云南高原湖泊—程海湖水和底泥干雨季各元素含量的变迁及其放线菌群

程海湖水的pH为9,总碱度40左右,属碱性湖泊。干季水中各水域的K~+、Na~+、Ca~(++)、Mg~(++)、Cl~-、HCO_3~-、PO_4~(3+)等离子含量均高于雨季,而SiO_2和F~-、CO_3~(2-)、SO_4~(2-)离子低于雨季。各水域底泥除K含量雨季高于干季外,其Na、Ca、Mg、S、P、Fe、Mn、Zn、Ni含量以及C/N比值,雨季均低于干季。从底泥中分离到的放线菌有18个属之多,其中对细菌有抑制作用的占40％,对真菌有抑制作用的占20％。20％左右的菌有分解脂肪、纤维活性。1～2％的菌还产生蛋白酶抑制剂。

CHANGES OF CONTAINS FOR ELEMENTS IN WATER AND SEDIMENT OF CHENGHAI, A LAKE OF YUN-NAN PLATEAU, IN DRY AND RAINY SEASONS AND GROUP OF ACTINOMYCETES IN IT

The water and sediments of Chenghai Lake were analysed in dry and rainy season, isolated actinomycetes too from its sediment in the meantime, the conclusions based on the result is as follows: 1 . The pH 9 and total basicity 40 of water of Chenghai Lake is respectively and it belongs to basic lake. 2 . The transparancy and COD of water with every areas of lake in rainy season are much more than those in dry season, total hardness, total basicity and soluble oxygen in dry season are much more than those in rainy. 3 . The amount of ions which is contained in water of all areas of lake K+ , Na+ , Ca++, Mg++, Cl-, HCO3-, PO43- and total ions in dry season are much more than those in rainy, bat the amount of ions F-, CO32-,SO42-, and SiO2 are less than those in rainy. Higher concentration ion Na+ , Mg++ solute in water in the form of bicarbonate, carbonate and chloride. 4 . The contents of elements Na, Ca, S, P, Fe, Mn, Zn, Ni and the ratio values of C/N in sedimont of every ares in rainy season are less than those in dry season, but its cotent of element K is much more than that in dry. 5 . The actinomycetes, isolated from sediment, there are 18 genera. Among them, 60% strains of actinomycetes can inhibit some bacterial and fungi, 50% strains of actinomycetes may decompose and utinize protein,more than 80% strains of actinomycetes may dacompose starch, 20% strains of actinomycetes can decompose fat and cellulose, and the strains of actinomycetes inhibitting amylase is 5%, the actinomycetes possessed inhibitting proteinase is only below 1~2%.