. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/F‐MMT nanocomposites were prepared using the synthetic F‐MMT by a solution‐intercalation method. The F‐MMT and PVA/ F‐MMT nanocomposites were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The results indicate that the flake structured F‐MMT is homogeneously dispersed in PVA, forming an exfoliated nanocomposite structure. Thermogravimetric analysis, mechanical performance and UV‐visible spectroscopy were applied to test the properties of PVA nanocomposites, which indicate that the thermal stability and mechanical performance are enhanced distinctly, without a sacrifice in optical clarity. The improvement of mechanical and thermal properties was attributed to the homogeneous and good dispersion of F‐MMT in polymeric matrix and the strong hydrogen bonding between O??H of PVA and F^?? of F‐MMT.