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Leaf flutter by torsional galloping: Experiments and model
Institution:1. École Polytechnique, Laboratoire d?hydrodynamique, 91128 Palaiseau, France;2. INRA, Physique et Physiologie intégratives de l?arbre fruitier et forestier, 63100 Clermont-Ferrand, France;1. School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China;2. Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton SO171BJ, UK;1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Anna University Tirunelveli Regional Campus, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu 627 007, India;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ramakrishna Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641 010 India;3. Department of Mechanicnal Engineering, SCAD College of Engineering and Technology, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu 627 414, India;1. Precision Agriculture, Biosystems Engineering Department, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, 2 Passage des Déportés, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium;2. AgricultureIsLife, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, 2 Passage des Déportés, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium;1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China;2. Institute for Infrastructure Engineering, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
Abstract:When wind blows on trees, leaves flutter. The induced motion is known to affect biological functions at the tree scale such as photosynthesis. This paper presents an experimental and theoretical study of the aeroelastic instability leading to leaf flutter. Experiments in a wind tunnel are conducted on ficus leaves (Ficus Benjamina) and artificial leaves. We show that stability and flutter domains are separated by a well-defined limit depending on leaf orientation and wind speed. This limit is also theoretically predicted through a stability analysis of the leaf motion.
Keywords:Leaf  Flutter  Wind  Biomechanics  Aeroelastic instability
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