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LIDAR multiple scattering from clouds
Authors:L R Bissonnette  P Bruscaglioni  A Ismaelli  G Zaccanti  A Cohen  Y Benayahu  M Kleiman  S Egert  C Flesia  P Schwendimann  A V Starkov  M Noormohammadian  U G Oppel  D M Winker  E P Zege  I L Katsev  I N Polonsky
Institution:(1) DREV-Defence Research Establishment Valcartier, P.O. Box 8800, G0A 1R0 Courcelette, Québec, Canada;(2) Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Universitá, Via Santa Marta 3, I-50139 Firenze, Italy;(3) Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel;(4) SOREQ Nuclear Research Center, Yavne, Israel;(5) Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, Israel;(6) Groupe de Physique Appliquée, Université de Genève, Genève 4, CH-1211, Switzerland;(7) Defence Procurement and Technology Group, System Analysis Division, CH-3000 Bern, Switzerland;(8) Computing Center, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia;(9) Mathematisches Institut der Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Theresienstr. 39, D-80333 München, Germany;(10) Atmospheric Sciences Division, NASA Langley Research Center, Mail Code 475, 23665-5225 Hampton, VA, USA;(11) Institute of Physics, Pr. F. Scorina 70, 220602 Minsk, Belarus;(12) Present address: Department of Physics and Atmospheric Sciences, Drexel University, 19104 Philadelphia, PA, USA;(13) Present address: Groupe de Physique Appliquée, Université de Genève, Genève 4, CH-1211, Switzerland
Abstract:Multiple-scattering LIDAR return calculations obtained by seven different models for the same specified numerical experiment are compared. This work results from an international joint effort stimulated by the workshop group called MUSCLE for MUltiple SCattering Lidar Experiments. The models include approximations to the radiative-transfer theory, Monte-Carlo calculations, a stochastic model of the process of multiple scattering, and an extension of Mie theory for particles illuminated by direct and scattered light. The model solutions are similar in form but differ by up to a factor of 5 in the strength of the multiple-scattering contributions. Various reasons for the observed differences are explored and their practical significance is discussed.
Keywords:42  60
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