血透患者微量元素营养状况初步探讨

对门诊维持性血透肾衰患者进行了膳食营养调查。结果表明：（1）在临床检查中发现，血透肾衰患者面黄肌瘦，面色苍白，浮肿，疲劳；体质虚弱，四肢无力；精神不振，具有明显的营养不良的临床表现。（2）在膳食调查中发现，每人每日营养素摄入量为蛋白质41．54mg，热量5288kJ，钙104mg、铁4．86mg和锌8．86mg、硒35μg、铜2．28mg、锰2．86mg、镁76．50mg、磷448mg、钾752mg和钠1385．4mg；视黄醇当量368μg、vitarmin B10.58mg、vitamin B20.39mg、vitarnin C51mg、vitaminPP12.60mg和vitaminE0.38mg。提示血透肾衰患者蛋白质－热量营养不良，K、Na过量，而Ca、Mg、P等宏量元素和Zn、Cu、Fe、Mn、Se等微量元素和RE、vitamin B1、vitamin B2、vitamin C均未达到RDA要求。原因是主食营养不平衡。因此，建议对血透肾衰患者进食主食营养平衡米（NBR）和制订平衡食谱，开展透析日营养治疗和病人家庭营养治疗。改善血透肾衰患者微量元素营养状况。

Investigation on the Trace Elements Nutrition of Patients with Hemodialysis

The meal nutrition was investigated on the patients with preserving renal failure by hemodialysis. It was found that the patients with hemodialysis were lean and haggard，look pale，dropsy，weary;with a poor constitution;weak in one’s limbs;listless;with a clinical manifestation with the malnutrition of the clear. The nutrients were talen by every patient daily and separately:the protein 41.5 g，calory 5288 kJ，Ca 104 mg，Fe 4.86 mg，Zn 8.86 mg and Se 35 μg，Cu 2.28 mg，Mn 2.86 mg，Mg 76.50 mg，P 448 mg，K 752 mg adn Na 1385.4 mg；the RE 368 μg and vitamin B1 0.58 mg，vitamin B2 0.39 mg，vitaminC 51 mg，vitaminPP 12.60 mg，and vitaminE 10.38 mg.The result showed the contract renal failure by the hemodialysis were malnutritiond of protein-calory and over-dose of K and Na. They did not reach RDA requirement for the macro elements Ca，Mg，P,the trace elements Zn，Cu,Fe，Mn，Se and RE，vitamin B1，vitamin B2，vitamin C. Therefore，it was proposed to take NBR and balance diet and carry on nutritional treatments on the pentrate analysis day and in the family.