Dynamics and Control Strategies for a Butanol Fermentation Process |
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Authors: | Adriano Pinto Mariano Caliane Bastos Borba Costa Maria Regina Wolf Maciel Francisco Maugeri Filho Daniel Ibraim Pires Atala Dejanira de Franceschi de Angelis and Rubens Maciel Filho |
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Institution: | (1) Laboratory of Optimization, Design and Advanced Control, LOPCA School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O. Box 6066, 13083-970 Campinas, S?o Paulo, Brazil;(2) Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil;(3) Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biosciences, S?o Paulo State University (UNESP), P.O. Box 199, 13506-900 Rio Claro, S?o Paulo, Brazil |
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Abstract: | In this work, mathematical modeling was employed to assess the dynamic behavior of the flash fermentation process for the
production of butanol. This process consists of three interconnected units as follows: fermentor, cell retention system (tangential
microfiltration), and vacuum flash vessel (responsible for the continuous recovery of butanol from the broth). Based on the
study of the dynamics of the process, suitable feedback control strategies single input/single output (SISO) and multiple
input/multiple output (MIMO)] were elaborated to deal with disturbances related to the process. The regulatory control consisted
of keeping sugar and/or butanol concentrations in the fermentor constant in the face of disturbances in the feed substrate
concentration. Another objective was the maintenance of the proper operation of the flash tank (maintenance of the thermodynamic
equilibrium of the liquid and vapor phases) considering that oscillations in the temperature in the tank are expected. The
servo control consisted of changes in concentration set points. The performance of an advanced controller, the dynamic matrix
control, and the classical proportional-integral controller was evaluated. Both controllers were able to regulate the operating
conditions in order to accommodate the perturbations with the lowest possible alterations in the process outputs. However,
the performance of the PI controller was superior because it showed quicker responses without oscillations. |
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